Rewley Road

Last updated May 05, 2019

Rewley Road is in the west of central Oxford, England.^[1] It is located in St Thomas's parish.

Oxford is a university city in south central England and the county town of Oxfordshire. With a population of approximately 155,000, it is the 52nd largest city in the United Kingdom, with one of the fastest growing populations in the UK, and it remains the most ethnically diverse area in Oxfordshire county. The city is 51 miles (82 km) from London, 61 miles (98 km) from Bristol, 59 miles (95 km) from Southampton, 57 miles (92 km) from Birmingham and 24 miles (39 km) from Reading.

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north-northwest. The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.

History

The name derives from Rewley Abbey.^[1] A Rewley Lane (or Ruley Lane) existed in 1538.

The Cistercian Abbey of Rewley was an Abbey in Oxford, England. It was founded in the 13th century by Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall. Edmund's father, Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, founder of Hayles Abbey, had intended to establish a college or chantry of three secular priests to pray for his soul, but his son Edmund substituted 'six Cistercian monks, having more confidence in them.' If this was the original plan, it was soon enlarged. In 1280 he offered the general chapter of the Cistercian order to found a college (studium) for Cistercians at Oxford, and the chapter accepted the offer, and decreed that the college should have the same privileges as the college of St. Bernard at Paris, and that it should be under the Abbot of Thame, as the other was under the Abbot of Clairvaux. The following year the chapter decreed 'out of due respect to the Earl of Cornwall' that the Abbot of Thame should be empowered to appoint an Abbot of his own choice for the house of study at Oxford, and that there should be a daily memory of the late Earl of Cornwall at Mass at the college (studium) of Oxford, according as the Abbot of the place shall ordain.

Oxford Rewley Road railway station used to be located here, originally built in 1851. The building was finally demolished to make way for the Said Business School of Oxford University. Coal wharves and merchants were also located here,^[1]^[2]< but the road has more recently been developed with housing.

Oxford Rewley Road railway station was a railway station serving the city of Oxford, England, located immediately to the north of what is now Frideswide Square on the site of the Saïd Business School, to the west of Rewley Road. It was the terminus of the Buckinghamshire Railway, which was worked, and later absorbed, by the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR). In 1923 it became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), "Varsity Line" service from Cambridge via Bletchley and had features of significance in construction history.

Location

The road runs north from Frideswide Square at the junctions with Hythe Bridge Street and Park End Street. It spans Sheepwash Channel on Rewley Road Bridge to the east of Rewley Road Swing Bridge, a disused railway swing bridge and Sheepwash Channel Railway Bridge, which carries the main line north from Oxford railway station.

Frideswide Square is a square to the west of central Oxford, England. The square is named after the patron saint of Oxford, St Frideswide.

Hythe Bridge Street is in the west of central Oxford, England, forming part of the A4144 road.

Park End Street is a street in central Oxford, England, to the west of the centre of the city, close to the railway station at its western end.

Buildings

The Cistercian house Rewley Abbey, founded in 1280, was located here on the banks of a branch of the River Thames. Virtually all the original buildings have disappeared, but there is still a 15th-century doorway in a wall on the west side of the Oxford Canal, within a housing development.^[3]

The River Thames, known alternatively in parts as the Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At 215 miles (346 km), it is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn.

The Oxford Canal is a 78-mile (126 km) narrow canal in central England linking Oxford with Bedworth via Banbury and Rugby. Completed in 1790, it connects to the River Thames at Oxford and is integrated with the Grand Union Canal — combined for 5 miles close to the villages of Braunston and Napton-on-the-Hill, a canal which soon after construction superseded much of its traffic.

Beaver House, on the corner of Rewley Road and Hythe Bridge Street, was erected in 1971–72, designed by the Oxford Architects Partnership.^[4]^[5] It is clad in reeded concrete with a glass curtain wall facing Hythe Bridge Street.

Concrete, usually Portland cement concrete, is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that hardens over time—most frequently a lime-based cement binder, such as Portland cement, but sometimes with other hydraulic cements, such as a calcium aluminate cement. It is distinguished from other, non-cementitious types of concrete all binding some form of aggregate together, including asphalt concrete with a bitumen binder, which is frequently used for road surfaces, and polymer concretes that use polymers as a binder.

Rewley Road fire station^[6] is on the eastern side of the road, opposite the Said Business School.

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Oxford railway station is a mainline railway station serving the city of Oxford, England. It is about 0.5 miles (800 m) west of the city centre, north-west of Frideswide Square and the eastern end of Botley Road. It is on the line for trains between London Paddington and Hereford via Worcester Shrub Hill. It is a starting point for fast and local trains to London Paddington and London Marylebone, and for local trains to Reading, Worcester, and Banbury. It is also on the north/south Cross Country Route from Manchester Piccadilly and Newcastle via Birmingham New Street and Reading to Southampton Central and Bournemouth. The station is managed by Great Western Railway, and also served by CrossCountry and Chiltern Railways trains. Immediately to the north is Sheepwash Channel Railway Bridge over the Sheepwash Channel.

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Osney or Osney Island is a riverside community in the west of the city of Oxford, England. In modern times the name is applied to a community also known as Osney Town astride Botley Road, just west of the city's main railway station, on an island surrounded by the River Thames, Osney Ditch and another backwater connecting the Thames to Osney Ditch.

Osney Abbey or Oseney Abbey, later Osney Cathedral, was a house of Augustinian canons at Osney in Oxfordshire. The site is south of the modern Botley Road, down Mill Street by Osney Cemetery, next to the railway line just south of Oxford station. It was founded as a priory in 1129, becoming an abbey around 1154. It was dissolved in 1539 but was created a cathedral, the last abbot Robert King becoming the first Bishop of Oxford. The see was transferred to the new foundation of Christ Church in 1545 and the building fell into ruin. It was one of the four renowned monastic houses of medieval Oxford, along with St Frideswide's Priory, Rewley and Godstow.

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Sheepwash Channel connects the River Thames to the west and the Castle Mill Stream next to the Oxford Canal to the east, in west Oxford, England. To the north are Cripley Meadow and Fiddler's Island. To the south are Osney Island and the Botley Road.

Isis Lock is a lock connecting the Oxford Canal and the Castle Mill Stream, a backwater of the River Thames in Oxford, England.

Rewley Road Swing Bridge is a disused railway swing bridge over Sheepwash Channel in west Oxford, England. To the north are Cripley Meadow and Fiddler's Island and to the south are Osney Island and the Botley Road.

Sheepwash Channel Railway Bridge is a railway bridge over Sheepwash Channel in west Oxford, England, just north of Oxford railway station. To the north are Cripley Meadow and Fiddler's Island. To the south are Osney Island and the Botley Road.

References

1 2 3 Hibbert, Christopher, ed. (1988). "Rewley Road". The Encyclopaedia of Oxford . Macmillan. p. 358. ISBN 0-333-39917-X.
↑ "Rewley Road". Kelly's Directory of Oxford (68th ed.). Kingston upon Thames: Kelly's Directories. 1976. p. 430.
↑ Tyack, p. 21.
↑ Tyack, p. 331.
↑ Sherwood, Jennifer; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974). The Buildings of England: Oxfordshire. Penguin Books. p. 324. ISBN 0-14-071045-0.
↑ "Rewley Road fire station". UK: Oxfordshire County Council . Retrieved 19 September 2012.

Bibliography

Tyack, Geoffrey (1998). Oxford: An architectural Guide. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-817419-5.

Coordinates: 51°45′20″N1°16′12″W / 51.755619°N 1.270077°W / 51.755619; -1.270077

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[hibbert-1] 1 2 3 Hibbert, Christopher, ed. (1988). "Rewley Road". The Encyclopaedia of Oxford . Macmillan. p. 358. ISBN 0-333-39917-X.

[kelly-2] "Rewley Road". Kelly's Directory of Oxford (68th ed.). Kingston upon Thames: Kelly's Directories. 1976. p. 430.

[3] Tyack, p. 21.

[4] Tyack, p. 331.

[pevsner-5] Sherwood, Jennifer; Pevsner, Nikolaus (1974). The Buildings of England: Oxfordshire. Penguin Books. p. 324. ISBN 0-14-071045-0.

[6] "Rewley Road fire station". UK: Oxfordshire County Council . Retrieved 19 September 2012.