| Pseudonocardia spinosa | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Actinomycetota |
| Class: | Actinomycetia |
| Order: | Pseudonocardiales |
| Family: | Pseudonocardiaceae |
| Genus: | Pseudonocardia |
| Species: | P. spinosa |
| Binomial name | |
| Pseudonocardia spinosa Schäfer 1971 (Approved Lists 1980) [1] | |
| Type strain | |
| ATCC 25924, CBS 818.70, IFO 16002, JCM 3136, KCC A-0136, MB SH-1, NBRC 16002 | |
Pseudonocardia spinosa is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia . [1] [2] [3]
Pseudonocardia is a genus of the bacteria family Pseudonocardiaceae. Members of this genus have been found living mutualistically on the cuticle of the leafcutter ants because the bacteria has antibiotic properties that protect the fungus grown by the ants. When they are grooming, their legs are passed over their mouth gland that produces the antibiotic and then their legs touch the fungi while they are walking around. The ants have metapleural glands that produce the antimicrobial components to eliminate the Escovopsis fungi. The bacteria may also be found in crypts on the propleural plate. Pseudonocardia is found to have antibiotic properties provided to the leaf-cutter ant to inhibit the growth of Escovopsis, which is a black yeast that parasitizes the leaf-cutter ant. Pseudonocardia can be found in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Pseudonocardia belongs to the phylum Actinobacteria. Most Actinobacteria grow in soils that are of a neutral pH. Actinobacteria are also important in plant-associated microbial communities are referred to as "free-living." This means that they are not dependent on another organism to live. For example: A non-free-living organism would be a parasite that depends on a host as a food source and a place for shelter. "Free-living" also allows these organisms to require less energy and food for survival. Bacteria from the Pseudonocardia genus are catalase-positive, non-motile, aerobic, non-acid-fast and produce a gram positive reaction. Under the microscope they exhibit branching, rod-shaped organisms.
There are many different strains of Pseudonocardia and a good portion of these strains have been found in China, in soils of the forest, and in Eucalyptus trees of Australia.
Pseudonocardia zijingensis is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil in China.
Pseudonocardia acaciae is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from roots of the tree Acacia auriculiformis in Bangkok on Thailand.
Pseudonocardia antarctica is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil from the McMurdo Dry Valleys from the Antarctica.
Pseudonocardia chloroethenivorans is a trichloroethene degrading bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia.
Pseudonocardia compacta is a mesophilic bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from garden soil.
Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans is a Gram-positive bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from industrial sludge which was contaminated with 1,4-dioxane in the United States.
Pseudonocardia cypriaca is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil.
Pseudonocardia eucalypti is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from the roots of the tree Eucalyptus microcarpa in Adelaide in Australia.
Pseudonocardia halophobica is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil.
Pseudonocardia hydrocarbonoxydans is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from air contaminant. Pseudonocardia hydrocarbonoxydans can oxidize hydrocarbons.
Pseudonocardia khuvsgulensis is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil near the Khuvsgul Lake in Khuvsgul in the Mongolia.
Pseudonocardia nitrificans is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia.
Pseudonocardia parietis is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from a wall which was colonized with mould in Stuttgart in Germany.
Pseudonocardia petroleophila is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from soil.
Pseudonocardia saturnea is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from air.
Pseudonocardia seranimata is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from the leaves of the plant Artemisia annua in Yunnan in China.
Pseudonocardia tetrahydrofuranoxydans is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from water from a waste water treatment plant in Germany.
Pseudonocardia yuanmonensis is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia which has been isolated from forest soil in Yuanmo County, Yunnan Province, China.
Pseudonocardia yunnanensis is a bacterium from the genus of Pseudonocardia.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)