Kapurthala

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Kapurthala
Kapūrthalā (Punjabi)
City
Jagatjit Club.JPG
Durbar Hall , Kapurthala.jpg
Villa at KPT.jpg
Villa Buona Vista
Moorish Mosque of Kapurthala in the state of Punjab 05.jpg
Pushpa Gujral Science City - Outside View of IMAX Theater.jpg
Nickname: 
City of Palaces
India Punjab location map.svg
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Kapurthala
Location in Punjab, India
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Kapurthala
Kapurthala (India)
Coordinates: 31°23′N75°23′E / 31.38°N 75.38°E / 31.38; 75.38
CountryFlag of India.svg India
State Punjab
District Kapurthala
Founded by Jassa Singh Ahluwalia [1]
Named after Nawab Kapur Singh
Government
 • BodyMunicipal Corporation Kapurthala
Elevation
225 m (738 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
101,854
Languages
 • Official Punjabi
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
144 601
Telephone code01822
Vehicle registration PB-09

Kapurthala (Punjabi pronunciation: [kə.puːɾ.t̪ʰə.läː] ) is a city in Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Kapurthala District. It was the capital of the Kapurthala State, a princely state in British India. The aesthetic mix of the city with its prominent buildings based on French and Indo-Saracenic architecture self-narrate its princely past. It is also known as city of Palaces & Gardens. According to the 2011 census, Kapurthala is the least populated city in India. [2]

Contents

History

Kapurthala town was founded by Kotak Rajputs. From 11th century to 1772, Kapurthala was under the control of various Muslim chieftains, who served as feudatories under Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. [3] [4]

Princely state

Kapurthala flag Kapurthala flag.svg
Kapurthala flag

In 1772, Kapurthala was seized from Muslim chieftains and was annexed into Kapurthala State by the Ahluwalia Sikh rulers. Kapurthala flag has two color background, with insignia and moto that says "pro rege et patria" (in Latin) meaning "For king and country".

Demographics

As per provisional data of 2011 census Kapurthala had a population of 101,854, out of which males were 55,485 and females were 46,169. The literacy rate was 85.82 per cent. [5]

Religion in Kapurthala [6]
ReligionPercent
Hinduism
 
56.79%
Sikhism
 
32.74%
Islam
 
1.26%
Christianity
 
0.59%
Jainism
 
0.11%
Buddhism
 
0.02%
Other
 
0.51%

The table below shows the population of different religious groups in Kapurthala city, as of 2011 census.

Population by religious groups in Kapurthala city, 2011 census [7]
ReligionTotalFemaleMale
Hindu62,05627,79334,263
Sikh34,41016,29818,112
Muslim1,242469773
Christian579256323
Jain1104763
Buddhist17710
Other religions281216
Not stated474233241
Total98,91645,11553,801

Climate

The city has a humid subtropical climate (Koppen: Cwa), bordering on a hot semi arid climate (Koppen: BSh), with its rainfall patterns and weather influenced by the Indian monsoon and Western Distrubances.

Climate data for Kapurthala (1981–2010, extremes 1966–1996)
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)27.7
(81.9)		28.2
(82.8)		35.0
(95.0)		43.0
(109.4)		47.7
(117.9)		47.3
(117.1)		45.5
(113.9)		41.2
(106.2)		41.0
(105.8)		38.1
(100.6)		39.0
(102.2)		28.0
(82.4)		47.7
(117.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)18.2
(64.8)		20.8
(69.4)		25.6
(78.1)		33.4
(92.1)		38.4
(101.1)		40.5
(104.9)		36.0
(96.8)		34.0
(93.2)		34.1
(93.4)		31.3
(88.3)		25.9
(78.6)		20.3
(68.5)		29.9
(85.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)5.0
(41.0)		7.5
(45.5)		11.8
(53.2)		17.1
(62.8)		21.8
(71.2)		24.0
(75.2)		24.0
(75.2)		24.8
(76.6)		22.6
(72.7)		16.9
(62.4)		10.8
(51.4)		5.8
(42.4)		16.0
(60.8)
Record low °C (°F)0.0
(32.0)		1.0
(33.8)		1.8
(35.2)		7.0
(44.6)		11.8
(53.2)		15.5
(59.9)		14.5
(58.1)		17.8
(64.0)		12.0
(53.6)		8.0
(46.4)		2.0
(35.6)		0.0
(32.0)		0.0
(32.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches)24.1
(0.95)		32.8
(1.29)		35.6
(1.40)		23.3
(0.92)		31.9
(1.26)		29.3
(1.15)		211.3
(8.32)		198.6
(7.82)		129.0
(5.08)		12.1
(0.48)		7.3
(0.29)		12.0
(0.47)		787.3
(31.00)
Average rainy days2.13.43.22.32.22.36.97.33.80.60.71.336.1
Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST)75747262605675837269707270
Source: India Meteorological Department [8] [9]

Railway

The Kapurthala railway station is located on the Jalandhar–Firozpur line. [10]

Education

Culture and films

Literature

References

  1. ↑ "Kapurthala Web Portal" . Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  2. ↑ "Top 10 Least Populated Cities of India - 2023". www.census2011.co.in.
  3. ↑ "History - Kapurthala Web Portal" . Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  4. ↑ "Hazrat Baba Haider Sheikh & Malerkotle Wale Pir". Sufi Post || The Relationship between Spirituality, Religion, and Culture. Retrieved 6 April 2022.
  5. ↑ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  6. ↑ "Kapurthala City Population 2023 | Literacy and Hindu Muslim Population". www.census2011.co.in.
  7. ↑ https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11389, India - C-01: Population by religious community, Punjab - 2011, Kapurthala (M Cl)
  8. ↑ "Station: Kapurthala Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 389–390. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  9. ↑ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M170. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
  10. ↑ "Time table of KAPURTHALA (KXH) railway station". Rail Drishti. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
  11. ↑ "College of excellence, 150 years ago". The Tribune . 1 October 2006.
  12. ↑ "Royal Collection". Archived from the original on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
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