RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RNPS1 gene. [5] [6] [7]
RNA-binding protein with serine-rich domain 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RNPS1 gene. [5] [6] [7]
This gene encodes a protein that is part of a post-splicing multiprotein complex, the exon junction complex, involved in both mRNA nuclear export and mRNA surveillance. mRNA surveillance detects exported mRNAs with truncated open reading frames and initiates nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). When translation ends upstream from the last exon-exon junction, this triggers NMD to degrade mRNAs containing premature stop codons. This protein binds to the mRNA and remains bound after nuclear export, acting as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein. This protein contains many serine residues. Two splice variants have been found for this gene; both variants encode the same protein. [7]
RNPS1 has been shown to interact with SART3 [8] and Pinin. [9] [10]
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are "S" and "R" respectively. SR proteins are ~200-600 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Nuclear RNA export factor 1, also known as NXF1 or TAP, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NXF1 gene.
Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the U2AF2 gene.
snRNP70 also known as U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNRNP70 gene. snRNP70 is a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein that associates with U1 spliceosomal RNA, forming the U1snRNP a core component of the spliceosome. The U1-70K protein and other components of the spliceosome complex form detergent-insoluble aggregates in both sporadic and familial human cases of Alzheimer's disease. U1-70K co-localizes with Tau in neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer's disease.
RNA-binding protein 8A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBM8A gene.
Pre-mRNA-processing-splicing factor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRPF8 gene.
Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRRM1 gene.
Pinin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PNN gene.
Regulator of nonsense transcripts 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UPF2 gene.
Splicing factor 3B subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SF3B1 gene.
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7) also known as splicing factor, arginine/serine-rich 7 (SFRS7) or splicing factor 9G8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRSF7 gene.
Squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SART3 gene.
Regulator of nonsense transcripts 3B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UPF3B gene.
Aly/REF export factor, also known as THO complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALYREF gene.
RNA-binding protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RBM4 gene.
Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTBP1 gene.
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) also known as alternative splicing factor 1 (ASF1), pre-mRNA-splicing factor SF2 (SF2) or ASF1/SF2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SRSF1 gene. ASF/SF2 is an essential sequence specific splicing factor involved in pre-mRNA splicing. SRSF1 is the gene that codes for ASF/SF2 and is found on chromosome 17. The resulting splicing factor is a protein of approximately 33 kDa. ASF/SF2 is necessary for all splicing reactions to occur, and influences splice site selection in a concentration-dependent manner, resulting in alternative splicing. In addition to being involved in the splicing process, ASF/SF2 also mediates post-splicing activities, such as mRNA nuclear export and translation.
An exon junction complex (EJC) is a protein complex which forms on a pre-messenger RNA strand at the junction of two exons which have been joined together during RNA splicing. The EJC has major influences on translation, surveillance, localization of the spliced mRNA, and m6A methylation. It is first deposited onto mRNA during splicing and is then transported into the cytoplasm. There it plays a major role in post-transcriptional regulation of mRNA. It is believed that exon junction complexes provide a position-specific memory of the splicing event. The EJC consists of a stable heterotetramer core, which serves as a binding platform for other factors necessary for the mRNA pathway. The core of the EJC contains the protein eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III bound to an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) analog, as well as the additional proteins Magoh and Y14. The binding of these proteins to nuclear speckled domains has been measured recently and it may be regulated by PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. In order for the binding of the complex to the mRNA to occur, the eIF4AIII factor is inhibited, stopping the hydrolysis of ATP. This recognizes EJC as an ATP dependent complex. EJC also interacts with a large number of additional proteins; most notably SR proteins. These interactions are suggested to be important for mRNA compaction. The role of EJC in mRNA export is controversial.
Messenger RNP is mRNA with bound proteins. mRNA does not exist "naked" in vivo but is always bound by various proteins while being synthesized, spliced, exported, and translated in the cytoplasm.
The TREX (TRanscription-EXport) complex is a conserved eukaryotic multi-protein complex that couples mRNA transcription and nuclear export. The TREX complex travels across transcribed genes with RNA polymerase II. TREX binds mRNA and recruits transport proteins NXF1 and NXT1, which shuttle the mRNA out of the nucleus. The TREX complex plays an important role in genome stability and neurodegenerative diseases.
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