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The Class Gammaproteobacteria belongs to the Proteobacteria phylum and contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxa of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically important groups of bacteria belong to this class. It is composed by all Gram-negative microbes and is the most phylogenetically and physiologically diverse class of Proteobacteria. The word Gammaproteobacteria comes from three Greek words: the Greek letter "gamma" (γ) meaning "changeable", the word proteakos (πρωτεϊκός) "little stick", and βακτήριον, that means "bacterium", so it means "changeable little stick bacterium". The name refers to Proteus, the Greek sea god who could change his shape. These microorganisms can live in several terrestrial and marine environments, in which they play various important roles, including extreme environments like the hydrothermal vents. They generally have different shapes, like rods, curved rods, cocci, spirilla, and filaments and include free living bacteria, biofilm formers, commensals and symbionts, some also have the distinctive trait of being bioluminescent. Metabolisms found in the different genera are very different; there are both aerobic and anaerobic species, chemolithoautotrophics, chemoorganotrophics, photoautotrophs and heterotrophs.
Pseudohongiella acticola is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and motile bacterium from the genus of Pseudohongiella which has been isolated from seawater from the Sea of Japan in Korea.
Pseudohongiella nitratireducens is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Pseudohongiella which has been isolated from seawater from the South China Sea.
Pseudohongiella spirulinae is a Gram-negative, aerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of Pseudohongiella which has been isolated from a pond which was cultivated with Spirulina platensis from Sanya in China.
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