Pseudochrominae

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Pseudochrominae
Pseudochromis flavivertex.jpg
Sunrise dottyback Pseudochromis flavivertex
Pseudochromis Diadema Larry.JPG
Diadem dottyback Pictichromis diadema
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Family: Pseudochromidae
Subfamily: Pseudochrominae
Müller & Troschel, 1849 [1]

Pseudochrominae is a subfamily of ray-finned fishes, one of four subfamilies that make up the family Pseudochromidae, the species within the subfamily are commonly called dottybacks. They are small reef-associated marine fish which have an Indo-Pacific distribution.

Contents

Characteristics

In the Pseudochrominae the pelvic fin has a single spine and five rays which are branched, the head is covered in scales, there are teeth on the palatine bone and there are 16-20 rays in the pectoral fin. The lateral line is divided into two, with a longer part running from the head to the posterior part of the dorsal fin and located just below the dorsal fin and the other, shorter part on the rear of the flanks. They grow to a maximum length of 19 centimetres (7.5 in). [2]

Distribution

The subfamily Pseudochrominae has a widespread distribution in the Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean, mainly in tropical areas. Their distribution extends from the eastern coast of Africa, east across the Indo-Pacific region to American Samoa. The southern limits of the distribution is Durban in South Africa and the Elizabeth Reef in the northern Tasman Sea off Australia and north as far as southern Japan. [3]

Biology

The species in the Pseudochrominae are mainly associated with reefs, with several species which are found among branching corals and some other species live within large sponges, dottybacks are found from the intertidal shallows down to depths of 100 metres (330 ft). A few pseudochromines are social but most are fiercely territorial, defending small areas as home ranges and usually live solitarily, as pairs or very small groups of a male and a few females. They are normally predators of small invertebrates such as crustaceans, small bivalves and gastropods, polychaetes and some small fish. There appear to be little variety in the types of prey taken by different species other than larger species prey on larger prey items. Many species are hermaphroditic, some may be simultaneously hermaphroditic while other species are protogynous hermaphrodites or protandrous hermaphrodites and they adopt the colouring and pattern of the different sex as they transform. Many species produce a "fluffy", round egg mass which the male often guards in a small cave or burrow, the mass is formed by the interlinking of the filaments which cover the half of the surface of each egg which is opposite the micropyle, these filaments are attached to the surface of the egg by a small loaf-like structure. These loaf structures are diagnostic of the pseudochromines. The males guard the eggs until they hatch, which varies from 3–7 days after hatching the pelagic larvae disperse. [3]

Genera

The following genera are classifies within the subfamily Pseudochrominae: [2]

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Pictichromis diadema, the bicolor dottyback, diadem dottyback, or purple-top dottyback is a fish species of the dottyback family. It is a popular aquarium fish species.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Congrogadinae</span> Subfamily of fishes

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<i>Congrogadus</i> Genus of fishes

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<i>Cypho</i> Genus of fishes

Cypho is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the subfamily Pseudochrominae, which is one of four subfamilies in the dottyback family Pseudochromidae. They are found in the tropical western Pacific Ocean as far east as Tonga.

<i>Manonichthys</i> Genus of fishes

Manonichthys is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the subfamily Pseudochrominae, which is one of four subfamilies in the dottyback family Pseudochromidae. They are found in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Many of the species of Manonichthys live within the bodies of large sponges, the genus name references the Greek word for a kind of sponge, manon, in combination with the Greek word for "fish", ichthys.

Pholidochromis is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the subfamily Pseudochrominae, which is one of four subfamilies in the dottyback family Pseudochromidae. They occur in the western and central Pacific Ocean.

<i>Pictichromis</i> Genus of fishes

Pictichromis is a genus of ray-finned fishes from the subfamily Pseudochrominae, which is one of four subfamilies in the dottyback family Pseudochromidae. They occur in the western and central Pacific Ocean.

Pseudoplesiopinae is a subfamily of the family Pseudochromidae, the dottybacks, it consists of small species of coral-reef inhabiting fish which are distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific.

Pectinochromis is a monospecific genus of ray-finned fish from the subfamily Pseudoplesiopinae in the family Pseudochromidae, the dottybacks. The only species in the genus is Pectinochromis lubbocki, a small reef living dottyback from the Red Sea. This genus is the sister taxon to the genus Chlidichthys. The specific name honours the Cambridge University ichthyologist Roger Lubbock (1951–1981), in recognition of his work on the taxonomy of the subfamily Pseudoplesiopinae.

Pseudochromis aureolineatus, the gold-lined dottyback, is a species of ray-finned fish from the Comores and Indonesia in the Indian Ocean, which is a member of the family Pseudochromidae. This species reaches a length of 7.1 cm (2.8 in).

Pseudochromis kristinae, the lip-stick dottyback, is a species of ray-finned fish from the Western Indian Ocean: along East Africa, around the island of Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, which is a member of the family Pseudochromidae. This species reaches a length of 4.6 cm (1.8 in).

Pseudochromis madagascariensis, the Madagascan dottyback, is a species of ray-finned fish from Madagascar, which is a member of the family Pseudochromidae. This species reaches a length of 5.2 cm (2.0 in).

Pseudochromis melanurus, the black-tail dottyback, is a species of ray-finned fish from Tonga and Fiji in the Pacific Ocean, which is a member of the family Pseudochromidae. This species reaches a length of 4.0 cm (1.6 in).

Pseudochromis mooii, the Mooi's dottyback, is a species of ray-finned fish from Indonesia, which is a member of the family Pseudochromidae. This species reaches a length of 4.9 cm (1.9 in).

References

  1. ↑ Bailly N, ed. (2015). "Pseudochrominae Müller & Troschel, 1849". FishBase . World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved 19 October 2018.
  2. 1 2 J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 752. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6.
  3. 1 2 Anthony C. Gill (2004). "Revision of the Indo-Pacific dottyback fish subfamily Pseudochrominae (Perciformes:Pseudochromidae)". Smithiana. Monograph 1.
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