James Franklin Jeffrey is an American diplomat who served most recently as the United States Special Representative for Syria Engagement and the Special Envoy to the International military intervention against ISIL.
The Goldman Sachs Group,Inc. is an American multinational investment bank and financial services company. Founded in 1869,Goldman Sachs is headquartered in Lower Manhattan in New York City,with regional headquarters in many international financial centers. Goldman Sachs is the second-largest investment bank in the world by revenue and is ranked 55th on the Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue. In the Forbes Global 2000 of 2024,Goldman Sachs ranked 23rd. It is considered a systemically important financial institution by the Financial Stability Board.
Joshua Brewster Bolten is an American lawyer and politician. Bolten served as the White House chief of staff to U.S. president George W. Bush,replacing Andrew Card on April 14,2006. Previously,he served as the director of the Office of Management and Budget from 2003 to 2006.
Robert Bruce Zoellick is an American public official and lawyer who was the 11th president of the World Bank Group,a position he held from July 1,2007 to June 30,2012. He was previously chairman of international advisors at Goldman Sachs from 2006 to 2007,United States Deputy Secretary of State from 2005 to 2006,and U.S. Trade Representative from 2001 to 2005. Prior to those posts,from 1985 to 2001 he served in a variety of capacities in the administrations of Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush,and the presidential campaign of George W. Bush,in addition to positions in various think tanks and academia.
Dina Powell,also known as Dina Powell McCormick is an American financial executive,philanthropist,and political advisor,best known for having been the United States Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategy to President Donald Trump.
Henry "Hank" Merritt Paulson Jr. is an American investment banker and financier who served as the 74th United States Secretary of the Treasury from 2006 to 2009. Prior to his role in the Department of the Treasury,Paulson was the chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of major investment bank Goldman Sachs.
The School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA) is the international affairs and public policy school of Columbia University,a private Ivy League university located in Morningside Heights,Manhattan,New York City. SIPA offers Master of International Affairs (MIA) and Master of Public Administration (MPA) degrees in a range of fields,as well as the Executive MPA and PhD program in Sustainable Development.
Faryar Shirzad;born 1965 in London formerly served on the staff of the National Security Council at the White House from March 2003 through August 2006,first as a special assistant to the President for International Economic Affairs,and then as deputy assistant to the President and deputy national security advisor for International Economic Affairs. In those roles,Shirzad was responsible for advising the President,the National Security Advisor and the Director of the National Economic Council on all international economic policy matters,including trade,investment,finance,development,energy and environment. He also served as the President's personal representative to the G-8,and led the preparations for the President's participation in other international economic summits,such as the U.S.-E.U. Summit,the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum and the Summit of the Americas.
Salvatore Antonio "Tony" Fratto was deputy assistant and deputy press secretary to former United States President George W. Bush.
Robert King Steel is an American businessman,financier and government official who has served as Deputy Mayor for Economic Development in the administration of New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg,Under Secretary for Domestic Finance of the United States Treasury,chief executive officer of Wachovia Corporation and vice chairman of Goldman Sachs. He has also served as chairman of the board of trustees at Duke University and the Aspen Institute. In May 2014,he was tapped to succeed Joseph R. Perella as chief executive officer of Perella Weinberg Partners,a private investment banking and asset management firm.
Membership in the Council on Foreign Relations comes in two types:Individual and Corporate. Individual memberships are further subdivided into two types:Life Membership and Term Membership,the latter of which is for a single period of five years and is available to those between the ages of 30 and 36 at the time of their application. Only U.S. citizens and permanent residents who have applied for U.S. citizenship are eligible. A candidate for life membership must be nominated in writing by one Council member and seconded by a minimum of three others.
Coalition Provisional Authority Order Number 2:Dissolution of Entities signed by Paul Bremer on behalf of the Coalition Provisional Authority on 23 May 2003,disbanded the Iraqi military,security,and intelligence infrastructure of President Saddam Hussein. It has since become an object of controversy,cited by some critics as the biggest American mistake made in the immediate aftermath of the fall of Saddam Hussein and as one of the main causes of the rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL/ISIS).
John Francis William Rogers is an American businessman,serving as executive vice president,chief of staff,and secretary to the board of Goldman Sachs.
Jared Andrew Cohen is an American businessman and presidential historian serving as the President of Global Affairs and co-head of the Goldman Sachs Global Institute at Goldman Sachs,which he joined in August 2022 as a Partner and member of the firm's Management Committee. He is also an Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. Previously,he was the founder and the CEO of Jigsaw. Prior to that,he served as a member of the Secretary of State's Policy Planning Staff and as an advisor to Condoleezza Rice and later Hillary Clinton. Brought in by Condoleezza Rice as a member of the Policy Planning Staff,he was one of a few staffers that stayed under Hillary Clinton. In this capacity,he focused on counter-terrorism,counter-radicalization,Middle East/South Asia,Internet freedom,and fostering opposition in repressive countries.
Alan Philip Larson is a diplomat and a former United States Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) in 1990–93. From 1996 to 1999,he served as U.S. Department of State Assistant Secretary for Economic and Business Affairs. In 1999 to 2005,he also served as US Undersecretary of State for Economic,Business,and Agricultural Affairs,OECD. He is a United States Career Ambassador,and a recipient of the Secretary of State’s Distinguished Service Award.
Robert David "Bob" Hormats is Vice Chairman of Kissinger Associates. Immediately prior he served as Under Secretary of State for Economic Growth,Energy,and the Environment from 2009 to 2013. Hormats was formerly Vice Chairman of Goldman Sachs (International),which he joined in 1982. He served as Senior Deputy Assistant Secretary,from 1977 to 1979,and Assistant Secretary of State,from 1981 to 1982,at the Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs. He was Ambassador and Deputy U.S. Trade Representative from 1979 to 1981. He served as a senior staff member for International Economic Affairs on the United States National Security Council from 1969 to 1977,where he was senior economic adviser to Henry Kissinger,General Brent Scowcroft and Zbigniew Brzezinski. He helped to manage the Nixon administration's opening of diplomatic relations with China's communist government. He was a recipient of the French Legion of Honor in 1982 and the Arthur S. Flemming Award in 1974.
The Foreign Affairs Policy Board is an advisory board that provides independent advice and opinion to the secretary of state,the deputy secretary of state,and the director of policy planning on matters concerning U.S. foreign policy. The board reviews and assesses global threats and opportunities,trends that implicate core national security interests,tools and capacities of the civilian foreign affairs agencies,and priorities and strategic frameworks for U.S. foreign policy. The board meets in a plenary session several times a year at the U.S. Department of State in the Harry S. Truman Building.
Bradford R. Higgins is an American lawyer,investment banker,and former American government official who served as Assistant Secretary of State for Resource Management and Chief Financial Officer of the United States Department of State from 2006 to 2009.
