SYNJ2

Last updated
SYNJ2
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases SYNJ2 , INPP5H, synaptojanin 2
External IDs OMIM: 609410; MGI: 1201671; HomoloGene: 117703; GeneCards: SYNJ2; OMA:SYNJ2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001178088
NM_003898

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001171559
NP_003889

Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 157.98 – 158.1 Mb Chr 17: 5.99 – 6.09 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Synaptojanin 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYNJ2 gene. [5]

Contents

Function

The gene is a member of the inositol-polyphosphate 5-phosphatase family. The encoded protein interacts with the ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, which causes translocation of the encoded protein to the plasma membrane where it inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010].

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Synaptojanin is a protein involved in vesicle uncoating in neurons. This is an important regulatory lipid phosphatase. It dephosphorylates the D-5 position phosphate from phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) and Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate(PIP2). It belongs to family of 5-phosphatases, which are structurally unrelated to D-3 inositol phosphatases like PTEN. Other members of the family of 5'phosphoinositide phosphatases include OCRL, SHIP1, SHIP2, INPP5J, INPP5E, INPP5B, INPP5A and SKIP.

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SacI homology domain is most notably found at the amino terminal of the inositol 5'-phosphatase synaptojanin. Synaptic vesicles are recycled with remarkable speed and precision in nerve terminals. A major recycling pathway involves clathrin-mediated endocytosis at endocytic zones located around sites of release. Different 'accessory' proteins linked to this pathway have been shown to alter the shape and composition of lipid membranes, to modify membrane-coat protein interactions, and to influence actin polymerization. These include the GTPase dynamin, the lysophosphatidic acid acyl transferase endophilin, and the phosphoinositide phosphatase synaptojanin.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000078269 Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000023805 Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "Entrez Gene: Synaptojanin 2".

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.