SM U-18

For other ships with the same name, see German submarine U-18.

SM U-18 (second row, second from the right)
History
Germany
Name	U-18
Ordered	May 6, 1910
Builder	Kaiserliche Werft Danzig
Cost	2,333,000 Goldmark
Yard number	12
Laid down	27 October 1910
Launched	25 April 1912
Commissioned	17 November 1912
Fate	Scuttled on 23 November 1914
General characteristics
Class & type	Type U 17 submarine
Displacement	564  t (555 long tons) surfaced 691 t (680 long tons) submerged
Length	62.35 m (204 ft 7 in)
Beam	6 m (19 ft 8 in)
Height	7.30 m (23 ft 11 in)
Draught	3.40 m (11 ft 2 in)
Propulsion	2 shafts 2 × 2 Körting 8-cylinder two stroke paraffin motors with 1,400 PS (1,030 kW; 1,380 shp) 2 × AEG electric motors with 1,120 PS (820 kW; 1,100 shp) 550 rpm surfaced 425 rpm submerged
Speed	14.9 knots (27.6 km/h; 17.1 mph) surfaced 9.5 knots (17.6 km/h; 10.9 mph) submerged
Range	6,700  nmi (12,400 km; 7,700 mi) at 8 kn surfaced 75 nmi (139 km; 86 mi) at 5 kn submerged
Test depth	50 m (164 ft 1 in)
Boats & landing craft carried	1 dingi
Complement	4 officers, 25 men
Armament	4 × 45 cm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes (2 each bow and stern) with 6 torpedoes
Service record
Part of:	II Flotilla 1 August – 23 November 1914
Commanders:	Kptlt. Heinrich von Henning [1] 1 August – 23 November 1914
Operations:	3 patrols
Victories:	None

SM U-18 ^{[Note 1]} was one of 329 submarines serving in the Imperial German Navy in World War I. U-18 engaged in the commerce warfare in the First Battle of the Atlantic.

Service history

Beginning in October 1914, she was commanded by Kaptlt. von Hennig. ^[2]

On her third mission, on 23 November U-18 penetrated the fleet anchorage of Scapa Flow via Hoxa Sound, following a steamer through the boom and entering the anchorage with little difficulty. However, the fleet was absent, being dispersed in anchorages on the west coast of Scotland and Ireland. As U-18 was making her way back out through Hoxa Sound to the open sea, her periscope was spotted by a guard boat. The trawler Dorothy Gray altered course and rammed the periscope, rendering it unserviceable. U-18 then suffered a failure of her diving plane motor and the boat became unable to maintain her depth, at one point even impacting the seabed. She was rammed a second time by destroyer HMS Garry and eventually, her captain was forced to surface and scuttle his command just outside the Hoxa Gate; all crew members, except one, were picked up by British boats. ^{[3] [4]} One crew member perished, while the remaining 22 were interned as prisoners of war. ^[5]

The wreck lies 75 m (246 ft) below the surface just outside the Hoxa Gate, at 58°41′N02°55′W / 58.683°N 2.917°W / 58.683; -2.917 . ^[6]

References

Notes

1. "SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" (English: His Majesty's) and combined with the U for Unterseeboot would be translated as His Majesty's Submarine.

Citations

1. Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Heinrich von Henning". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
2. Koerver, Hans Joachim (2008). Room 40: German Naval Warfare 1914-1918.
3. Messimer, Dwight R. (2002). Verschollen: World War I U-boat Losses. Naval Institute Press. pp. 36–40. ISBN   9781557504753.
4. Koerver.
5. Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boats: U 18". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
6. Willmott, H.P. (2009). The Last Century of Sea Power: From Port Arthur to Chanak, 1894-1922. Indiana University Press. p. 376. ISBN   9780253352149.

Bibliography

• Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN   0-85177-593-4.
• Spindler, Arno (1966) [1932]. Der Handelskrieg mit U-Booten. 5 Vols. Berlin: Mittler & Sohn. Vols. 4+5, dealing with 1917+18, are very hard to find: Guildhall Library, London, has them all, also Vol. 1-3 in an English translation: The submarine war against commerce.
• Beesly, Patrick (1982). Room 40: British Naval Intelligence 1914-1918. London: H Hamilton. ISBN   978-0241108642.
• Halpern, Paul G. (1995). A Naval History of World War I. New York: Routledge. ISBN   978-1857284980.
• Roessler, Eberhard (1997). Die Unterseeboote der Kaiserlichen Marine. Bonn: Bernard & Graefe. ISBN   978-3763759637.
• Schroeder, Joachim (2002). Die U-Boote des Kaisers. Bonn: Bernard & Graefe. ISBN   978-3763762354.
• Koerver, Hans Joachim (2008). Room 40: German Naval Warfare 1914-1918. Vol I., The Fleet in Action. Steinbach: LIS Reinisch. ISBN   978-3-902433-76-3.
• Koerver, Hans Joachim (2009). Room 40: German Naval Warfare 1914-1918. Vol II., The Fleet in Being. Steinbach: LIS Reinisch. ISBN   978-3-902433-77-0.
• Kemp, Paul (1997). U-boats destroyed, German submarine losses in the World Wars. London: Arms & Armour Press. p. 9. ISBN   1-85409-321-5.

External links

• Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boats: U 18". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net.
• Room 40: Archived 2018-10-15 at the Wayback Machine original documents, photos and maps about World War I German submarine warfare and British Room 40 Intelligence from The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, UK.