Kapurthala | |
---|---|
City | |
Nickname: City of Palaces | |
Coordinates: 31°23′N75°23′E / 31.38°N 75.38°E | |
Country | ![]() |
State | Punjab |
District | Kapurthala |
Founded by | Jassa Singh Ahluwalia [1] |
Named after | Nawab Kapur Singh |
Government | |
• Body | Municipal Corporation Kapurthala |
Elevation | 225 m (738 ft) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 101,854 |
Languages | |
• Official | Punjabi |
Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
PIN | 144 601 |
Telephone code | 01822 |
Vehicle registration | PB-09 |
Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː] ) is a city in Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. The aesthetic mix of the city with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. It is also known as city of Palaces & Gardens. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India. [2]
Kapurthala town was founded by Kotak Rajputs. From 11th century to 1772, Kapurthala was under the control of various Muslim chieftains, who served as feudatories under Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. [3] [4]
In 1772, Kapurthala was seized from Muslim chieftains and was annexed into Kapurthala State by the Ahluwalia Sikh rulers. Kapurthala flag has two color background, with insignia and moto that says "pro rege et patria" (in Latin) meaning "For king and country"
As per provisional data of 2011 census Kapurthala had a population of 101,854, out of which males were 55,485 and females were 46,169. The literacy rate was 85.82 per cent. [5]
The table below shows the population of different religious groups in Kapurthala city, as of 2011 census.
Religion | Total | Female | Male |
---|---|---|---|
Hindu | 62,056 | 27,793 | 34,263 |
Sikh | 34,410 | 16,298 | 18,112 |
Muslim | 1,242 | 469 | 773 |
Christian | 579 | 256 | 323 |
Jain | 110 | 47 | 63 |
Buddhist | 17 | 7 | 10 |
Other religions | 28 | 12 | 16 |
Not stated | 474 | 233 | 241 |
Total | 98,916 | 45,115 | 53,801 |
Climate data for Kapurthala (1981–2010, extremes 1966–1996) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 27.7 (81.9) | 28.2 (82.8) | 35.0 (95.0) | 43.0 (109.4) | 47.7 (117.9) | 47.3 (117.1) | 45.5 (113.9) | 41.2 (106.2) | 41.0 (105.8) | 38.1 (100.6) | 39.0 (102.2) | 28.0 (82.4) | 47.7 (117.9) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 18.2 (64.8) | 20.8 (69.4) | 25.6 (78.1) | 33.4 (92.1) | 38.4 (101.1) | 40.5 (104.9) | 36.0 (96.8) | 34.0 (93.2) | 34.1 (93.4) | 31.3 (88.3) | 25.9 (78.6) | 20.3 (68.5) | 29.9 (85.8) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) | 7.5 (45.5) | 11.8 (53.2) | 17.1 (62.8) | 21.8 (71.2) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.0 (75.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 22.6 (72.7) | 16.9 (62.4) | 10.8 (51.4) | 5.8 (42.4) | 16.0 (60.8) |
Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) | 1.0 (33.8) | 1.8 (35.2) | 7.0 (44.6) | 11.8 (53.2) | 15.5 (59.9) | 14.5 (58.1) | 17.8 (64.0) | 12.0 (53.6) | 8.0 (46.4) | 2.0 (35.6) | 0.0 (32.0) | 0.0 (32.0) |
Average rainfall mm (inches) | 24.1 (0.95) | 32.8 (1.29) | 35.6 (1.40) | 23.3 (0.92) | 31.9 (1.26) | 29.3 (1.15) | 171.3 (6.74) | 148.6 (5.85) | 109.0 (4.29) | 12.1 (0.48) | 7.3 (0.29) | 12.0 (0.47) | 637.3 (25.09) |
Average rainy days | 2.1 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 3.8 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 36.1 |
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 75 | 74 | 72 | 62 | 60 | 56 | 75 | 83 | 72 | 69 | 70 | 72 | 70 |
Source: India Meteorological Department [8] [9] |
The Kapurthala railway station is located on the Jalandhar–Firozpur line. [10]