The Salvesen Mountains or Salvesen Range is a mountain range on the southern tip of South Georgia, rising to a maximum elevation of 2,330 metres (7,644 ft). They were created 127 million years ago and are made mainly from granite. The Cretaceous granite is embedded into the Jurassic basaltic lavas and dolerite dykes, both of which are black, so they create a striking colour contrast in exposures. Both the granite and the basalt were formed from rising magma formed on the divergent plate boundary where the southern Atlantic Ocean opened. The main ranges of South Georgia, famously crossed by Ernest Shackleton in 1916, are less rugged and precipitous than the Salvesen Mountains, as they are formed from folded sandstone. These were formed from sand deposition, the sediment for which was derived from erosion of the igneous rocks and rifting continental blocks.
Joinville Island group is a group of antarctic islands, lying off the northeastern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, from which Joinville Island group is separated by the Antarctic Sound.
Stromness Bay is a bay 3 miles (4.8 km) wide, entered between Cape Saunders and Busen Point on the north coast of South Georgia. Stromness Bay, like Leith Harbour takes its name from a location in Scotland, Stromness, on the Orkney Mainland. This is partially because both places called Stromness were whaling centres. The headland forming the southeast side of the entrance to Stromness Bay is named Busen Point. Bucentaur Rock lies close northeast of Busen Point.
Leon Head is a prominent rocky headland, 880 metres (2,900 ft) high, forming the south side of the mouth of Brøgger Glacier and the southeast side of the entrance to Undine South Harbour, on the south coast of South Georgia. The headland was roughly charted in 1819 by a Russian expedition under Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, following a survey by the South Georgia Survey, 1951–52, for the Spanish vessel Leon, which sighted South Georgia in 1756.
King Edward Cove is a sheltered cove in the west side of Cumberland East Bay, South Georgia. This cove and its surrounding features, frequented by early sealers at South Georgia, was charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition, 1901–04, under Otto Nordenskiöld who named it Grytviken. That name, meaning 'Pot Bay,' was subsequently assumed by the whaling station and settlement built in 1904. The cove got its present name in about 1906 for King Edward VII of the United Kingdom.
Novosilski Glacier is a glacier, 8 miles (13 km) long and 2 miles (3.2 km) wide, flowing in a westerly direction from the southwest slopes of the Salvesen Range to Novosilski Bay on the south coast of South Georgia. First surveyed and named by a German expedition 1928–29, under Kohl-Larsen. The name derives from nearby Novosilski Bay.
Moraine Fjord is an inlet 3.5 nautical miles long with a reef extending across its entrance, forming the west head of Cumberland East Bay, South Georgia. It was charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskjöld, 1901–04, who so named it because of the large glacial moraine at its entrance.
Sacramento Bight is an open bight, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) wide, between Calf Head and Cape Harcourt on the north coast of South Georgia. The name "Pinguin-Bay" was given by the German group of the International Polar Year Investigations, 1882–83, to a small bay within the bight now described. The SGS, 1951–52, reported that a name is not necessary for this bay, and that the bight, which is known to whalers and sealers as Sacramento Bay, does require a name. In order to indicate the correct nature of the feature, and at the same time to conform to local usage, the name Sacramento Bight is approved.
Helland Glacier is a glacier 4 nautical miles (7 km) long flowing southwest from Mount Paget to Rocky Bay, on the south side of South Georgia. It was mapped by Olaf Holtedahl during his visit to South Georgia in 1927–28, and named by him for Amund Helland, a Norwegian mining geologist and glaciologist.
Henningsen Glacier is a glacier 3 nautical miles (6 km) long, flowing southwest to the south coast of South Georgia between Cape Darnley and Rocky Bay. It was surveyed in the period 1951–57 by the South Georgia Survey expedition led by Duncan Carse, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Leonard Henningsen, Manager of Tønsbergs Hvalfangeri, Husvik, 1945–50.
Mount Back is a peak, 650 metres (2,130 ft) high, located 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) south of Doris Bay, South Georgia. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Squadron Leader Anthony H. Back, Royal Air Force, assistant surveyor with the British Combined Services Expedition of 1964–65, who assisted in the survey of this peak.
Breakwind Ridge is a prominent rocky ridge which is 2 nautical miles (4 km) long in a north–south direction and rises to 860 metres (2,820 ft), close southwest of the head of Fortuna Bay on the north coast of South Georgia. The name "Breakwind Range" was likely applied by Discovery Investigations personnel who mapped Fortuna Bay in 1929–30. Following a resurvey by the South Georgia Survey, 1951–52, the descriptive term was altered to "ridge", which is more suitable for this relatively small feature. The name suggests a beneficial function of this ridge in protecting anchorages at Fortuna Bay from violent southwest and westerly winds.
Clear Point is a headland forming the northeast side of the entrance to Leith Harbour, Stromness Bay, on the north coast of South Georgia. The name appears to be first used on a 1929 British Admiralty chart.
Nachtigal Peak is a rocky peak on a spur projecting northward from the southeast extremity of the Allardyce Range, South Georgia. It rises to 1,160 m (3,810 ft) at the west side of the head of Cook Glacier, 4 nautical miles east of Nordenskjold Peak. The name "Kleine Pic" was given to this feature by the German group of the International Polar Year Investigations, 1882–83. The SGS, 1951–52, reported that "Kleine Pic" is not particularly descriptive or distinctive for the peak described, and that name has been rejected. The name Nachtigal Peak, recommended by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1954, derives from nearby Nachtigal Glacier, which was named by the German group of 1882–83.
The Eden Rocks are two rocks lying 1.5 km off the east coast of Dundee Island, at the northern end of the Antarctic Peninsula. A small island was reported there on 30 December 1842 by Captain James Clark Ross of the Royal Navy, who named it "Eden Island" for Captain Charles Eden. Following a survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1953, it was reported that the feature consists of two rocky islets rising to about 90 m in height and lying close together.
The Freberg Rocks are a small group of rocks lying off Rocky Bay, 1.5 nautical miles (3 km) west-northwest of Ducloz Head, South Georgia. They were surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and were named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee for Hjalmar Freberg, a gunner of the Tonsberg Hvalfangeri, Husvik, 1946–54.
Hercules Point is a point forming the west side of the entrance to Hercules Bay on the north coast of South Georgia. It was probably first surveyed by Discovery Investigations personnel in 1927. The name, which derives from nearby Hercules Bay, was used by a German expedition under Ludwig Kohl-Larsen, 1928–29, but is known to have been used earlier by whalers.
The Danger Islands are a group of islands lying 13 nautical miles east-south-east of Joinville Island near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.
Bone Bay is a rectangular bay along the northwest coast of Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica. It is nearly 10 nautical miles wide at the entrance between Notter Point and Cape Roquemaurel.
This article incorporates public domain material from "Rocky Bay (South Georgia)". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey. 
