Phyllomedusa is a genus of tree frogs in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae found in tropical and subtropical South America and Panama. It has 16 recognised species.
Adelphobates galactonotus is a species of poison dart frog. It is endemic to the rainforest of the southern Amazon Basin in Brazil. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests. The eggs are laid on the ground, but the tadpoles are carried to temporary pools. Though it remains widespread and locally common, it is threatened by habitat loss and has already disappeared from some localities due to deforestation and flooding caused by dams. The species is relatively common in captivity and regularly bred, but the wild populations are still at risk from illegal collection.
Dendropsophus phlebodes, the San Carlos treefrog or San Carlos dwarf treefrog, is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is found in western Colombia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Panama. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, but it may also occur in disturbed habitats. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Boana beckeri is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil and is only known from a handful of localities in southern Minas Gerais and adjacent northeastern São Paulo. The specific name beckeri honors Johann Becker, Brazilian zoologist who collected many of the types.
Boana ericae is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality, Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park in the Goiás state. The specific name ericae honors Erica Maria Pellegrini Caramaschi, a Brazilian ichthyologist.
Phyllomedusa camba is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.
Phyllomedusa coelestis is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers, but is threatened by habitat loss.
Phyllomedusa distincta is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae, endemic to Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Callimedusa ecuatoriana is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. It is endemic to Ecuador and known from the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in the Morona-Santiago Province as well as from Cordillera del Condor in the Zamora-Chinchipe Province. Common name Agua Rica leaf frog has been proposed for it.
Pithecopus rohdei, also known as Rohde's leaf frog, Rohde's frog, and Mertens' leaf frog, is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. The species was previously placed in the genus Phyllomedusa. The species is endemic to southeastern Brazil and occurs at elevations up to 1000 meters above sea level.
Phyllomedusa tetraploidea is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. It is found in northern Argentina, extreme southeastern Paraguay, and southern Brazil. It occurs in rainforest on herbaceous vegetation near swamps at elevations of 400–1,000 m (1,300–3,300 ft) above sea level. It also occurs in secondary forest and pastures. The eggs are deposited in leaf nests above the water in permanent forest pools; the tadpoles develop in the pools. It is a common species in Brazil and Argentina. Habitat loss caused by agricultural activities is a threat to it. It is present in several protected areas.
Callimedusa tomopterna, the tiger-striped tree frog, is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. It is found in northern South America in the Upper Amazon Basin of Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia, Amazonian Brazil, and the Guianas from southeastern Venezuela to French Guiana. It might represent more than one species.
The white-lined leaf frog is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae. It is found in northern South America. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical swampland, rivers, and freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Pseudis tocantins is a species of aquatic frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to central Brazil and occurs in the eponymous state of Tocantins, as well as in Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Maranhão states, in the Tocantins and Araguaia River basins.
Paratelmatobius gaigeae is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to Serra da Bocaina, a part of Serra do Mar, southeastern Brazil. Paratelmatobius gaigeae is named after Helen Beulah Thompson Gaige, an American herpetologist.
Stefania roraimae is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Guyana. Its type locality is Mount Roraima; it is also known from Mount Ayanganna and Mount Wokomung. It presumably occurs in the adjacent Venezuela and Brazil too.
Stereocyclops histrio is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the northeastern Bahia state of Brazil where it occurs in remnants of the Atlantic forest. After the holotype was collected in 1944, the species went unrecorded until a population was found in the Una Biological Reserve and its surroundings in 1999. It is now known from four locations. Common name Bahia yellow frog has been coined for it, perhaps in reference to the bright lemon yellow coloration of the holotype. It was the only species in the genus Hyophryne until 2012 when molecular data demonstrated that it is nested within Stereocyclops species.
Kambo, also known as vacina-do-sapo, or sapo, is the dried skin secretions of the kambô, a species of frog, used as a transdermal medicine, however evidence for its effectiveness is limited.
Pithecopus azureus is a species of frog in the subfamily Phyllomedusinae that lives in Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru.
Phyllomedusa bahiana is a species of frog in the family Hylidae endemic to Bahia and Brazil. Scientists have seen it in mountain habitats, between 280 and 1000 meters above sea level.
