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Treviso probably was Christianized from Aquileia. The bishops of Treviso who participated, along with all of the other bishops of the ecclesiastical province of Aquileia, in the schism of the Three Chapters were: Felix; Rusticus, present at the pseudo-synodus Maranensis (589);[3] and Felix II, who signed the petition to the Emperor Maurice (591).
Through the intercession of the elder Bishop Felix, the first bishop for whom there is authentic evidence, the city of Treviso was spared during the Lombard invasion of King Alboin (569) and became the seat of a duchy.[4]Charlemagne made the duchy a marquisate, extending from Belluno to Ceneda, and from the Adige to the Tagliamento.
In 922 Treviso, which was under episcopal jurisdiction, was sacked by the Hungarians.
In 905 Bishop Adelbert received from Berengar I of Italy the temporal jurisdiction of the city, which extended to Rozo (969–1001) and Rolando who adhered to the schism of Clement III. Bishop Tiso (1212–1245) suffered from the tyranny of Ezzelino III da Romano, and Alberto Ricco, O. M. (1255), was imprisoned for preaching against him.
Giuseppe Giapelli, appointed by the Austrian Government, but not recognized by the Holy See, so that the diocese remained in turmoil until the death of the candidate.
United with Treviso since 1440 is the ancient Diocese of Asolo, the bishops of which are unknown from 587 (Agnellus) until 1049 (Ugo); and the Diocese of Eraclea (diocese of Città Nova), a city founded in the times of the Byzantine emperor Heraclius, as a refuge for the inhabitants of Opitergium (Oderzo), who with their bishop (Magnus) had been exiled by the Lombards. Twenty-six bishops are known, from 814 until the union of the see with Treviso, 1440.[6]
Reorganization of 1751
In 1751, pressured both by Austria and Venice, who were exasperated by the numerous discords in the patriarchate of Aquileia, Pope Benedict XIV was compelled to intervene in the ecclesiastical and political disturbances. In the bull "Injuncta Nobis" of 6 July 1751, the patriarchate of Aquileia was completely suppressed, and in its place the Pope created two separate archdioceses, Udine and Goritza. The dioceses which had been suffragans of Aquileia and were under Venetian political control, Treviso among them, were assigned as suffragans of the new archdiocese of Udine.[7]
Post-Napoleonic reorganization
The violent expansionist military policies of the French Revolutionary Republic had brought confusion and dislocation to the Po Valley. Following the redistribution of European territories at the Congress of Vienna, the Papacy faced the difficult task of restoring and restructuring the Church in various territories, according to the wishes of their rulers. Padua and Venice were under the control of Austria, and therefore a Concordat had to be negotiated with the government of the Emperor Francis. One of the requirements of the Austrian government was the elimination of several metropolitanates and the suppression of a number of bishoprics which were no longer viable due to the bad climate (malaria and cholera) and the impoverishment of the dioceses due to migration and industrialization; it was expected that this would be done to the benefit of the Patriarchate of Venice.
Pope Pius VII, therefore, issued the bull "De Salute Dominici Gregis" on 1 May 1818, embodying the conclusions of arduous negotiations. The metropolitan archbishopric of Udine was abolished and its bishop made suffragan to Venice. The dioceses of Caprularum (Caorle) and Torcella were suppressed and their territories assigned to the Patriarchate of Venice; Belluno and Feltre were united under a single bishop, aeque personaliter, and assigned to Venice; Treviso became a suffragan of Venice.[8]
Bishop Grasser was particularly active in restoring the operation and good order of the diocesan seminary.[9]
Chapter and cathedral
In 1684, the cathedral Chapter was composed of three dignities and fifteen Canons; two of the Canons were designated the Theologus and the Penitentiarius.[10] In 1750, there were three dignities and eighteen Canons.[11] The dignities were: the Dean, the Archdeacon, and the Primicerius.[12] In 1862, the clergy of the cathedral included: the Dean, the Archdeacon, the Primicerius, and eleven Canons, five of which were vacant.[13]
To the cathedral was annexed the baptistry of S. Giovanni Battista, which was also a parish church. It had been incorporated with the cathedral, and had come under the administration of the Canons in 1188. It was the only baptistry in the city of Treviso and its suburbs until 1809.[14]
↑ Ughelli V, p. 490. J.D. Mansi (ed.), Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, editio novissima, Tomus nonus (Florence: A. Zatta 1763), pp. 1019-1020.
↑ Pius VII (1853). Andreas Barberi and Rinaldo Secreti (ed.). Bullarii Romani continuatio (in Latin). Vol.Tomus decimus quintus continens pontificatus Pii 7. annum decimum nonum ad vicesimum quartum. Roma. pp.36–40.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Cappelletti X, p. 808.
↑ Bishop Joannes is mentioned by Ughelli V, p. 489, by Gams, p. 803, and by Cappelletti X, p. 602, but, as Lanzoni, p. 903, remarks, there is not a single monument or document to show that Joannes existed: "non è appoggiato da alcun documento o monumento."
↑ Bishop Paulinus has the same pedigree as his predecessor, that is, none at all. This is admitted even by Ughelli, p. 489. Lanzoni, p. 903.
↑ Titianus was a real bishop from Capsa in Africa, but a plausible date or reason for his appearance in Treviso cannot be found. Ughelli, p. 491, note 1. Ughelli's quotation of an undated and unauthenticated memorial inscription of two other bishops does not help his argument. The appearance of African bishops, fleeing from Vandal persecution to Italy, and their being taken up as bishops in vacant Italian sees, is found in numerous other dioceses.
↑ Jocundus is named as Bishop of Treviso in the consecration of the Church of S. Giacomo on the Rialto in Venice. The name is part of the foundation legend of Venice, and is wildly anachronistic. Lanzoni, p. 903.
↑ Bishop Helviandus is said to have surrendered Treviso to Attila the Hun, thereby averting complete destruction. Ughelli V, p. 490, who cites no evidence, documentary or monumental. Cappelletti X, p. 602, names Totila rather than Attila. Bishops in Venosa and Ravenna did the same. Lanzoni, p. 903, states that there is no proof of the existence of Helviandus: "E come la leggenda ravennate ha rappresentato sotto le spoglie di Attila re Teodorico, che fu ricevuto in Ravenna dal vescovo Giovanni, così probabilmente la leggenda trivigiana ha trasformato in Attila o Totila re Alboino, e il vescovo storico Felice, che gli mosse incontro al Piave, in un Helviandus, della cui esistenza non si hanno prove."
↑ On 4 July 1209, Pope Innocent III ordered the acceptance of Bishop Ambrosius' resignation. Gams' date (p. 803, column 2) of 1201 is incorrect. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 479 with note 1.
↑ Gualterius was transferred to the diocese of Castello by Pope Alexander IV on 8 February 1255. Eubel I, pp. 171, 479-480.
↑ Following the transfer of Bishop Gualterius, there was a disputed election between Albertus and Bartholomeus Quirini, a priest of Venice. Albertus was provided (appointed) by Pope Alexander IV on 27 August 1255. Eubel I, p. 480 with note 2.
↑ Ubaldus had been Prior of S. Andrea de Insula, and then Bishop of Forlimpopuli (1321–1323). He died in 1336. Eubel I, pp. 254 with note 4; 480.
↑ Bishop Petrus was consecrated on 4 May 1336. Eubel I, p. 480.
↑ Joannes had been a Canon of York. He was appointed Bishop of Treviso by Pope Innocent VI on 18 April 1352. He was transferred to the diocese of Asti on 3 July 1355, and to the diocese of S. Jean de Maurienne on 11 August 1376. He died in 1381. Eubel I, pp. 104, 331, 480.
↑ A Canon of Padua, Azo was appointed on 3 July 1355 by Pope Innocent VI. He died on 17 July 1357. Eubel I, p. 480.
↑ Pileo was the nephew of Francesco da Carrara, Lord of Padua. He had been Archpriest of the cathedral of Padua. He was appointed Bishop of Treviso on 1 June 1358. He was transferred to the diocese of Padua by Pope Innocent VI on 12 June 1359. He was transferred to Ravenna in 1370, and was named a cardinal in 1378 by Urban VI. He renounced the Obedience of Urban VI in 1387, and joined the Avignon Obedience of Clement VII. Eubel I, pp. 386, 480.
↑ Pietro di Baone was a native of Padua. He served as parish priest (pievano) in Murano (1343–1347). He became a Canon of Treviso, and was appointed pievano of S. Giuliano in Venice. Cappelletti X, p. 657. Eubel I, p. 480.
↑ Benedetti had been a candidate for the bishopric of Treviso four times. In March 1416, the cathedral Chapter attempted to elect Giovanni Montoni, but he was not confirmed. On 8 March 1418, Pope Martin V appointed Benedetti as Bishop of Treviso. He died on 14 April 1437 in Bologna. Cappelletti X, pp. 671-674. Eubel I, p. 480.
↑ Barbo had been abbot of the monastery of S. Giustina. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica II, p. 248 with note 1.
↑ Barbo was appointed on 13 October 1443, by Pope Eugenius IV. He was transferred to the diocese of Verona on 16 November 1453, by Pope Nicholas V. He died in March 1471. Eubel II, pp. 248, 265.
↑ Marco Barbo was third cousin of Cardinal Pietro Barbo, who became Pope Paul II in 1464. Marco was named Bishop of Vicenza in succession to his cousin in 1464. He became a cardinal in 1467. Eubel II, p. 248.
↑ Teodoro had previously been Bishop of Feltre (1462–1464). Eubel II, pp. 153, 248.
↑ Riario was a nephew of Pope Sixtus IV, and the first person named a cardinal by Sixtus, on 16 December 1471. He held the diocese of Treviso in commendam; he was also Archbishop of Florence,Bishop of Sinigallia, Bishop of Metz, and Patriarch of Constantinople. He was named Bishop of Split. He died on 5 January 1474. Cappelletti X, p. 677. Eubel II, pp. 16, no. 1; 248; 249 note 1.
↑ Zanni was named Archbishop of Spalato (Split) in 1452. He had been Patriarch of Antioch. He was also given the diocese of Treviso, on 28 April 1473. He was transferred to the diocese of Brescia by Pope Sixtus IV on 27 February 1478. Cappelletti X, p. 677-680. Eubel II, p. 249.
↑ A native of Udine, D'Acri had been Master General of the Franciscans for a three-year term, then Archbishop of Spalato (Split) (1474–1475). He was then Franciscan Master General for a second term. He was then appointed Bishop of Treviso on 6 April 1478, and allowed to keep the title of Archbishop. He died on 15 February 1485. Cappelletti X, p. 682, errs in putting Dacri's death in 1483, followed by a two-year Sede vacante. Cappelletti X, pp. 680-682. Eubel II, p. 249.
↑ Franco had been Bishop of Parenzo in Istria (1477–1485). He was appointed Bishop of Treviso by Pope Innocent VIII on 21 February 1485. From 1486 to 1490, he was papal Nuncio in Venice. Cappelletti X, pp. 682-683. Eubel II, pp. 212, 249.
↑ A native of Parma, of the Counts of Berceto, Rossi had been Bishop of Belluno from 1487 to 1499. He was appointed Bishop of Treviso by Pope Alexander VI on 16 August 1499. He was Prefect of the city of Rome under Pope Leo X, and then Vice-Legate in Bologna. He died on 28 June 1527, at the age of 58. Cappelletti X, p. 683. Eubel II, p. 249.
↑ Giorgio Cornaro: Eubel III, p. 309. with notes 4 and 5.
↑ Francesco Cornaro was Bishop Giorgio Cornaro's nephew. He was 24 when appointed, and was therefore only Administrator for his first three years as Bishop of Treviso. He resigned on 13 November 1595, and was created a cardinal by Pope Innocent VIII on 5 June 1596. Cappelletti X, pp. 684-685. Eubel III, p. 309 with note 6.
↑ Molino had been Archbishop of Zara. He was appointed Bishop of Treviso on 13 November 1595. He attended the provincial synod of Aquileia, held in Udine from 19 to 28 October 1596. He died in Venice in 1604. Cappelletti X, p. 685. Gauchat, Hierarchia catholica IV, p. 329 with note 2.
↑ Born in Venice in 1636, Gradenigo held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure, and was a referendary (lawyer) in the Tribunal of the Two Signatures in the Roman Curia. He was appointed Bishop of Concordia Sagittaria (1667–1668). After less than four months, he was transferred to the diocese of Treviso on 27 February 1668. On 13 July 1682, Gradenigo was appointed Bishop of Brescia. He died in Venice on 29 July 1698. Ritzler and Sefrin, "Hierarchia catholica" V, pp. 127 with note 3; 168 with note 3; 370 with note 2.
↑ Sanudo: Ritzler and Sefrin V, p. 370 with note 3.
↑ Zacco: Ritzler and Sefrin V, p. 370 with note 5.
↑ Born in Venice in 1684, De Luca had been Bishop of Ceneda (1725–1739). He was appointed Bishop of Treviso on 22 June 1739. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VI, pp. 153 with note 6; 394 with note 2.
↑ Born in Venice in 1715, Giustiniani had been Bishop of Choggia (1744–1750). He was transferred to the diocese of Treviso on 16 November 1750. He resigned the diocese of Treviso, and was transferred to the titular diocese of Chalcedon (Turkey) on 10 March 1788. He died on 17 February 1789. Ritzler and Sefrin VI, pp. 169 with note 3; 394 with note 3.
↑ Born in Clissa in the diocese of Spalato (Split), Marin held the degree of Doctor in utroque iure (Padua 1788). He was Prior of the convent of S. Spirito in Bergamo, then abbot of the monastery of S. Maria della Carità in Venice. He was appointed Bishop of Treviso by Pope Pius VI on 7 April 1788. He died in Venice on 9 October 1817. Ritzler and Sefrin VI, p. 394 with note 4.
↑ A bishop was nominated by the Austrian government, but Pope Pius VII refused to confirm him "per le sue gravi e solenni violazioni dell' ecclesiastica disciplina." Cappelletti X, p. 694.
↑ Grasser was born at Glurns in the Tirol. He was nominated Bishop of Treviso by the Emperor Franz I, on 18 April 1822, and confirmed by Pope Pius VII on 2 December 1822. He was transferred to the diocese of Verona, by Pope Leo XII on 15 December 1828, on the nomination of the Emperor. He died on 22 November 1839. Cappelletti X, pp. 694-695. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, pp. 360, 394.
↑ Born in Padua in 1780, Soldati had been Primicerius of the cathedral Chapter of Treviso, and VIcar General of Bishop Grasser. He was nominated Bishop of Treviso by the Emperor Franz I, on 12 October 1828, and confirmed by Pope Pius VII on 18 May 1829. He died on 10 (or 11) December 1849, at the age of sixty-nine. Cappelletti X, pp. 695-696. Ritzler and Sefrin, Hierarchia catholica VII, pp. 360.
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