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Chocolate or cocoa is a food made from roasted and ground cacao seed kernels that is available as a liquid, solid, or paste, either on its own or as a flavoring agent in other foods. Cacao has been consumed in some form since at least the Olmec civilization, and the majority of Mesoamerican people, including the Maya and Aztecs, made chocolate beverages.
The cocoa bean or simply cocoa, also called cacao, is the dried and fully fermented seed of Theobroma cacao, from which cocoa solids and cocoa butter can be extracted. Cocoa beans native to the Amazon rainforest are the basis of chocolate, and Mesoamerican foods including tejate, an indigenous Mexican drink.
Enchi is a town in Ghana. It is the capital of the Aowin Municipality. Other main towns in the Aowin District include Old and New Yakasi, Achimfo, Boinso, Jema, Omanpe, Sewum, Jensue, Yiwabra, Yiwabra Nkwanta, Nyankomam, Kwawu, Abochia, and Jomoro. The largest river in the district is the Tano whose tributary, the Desue (Disue), flows in the middle of Enchi.
Omanhene Cocoa Bean Company is a chocolate company headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Omanhene's chocolate beans come from the forests of Ghana. The difference between Omanhene's chocolate and their competitors is that Omanhene's chocolate bars are made and processed in Ghana, whereas competitors buy the beans from a tropical country and ship them to countries like Canada or the United States to make chocolate bars.
Côte d'Or is a producer of Belgian chocolate, owned by Mondelez International. Côte d'Or was founded in 1883 by Charles Neuhaus in Schaerbeek, Belgium, a chocolate manufacturer who used the name "Côte d'Or" referring to the old name of contemporary Ghana, the source of many of the cacao beans used in chocolate manufacturing.
The principal stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange or GSE is the GSE Composite Index. It was introduced in 2011 with a base value of 1000 points. This index is calculated from the values of each of the market's listings.
First City Monument Bank (FCMB), a member of FCMB Group Plc, is a financial services holding company headquartered in Lagos. FCMB Group Plc has nine subsidiaries divided among three business groups: commercial and retail banking, investment banking, and asset and wealth management. As of December 2020, the Group's total assets were valued at US $5 billion.
Tullow Oil plc is a multinational oil and gas exploration company founded in Tullow, Ireland, with its headquarters in London, United Kingdom. The company is listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Ivory Coast leads the world in production and export of the cocoa beans used in the manufacture of chocolate, as of 2012, supplying 38% of cocoa produced in the world. West Africa collectively supplies two thirds of the world's cocoa crop, with Ivory Coast leading production at 1.8 million tonnes as of 2017, and nearby Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon and Togo producing additional 1.55 million tonnes. Ivory Coast overtook Ghana as the world's leading producer of cocoa beans in 1978, and today is highly dependent on the crop, which accounts for 40% of national export income. The primary non-African competitor of Ivory Coast is Indonesia, which went from having almost nonexistent domestic cocoa industry in the 1970s to becoming one of the largest producers in the market by the early 2000s. According to the UN FAO, Indonesia overtook Ghana and became the second-largest producer worldwide in 2006. Large chocolate producers such as Cadbury, Hershey's, and Nestle buy Ivorian cocoa futures and options through Euronext whereby world prices are set.
The Cocoa Processing Company Limited is a Ghanaian cocoa processing company. They are listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. It formed in 1981.
The Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) is a Ghanaian government-controlled institution that fixes the buying price for cocoa in Ghana. Farmers are protected from the volatile prices on the world market through the price-fixing. Besides the higher quality hybrid seeds are sold by the organization and some research on cocoa plant-related diseases are also carried out.
Armajaro Asset Management is a commodity investment firm based in London. The company specializes within the cocoa and coffee markets, managing investments in soft commodity hedge funds. Armajaro is run by Anthony Ward.
African Champion Industries, previously called Super Paper Products Co. Ltd., is a Ghana and manufacturing company involved in the production of toilet paper. They are listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. The company was established on May 23, 1967.
SIC Insurance Company it is a Ghanaian insurance company. They are listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. It was formed in February 1962. Recently it's expansion plans were shelved due to the Ebola virus.
Sam Woode Limited is a Ghanaian publishing company. The company is listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. Sam Woode Limited was founded on 16 October 1984 and was listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange in 2002, having converted into a public company in 1998.
Transol Solutions Ghana, also known simply and stylized as TranSol, is a Ghanaian electronics company. They are listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. It formed on July 8, 2002.
Golden Web is a Ghanaian food company. They are listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. It formed on May 5, 1982.
PZ Cussons Ghana is a major manufacturer of personal healthcare products, and consumer goods. It operates in Ghana, and is a subsidiary of PZ Cussons. They are listed on the stock index of the Ghana Stock Exchange, the GSE All-Share Index. It formed on May 24, 1958.
Fair trade cocoa is an agricultural product harvested from a cocoa tree using a certified process which is followed by cocoa farmers, buyers, and chocolate manufacturers, and is designed to create sustainable incomes for farmers and their families. Companies that use fair trade certified cocoa to create products can advertise that they are contributing to social, economic, and environmental sustainability in agriculture.
Cocoa is the chief agricultural export of Ghana and Ghana's main cash crop. Ghana is the second largest cocoa exporter in the world, after Ivory Coast. Ghana's cocoa cultivation, however, is noted within the developing world to be one of the most modelled commodities and valuables.
References
- ↑ Directors - PBC LIMITED. pbcgh.com.
- ↑
- ↑ Produce Buying Company Ltd (PBC:Accra). investing.businessweek.com.
- ↑ PBC LIMITED. bloomberg.com (Bloomberg L.P.).
- ↑ Ghana: Stock Exchange Awaits Produce Buying Company. allafrica.com (AllAfrica.com).
- 1 2 3 4 About Us - Produce Buying Company. pbcgh.com.
