Pterophylla marquesana

Last updated

Pterophylla marquesana
Weinmannia marquesana var. angustifolia.jpg
Pterophylla marquesana var. angustifolia
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Oxalidales
Family: Cunoniaceae
Genus: Pterophylla
Species:
P. marquesana
Binomial name
Pterophylla marquesana
(F.Br.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins [2]
Synonyms [2]

Weinmannia marquesanaF.Br.
Weinmannia parviflora var. marquesana(F.Br.) Fosberg

Contents

Pterophylla marquesana, formerly known as Weinmannia marquesana, is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is a shrub or tree endemic to the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia. [2]

Description

Pterophylla marquesana is a shrub to a small tree, rarely a subshrub, (0.6-) 1.5 – 10 meters tall, with a trunk up to 35 cm in diameter. Its growth habit varies with elevation and exposure. Its crown is sometimes umbrella-shaped when it grows as a small tree. Leaves are elliptical or sometimes ovate, (2.5–) 3.3–7.5 (–9.6) cm long by (1–) 1.3–3.6 (–4.4) cm wide. Flowers are greenish-white to cream, with a greenish-red calyx and white corolla and stamens. Young fruits are green to bright carmine red. Its bark is smooth and grey, brown, or reddish in color. Its sapwood is white or pinkish, and its heartwood is red and fragrant. [3]

Range and habitat

Pterophylla marquesana grows on the islands of Fatu Hiva, Hiva Oa, Nuku Hiva, Tahuata, Ua Huka, and Ua Pou. It grows at mid- to high-elevations, typically above 500 to 600 meters elevation except on Nuku Hiva, where found from 790–1180 m. [3]

It is common in mid-elevation forests, which occur between 300 and 800 meters elevation on the larger islands. It a canopy tree, which together with Hibiscus tiliaceus, Pandanus tectorius , and Alphitonia marquesensis , forms the 20-meter high forest canopy. [4] On Nuku Hiva it is the co-dominant canopy tree in montane forests above 790 meters elevation. [3]

It also occurs in dry scrub on rocky ridges and hilltops with the fern Dicranopteris , and in savannas and dry forest with Dicranopteris and Metrosideros trees. [3]

Varieties

There are three accepted varieties: [2]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marquesas Islands</span> Archipelago in French Polynesia

The Marquesas Islands are a group of volcanic islands in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France in the southern Pacific Ocean. Their highest point is the peak of Mount Oave on Ua Pou island, at 1,230 m (4,035 ft) above sea level.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fatu-Hiva</span> Commune in French Polynesia, France

Fatu-Hiva is the southernmost island of the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. With Motu Nao as its closest neighbour, it is also the most isolated of the inhabited islands.

Marquesan is a collection of East-Central Polynesian dialects, of the Marquesic group, spoken in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia. They are usually classified into two groups, North Marquesan and South Marquesan, roughly along geographic lines.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohotani</span> Island in French Polynesia

Mohotani is an uninhabited island southeast of Hiva Oa and east of Tahuata in the southern Marquesas Islands. It has an area of 15 km2. Much of the island's sparse vegetation has been destroyed by feral goats and sheep, to the extent that following its rare rains, the sea around it is stained red from runoff. Early reports describes the island as fertile, with forest and fields. When Thor Heyerdahl visited the island in 1938, there were only a few goats and remains of deserted huts and villages.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ua Huka</span> Island in French Polynesia

Ua Huka is one of the Marquesas Islands, in French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. It is situated in the northern group of the archipelago, approximately 25 mi (40 km) to the east of Nuku Hiva, at 8°54′S139°33′W.

Phyllanthus marchionicus is a species of tree in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is endemic to the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia, where it grows on the islands of Nuku Hiva, Ua Pou, Ua Huka, Hiva Oa, Tahuata, and Fatu Hiva, in a variety of habitats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of the Marquesas Islands</span>

The Marquesas Islands are the island group farthest from any continent in the world, lying between 400 and 600 miles south of the equator and approximately 740 miles (1,200 km) northeast of Tahiti. A pair of volcanic archipelagoes, they fall naturally into two geographical divisions, The northwestern group consists of Eïao, Hatutu (Hatutaa), Motu One, and the islands centered on the large island of Nuku Hiva: Motu Iti, Ua Pou, Motu Oa and Ua Huka. The southeastern group consists of Fatu Uku, Tahuata, Moho Tani (Motane), Terihi, Fatu Hiva and Motu Nao, clustered around the main island of Hiva Oa which is the largest and most populous island of the southeastern group.

<i>Dryopteris macropholis</i> Species of fern

Dryopteris macropholis is a species of fern. It is distributed on the Marquesas Islands.

Ernophthora denticornis is a species of snout moth in the genus Ernophthora. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1929. It is found on the Marquesas Archipelago in French Polynesia, where it is known from the islands Hiva Oa, Nuku Hiva, Tahuata, Ua Pou and Fatu-Hiva.

French Polynesia's 2nd constituency is a French legislative constituency in French Polynesia. It is currently represented by Nicole Sanquer of A here ia Porinetia.

Libythea collenettei, the Marquesan snout butterfly, is a species of Nymphalid butterfly in the subfamily Libytheinae. The species was first described by Edward Bagnall Poulton and Norman Denbigh Riley in 1923. The specific name honours its original collector, Cyril Leslie Collenette, a member of the 1925 St George Expedition to French Polynesia. It is endemic to French Polynesia, L. collenettei is the only species of butterfly endemic to the Marquesas Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Marquesas tropical moist forests</span>

The Marquesas tropical moist forests is a tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests ecoregion in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia.

<i>Pterophylla</i> (plant) Genus of trees

Pterophylla is a genus of trees of the family Cunoniaceae, with species found growing naturally in Madagascar, Malesia, Papuasia, and the Pacific Islands, formerly included in Weinmannia.

Pterophylla parviflora, formerly known as Weinmannia parviflora, is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is endemic to the Society Islands of French Polynesia.

<i>Pterophylla samoensis</i> Species of flowering plant

Pterophylla samoensis, formerly known as Weinmannia samoensis, is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is a tree native to the Samoan Islands and to Rarotonga in the Cook Islands.

Pterophylla tremuloides, formerly known as Weinmannia tremuloides, is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is a shrub endemic to the island of Fatu Hiva in the Marquesas Islands of French Polynesia.

Pterophylla vescoi, formerly known as Weinmannia vescoi, is a species of plant in the family Cunoniaceae. It is a tree native to the island of Raiatea and possibly Tahiti in the Society Islands of French Polynesia.

References

  1. Florence, J. 1998. Weinmannia parviflora var. marquesana. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1998: e.T35061A9909131. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T35061A9909131.en. Accessed 15 April 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Pterophylla marquesana (F.Br.) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins Plants of the World Online , Kew Science. Accessed 15 April 2023.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hopkins, Helen C.F. and Florence, Jacques 1998. A revision of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae) in Malesia and the Pacific. 4. The Society, Marquesas and Austral Islands. Adansonia Sér. 3, 20 (1) 1998.
  4. "Marquesas tropical moist forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
  5. Pterophylla marquesana var. angustifolia (Lorence & W.L.Wagner) Pillon & H.C.Hopkins. Plants of the World Online . Accessed 16 April 2023.