The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria in 1861. The Order includes members of three classes:
- Knight Grand Commander (GCSI)
- Knight Commander (KCSI)
- Companion (CSI)
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:
- Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)
- Knight Commander (KCIE)
- Companion (CIE)
The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–1932 were a series of peace conferences,organized by the British Government and Indian political personalities to discuss constitutional reforms in India. These started in November 1930 and ended in December 1932. They were conducted as per the recommendation of Muhammad Ali Jinnah to Viceroy Lord Irwin and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald,and by the report submitted by the Simon Commission in May 1930. Demands for Swaraj or self-rule in India had been growing increasingly strong. B. R. Ambedkar,Jinnah,Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru,V. S. Srinivasa Sastri,Sir Muhammad Zafrulla Khan,K. T. Paul and Mirabehn were key participants from India. By the 1930s,many British politicians believed that India needed to move towards dominion status. However,there were significant disagreements between the Indian and the British political parties that the Conferences would not resolve. The key topic was about constitution and India which was mainly discussed in that conference. There were three Round Table Conferences from 1930 to 1932.
Chapslee Estate is a small locality adjacent to the Lakkar Bazaar in Shimla,Himachal Pradesh,India. The estate houses the erstwhile Secretary's Lodge which is now a heritage hotel run by the erstwhile Maharaja of Kapurthala.
The Imperial Legislative Council (ILC) was the legislature of British India from 1861 to 1947. It was established under the Government of India Act 1858 by providing for the addition of six additional members to the Governor General Council for legislative purposes. Thus,the act separated the legislative and executive functions of the council and it was this body within the Governor General's Council which came to known as the Indian/Central Legislative Council. In 1861 it was renamed as Imperial Legislative Council and the strength was increased.
Kanwar Sri Bikrama Singh Bahadur was a 19th-century Sikh leader.
Colonel The Honourable Kanwar Pratap Singh Bahadur of Kapurthala was a Punjabi politician and scholar.
Raja Sir Harnam Singh Ahluwalia,KCIE was a member of the Kapurthala royal family in the direct line founded by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia.
Sir Stuart Milford Fraser,was a distinguished officer of the Foreign and Political Department of the Government of India. Five years after joining the Indian Civil Service,he was appointed tutor to the Maharajas of Kolhapur and Bhavnagar,and later (1896–1902) was tutor and guardian to the Maharaja of Mysore. The Fraser Town locality in Bangalore was named after him.
The Council of State was the upper house of the legislature for British India created by the Government of India Act 1919 from the old Imperial Legislative Council,implementing the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms. The Central Legislative Assembly was the lower house.
The New Year Honours 1909 were appointments by King Edward VII to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were announced on 5 January 1909.
The New Year Honours 1921 were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were published on 31 December 1920.
Sir Randhir Singh Sahib Bahadur was the ruling Raja of the princely state of Kapurthala in the British Empire of India from 1852 until his death in 1870.
The 1899 New Year Honours were appointments by Queen Victoria to various orders and honours of the United Kingdom and British India.
The 1903 New Year Honours,announced at the time as the Durbar Honours,were appointments to various orders and honours of the United Kingdom and British India. The list was announced on the day of the 1903 Delhi Durbar held to celebrate the succession of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra as Emperor and Empress of India. The membership of the two Indian Orders were expanded to allow for all the new appointments.
The New Year Honours 1906 were appointments by Edward VII to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were published on 1 December 1905 and 2 January 1906.
The 1911 Delhi Durbar was held in December 1911 following the coronation in London in June of that year of King George V and Queen Mary. The King and Queen travelled to Delhi for the Durbar. For the occasion,the statutory limits of the membership of the Order of the Star of India and the Order of the Indian Empire were increased and many appointments were made to these and other orders. These honours were published in a supplement to the London Gazette dated 8 December 1911.
Opposition to the Partition of India was widespread in British India in the 20th century and it continues to remain a talking point in South Asian politics. Those who opposed it often adhered to the doctrine of composite nationalism in the Indian subcontinent. The Hindu,Christian,Anglo-Indian,Parsi and Sikh communities were largely opposed to the Partition of India,as were many Muslims.
The All India Conference of Indian Christians (AICIC) is an ecumenical organisation founded in 1914 to represent the interests of Christians in India. It was founded to advocate for the moral,economic,and intellectual development of the Indian Christian community. The All India Conference of Indian Christians held its first meeting on 28 December 1914 and was led by Raja Sir Harnam Singh of Kapurthala,who was the president of the National Missionary Society (NMS);the first AICIC General Secretary was B. L. Rallia Ram of Lahore. Its creation united local and regional Indian Christian Associations,which existed in Bombay,Madras,Hyderabad,Punjab,United Provinces,Bengal and Burma,under one umbrella organisation. At the time of the Indian independence movement,the organisation allied itself with the Indian National Congress and the resolutions passed by All India Conference of Indian Christians advocated communal harmony,while also pressing for the rights of Christians in both colonial India and independent India. The India Conference of Indian Christians advocated for self-rule in a united and independent country,opposing the partition of India. During the era of the British Raj in India,the AICIC served as the mouthpiece for members of the Indian Christian community,conducting membership drives to boost its base,which included Protestant and Catholic Christians. As such,the presidents of the AICIC represented the Christians of undivided India at the Round Table Conferences.
