Potosí mountain range

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Potosí mountain range
Lagunas Kari Kari (Potosi - Bolivia).jpg
Looking northwest from the Khari Khari range, the northern part of the Potosí mountain range, across the Khari Khari Lakes towards Potosí in the background
Highest point
Peak Khunurana
Elevation 16,637 ft (5,071 m)
Coordinates 19°41′S65°38′W / 19.683°S 65.633°W / -19.683; -65.633 Coordinates: 19°41′S65°38′W / 19.683°S 65.633°W / -19.683; -65.633  
Geography
CountryBolivia
Parent range Andes

The Potosí mountain range in Bolivia is situated east and southeast of the city of Potosí. It is at least 25 km long stretching from north to south. Its highest mountain is Khunurana (Anaruyu) rising up to 5,071 m (16,637 ft). [1] The features of the range are considered the product of volcanic activity known as the Khari Khari caldera (19º43'S; 65º38'W). The caldera is about 40 km long and 25 km at its widest point. [2]

Bolivia country in South America

Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia is a landlocked country located in western-central South America. The capital is Sucre while the seat of government and financial center is located in La Paz. The largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located on the Llanos Orientales a mostly flat region in the east of Bolivia.

Potosí City & Municipality in Bolivia

Potosí is a capital city and a municipality of the Department of Potosí in Bolivia. It is one of the highest cities in the world at a nominal 4,090 metres (13,420 ft). For centuries, it was the location of the Spanish colonial mint.

Khunurana (Bolivia) mountain in Bolivia

Khunurana is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia located about 20 km south of Potosí in the Potosí Department in the north of the José María Linares Province. It is the highest peak in the Potosí mountain range rising up to 5,071 m (16,637 ft).

Contents

The range was named Cordillera de Potosí by the German alpinist Henry Hoek in 1903. He collected information about the range like the local names and published several papers about it. The inhabitants of the area, however, use the names Khari Khari for the northern part and Anta Q'awa for the southern one. The two sections are separated by a depression, the Jach'a Molino Pampa.

Mountains

Khari Khari range

The Khari Khari range contains a number of mountains which are more than 4,900 m high, the highest elevation being Khari Khari (5,040 m). Other mountains are listed below: [3] [4] [5] [6]

Khari Khari mountain in Bolivia

Khari Khari is a mountain in the Andes in the Potosí Department of Bolivia. It is the second highest elevation in the Potosí mountain range rising up to (5,040 m. It is also the highest mountain in the Khari Khari mountain range, the northern part of the Potosí mountain range.

  • Allqamari, 4,280 m (14,040 ft)
  • Cerro del Abra*, 4,960 m (16,270 ft)
  • Cóndor Negro*, 5,000 m (16,000 ft)
  • Illimani, 5,030 m (16,500 ft)
  • Jatun Q'asa, 5,023 m (16,480 ft)
  • Jatun T'ira, 4,740 m (15,550 ft)
  • Jayu Jayu, 4,264 m (13,990 ft)
  • Juch'uy T'ira, 4,580 m (15,030 ft)
  • Juqhuni, 4,920 m (16,140 ft)
  • Kimsa Chata, 4,680 m (15,350 ft)
  • Kimsa Kunturiri group, 5,020 m (16,470 ft), 4,980 m (16,340 ft), 4,960 m (16,270 ft)
  • Kimsa Waylla, 4,980 m (16,340 ft)
  • Kiwuta K'iña, 4,800 m (15,700 ft)
  • K'allampani, 4,720 m (15,490 ft)
  • Llallawa, 3,740 m (12,270 ft)
  • Masuni, 4,980 m (16,340 ft)
  • Mawk'a Tampu, 4,940 m (16,210 ft)
  • Muqun Punta, 4,520 metres (14,830 ft)
  • Muqun Urqu, 4,958 m (16,266 ft)
  • Murmuntani, 4,840 m (15,880 ft)
  • Puka Punta*, 5,020 m (16,470 ft)
  • Qucha Qucha, 4,440 m (14,570 ft)
  • Qhispi Llaqta, 4,780 m (15,680 ft)
  • Q'asiri, 4,880 m (16,010 ft)
  • Q'illu Urqu, 4,960 m (16,270 ft)
  • Q'illu Q'asa, 4,960 m (16,270 ft)
  • Sip'uruni*, 4,966 m (16,293 ft)
  • Suchu Suchu Punta, 4,960 m (16,270 ft)
  • Tani Tani, 4,649 m (15,253 ft)
  • Tani Tani, 4,465 m (14,649 ft)
  • Uma Jalanta, 4,760 m (15,620 ft)
  • Wak'ani, 4,960 m (16,270 ft)
  • Wich'u Qullu, 4,440 m (14,570 ft)
  • Yana Punta*, 4,920 m (16,140 ft)
  • Yana Urqu, 4,660 m (15,290 ft)
  • Yana Urqu, 4,640 m (15,220 ft)
  • Yana Salla, 4,620 m (15,160 ft)
  • Yuraq Apachita, 4,610 m (15,120 ft)
  • Yuraq Laq'a, 3,740 m (12,270 ft)
  • Yuraq Yuraq, 4,920 m (16,140 ft)
Illimani (Potosí) Mountain in Bolivia

Illimani is a mountain in the Khari Khari mountain range of the Bolivian Andes, about 5,030 m (16,503 ft) high. It is situated south-east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, Tomás Frías Province, Potosí Municipality. Illimani lies south-west of the mountain Uma Jalanta, north-east of Challwiri Lake and north of Illimani Lake.

Jatun Qasa (Potosí)

Jatun Q'asa is a mountain in the Khari Khari mountain range of the Bolivian Andes, about 5,023 m high. It is located in the Potosí Department, Tomás Frías Province, Potosí Municipality. It lies north of the plain called Jatun Molino Pampa and the Sip'uruni River. Jatun Q'asa lies near Q'illu Q'asa, Q'illu Urqu and Yuraq Yuraq.

Kimsa Kunturiri mountain in Bolivia

Kimsa Kunturiri is a group of three mountains in the Andes of Bolivia in the Potosí Department at the border of Tomás Frías Province and Cornelio Saavedra Province. The peaks are about 5,020 m, 4,980 m and 4,960 m high. The Kimsa Kunturiri group is situated in the Khari Khari mountain range east of Potosí. It lies north of the Kimsa Waylla group, between the lakes Jatun Wak'ani (Jatun Huacani) and Juch'uy Wak'ani (Juchuy Huacani) in the west and the Jatun Tiyu Lakes in the east.

Cerro Rico (4,824 m (15,827 ft)) lies west of the main range.

Cerro Rico mountain in the Andes near the Bolivian city of Potosí

Cerro Rico, Cerro Potosí or Sumaq Urqu is a mountain in the Andes near the Bolivian city of Potosí. Cerro Rico, which is popularly conceived of as being "made of" silver ore, was famous for providing vast quantities of silver for Spain during the period of the New World Spanish Empire. It is estimated that eighty-five percent of the silver produced in the central Andes during this time came from Cerro Rico. As a result of mining operations in the mountain, the city of Potosí became one of the largest cities in the New World.

Anta Q'awa range

South of Jach'a Molino Pampa, in the Anta Q'awa range, there are:

  • Anta Q'awa, 4,980 m (16,340 ft)
  • Cerro de la Mina*, 4,940 m (16,210 ft)
  • Ch'aki Qucha, 4,628 m (15,184 ft)
  • Hundimiento, 5,002 m (16,411 ft)
  • Jatun Kunturiri, 5,008 m (16,430 ft)
  • Juch'uy Lip'ichi, 4,840 m (15,880 ft)
  • Kimsa Qullu, 4,500 m (14,800 ft)
  • Kinwa Qullu, 4,900 m (16,100 ft)
  • Khunurana (Anaruyu), 5,071 m (16,637 ft)
  • Kuntur Ikiña, 4,661 m (15,292 ft)
  • Kuntur Sayana, 4,322 m (14,180 ft)
  • Kunturiri, 4,867 m (15,968 ft)
  • Kunturiri, 4,600 m (15,100 ft)
  • Link'u, 4,700 m (15,400 ft)
  • Lip'ichi, 4,840 m (15,880 ft)
  • Mach'a Anta Q'awa, 5,042 m (16,542 ft)
  • Machu, 5,042 m (16,542 ft)
  • Mulli P'unqu, 4,892 m (16,050 ft)
  • Muru Urqu, 4,760 m (15,620 ft)
  • Muyu Q'asa, 4,240 m (13,910 ft)
  • Phina Urqu, 4,860 m (15,940 ft)
  • P'allta Urqu, 4,840 m (15,880 ft)
  • P'isaqana, 4,502 m (14,770 ft)
  • P'ukru, 4,768 m (15,643 ft)
  • Q'asiri, 4,900 m (16,100 ft)
  • Q'umir Qucha, 5,020 m (16,470 ft)
  • Satari, 4,588 m (15,052 ft)
  • Uma Chhukuta, 4,902 m (16,083 ft)
  • Warawara ridge, 4,900 m (16,100 ft)
  • Wisk'achani, 4,416 m (14,488 ft)
  • Yana Mayu, 4,797 m (15,738 ft)
  • Yana Urqu group, 4,860 m (15,940 ft)
  • Yana Urqu, 4,840 m (15,880 ft)
Chaki Qucha mountain in Bolivia

Ch'aki Qucha is a 4,628-metre-high (15,184 ft) mountain in the Potosí mountain range in the Bolivian Andes at a lake of the same name. It is located in the Potosí Department, José María Linares Province, in the west of the Puna Municipality. Ch'aki Qucha lies south of the mountain Kuntur Ikiña, northeast of Kunturiri and a lake named T'ala Qucha and southeast of Jatun Kunturiri.

Jatun Kunturiri mountain in Bolivia

Jatun Kunturiri is a mountain in the Potosí mountain range of the Bolivian Andes, about 5,008 m (16,430 ft) high. It is situated south-east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, José María Linares Province, in the south-west of the Puna Municipality. It lies between the Sip'uruni River in the north and the Khunurana in the south, north-west of the lake T'ala Qucha and the village Talaco.

Kunturiri (Linares)

Kunturiri is a 4,867-metre-high (15,968 ft) mountain in the Potosí mountain range in the Bolivian Andes. It is situated south-east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, José María Linares Province, in the west of the Puna Municipality. Kunturiri lies south of the mountain Jatun Kunturiri and west of the lake T'ala Qucha.

Lakes

During the colonial epoch artificial lakes were built in the Khari Khari range, finally up to 32 lakes. The main purpose was to produce hydroelectric power to run the smelters of the mines. Some of these lakes are still used today for the water supply of the city. Today there are 22 lakes of the Khari Khari range belonging to six systems:

Francisco Pizarro and his fellow conquistadors from the rapidly growing Spanish Empire first arrived in the New World in 1524. But even before the arrival of the Europeans, the Inca Empire was floundering. Pizarro enjoyed stunning successes in his military campaign against the Incas, who, despite some resistance, were defeated and in 1538 the Spaniards completely defeated Inca forces near Lake Titicaca, allowing Spanish penetration into central and southern Bolivia.

South of Jach'a Molino Pampa there are two more systems:

Other notable lakes are T'ala Qucha and Q'umir Qucha.

See also

Notes

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Yana Urqu (Linares)

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Mount Qumir Qucha (Bolivia) mountain in Bolivia

Q'umir Qucha is a mountain in the Bolivian Andes, about 5,020 m (16,470 ft) high. It is located in the Anta Q'awa mountain range, the southern part of the Potosí mountain range. Q'umir Qucha is situated south-east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, in the north of the José María Linares Province. Q'umir Qucha lies north-west of the mountain Khunurana and the Yana Urqu group and south-west of the mountain Anta Q'awa. The small lake Q'umir Qucha lies at its feet, east of it. The larger lake south of Q'umir Qucha is Santa Catalina.

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Yana Mayu (Potosí)

Yana Mayu is a 4,797-metre-high (15,738 ft) mountain in the Potosí mountain range of the Bolivian Andes. It is located in the Potosí Department, on the border of the Cornelio Saavedra Province, Chaqui Municipality, and the José María Linares Province, Puna Municipality. It is situated northeast of Jatun Kunturiri. The lakes named Kimsa Qucha and Q'ara Qucha lie at its feet.

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References

  1. ↑ ii.uib.no Khunurana, photo and description (GPS on the summit)
  2. ↑ "Kari-Kari Caldera" . Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  3. ↑ Bolivian IGM map 1:50,000 6435-II-1 Potosí (Este)
  4. ↑ Bolivian IGM map 1:50,000 6434-I Puna
  5. ↑ "South America Maps" (PDF). Joint Operations Graphic. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
  6. ↑ Evelio Echevarría, Cordillera de Potosí, Bolivia, The Alpine Journal, 1995
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