Saumlaki | |
---|---|
Town | |
Location in Maluku Islands and Indonesia | |
Coordinates: 07°58′30″S131°18′27″E / 7.97500°S 131.30750°E | |
Country | Indonesia |
Province | Maluku |
Regency | Tanimbar Islands Regency |
District | South Tanimbar |
Area | |
• Town proper | 12.39 km2 (4.78 sq mi) |
• Urban | 82.12 km2 (31.71 sq mi) |
Population | |
• Town proper | 13,849 |
• Urban | 25,161 |
Time zone | UTC+9 (IEST) |
Postcode | 97464 |
Area code | (+62) 918 |
Saumlaki is a town in Tanimbar Islands Regency, Indonesia. It is the seat of Tanimbar Islands Regency, as well as the biggest town in the island of Yamdena. Previously a small village, it has grown to a relatively sizeable town due to its political status as a regency seat. Most of the regency's infrastructure is concentrated in Saumlaki. The administrative location of the town is in the kelurahan (urban village) of Saumlaki, inside South Tanimbar District. The urban settlement extends outside of the administrative boundaries to surrounding communities such as the villages of Olilit and Sifnana. [1]
The town of Saumlaki does not have a legal administrative boundary. However, the urban population is concentrated in the kelurahan of Saumlaki, which is the town proper. The town extends outside of the proper kelurahan to the neighbouring Olilit and Sifnana, with which it shares a peninsula in the east of Tanimbar Selatan District. The soil formation in the town consists of limestone formed from dead corals as well as relatively young sediments. [2]
The town has an average annual rainfall of 1,752 mm (69.0 in) with the highest amount of rainfall in January and the lowest in August. Between April and September, the wind comes from Australia, and is generally drier and causes less rainfall than usual. The average temperature of the town is between 25 and 28 degrees Celsius, with December being the hottest month. [2]
The main economic sources of the town are agriculture and fishery, including cassava, water spinach, banana, coconut, and pineapple. Livestock farming, mainly of chickens and pigs, also contributes to the economy. About 2,208 tons of fish were caught from waters around Saumlaki in 2020.
Further economic potential comes from natural gas exploration, especially Masela Bloc, located 300 km (190 mi) from the Saumlaki. The bloc is expected to be managed by Inpex's child company Inpex Masela and production is expected to begin around 2027. [3] [4] However, disagreements over local government ownership of the project have delayed the project. There have been some controversies surrounding the exploration, especially regarding the local government's participation interest that would be obliged to own minimum 10% of production's ownership. The regency government expected to supposedly own 5.6% from the 10% participation interest, but the provincial government in Ambon expected it to be just 3% while the rest would be divided equally to all regencies in the Maluku province. [5] This has caused ongoing conflict between the provincial government and the regency government over the ownership of the company's 10% minimum obliged by the law. [6]
There are five elementary schools in Saumlaki subdistrict, three in Olilit, and two in Sifnana. There are two junior high schools in Saumlaki, three in Olilit, and one in Sifnana, while the numbers of senior high schools in the town are two in Saumlaki, one in Olilit, and one in Sifnana. There are also four vocational high schools: two in Saumlaki, and one each in Olilit and Sifnana.
In addition, there are three higher education institutions registered with the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology: Saumlaki College of Economy, Saumlaki College of Administration, and Saumlaki Teaching College. All three colleges are private and owned by Rumpun Lelemuku Saumlaki Higher Learning Foundation. [7]
There are other higher education institutions in the town, but they are not accredited or registered with the Ministry of Education and residents of the town have been urged to avoid enrolling there as they have no legal standing. [7] The creation of illegal and unregistered colleges in the town has been described by the General Chief of Private College Coordinator, who oversees private colleges under the government, as "like mushrooms growing in the rainy season" and a serious problem to the town. [8] Residents have criticized these colleges for spreading pamphlets around the town for recruitment and causing confusion among parents. [8]
There are two hospitals in the town, Fatima Hospital located in Saumlaki kelurahan and Dr. P. P. Magretti Saumlaki Regional Hospital located in Olilit. There are also two puskesmas, of which one has inpatient care facilities, and 9 registered pharmacies. The Dr. P. P. Magretti Saumlaki Regional Hospital is a public hospital owned by the regency government and is classified as a D-class hospital by the Ministry of Health. It is the larger of the two hospitals [9] Fatima Hospital is privately owned and also classified as D-class. [10]
Public transportation in the town consists of angkot that have regular tracks regulated by the regency government. [11] The town is served by the small port of Saumlaki, which has regular routes to neighbouring towns such as Dobo in Aru Islands Regency. [12] In 2021, the Indonesian Navy built a new naval base in the town which includes bigger port facilities capable of handling ships of to 12,000GT. [13] The town was previously served by Olilit Airport, which was later replaced with the bigger Mathilda Batlayeri Airport. [14] The airport served around 24,000 passengers in 2020, both in departures and arrivals. The town is also connected through the Sea Toll Program for passengers and movement of basic goods. [15]
The town is the only place in the district that has banks, which include four state-owned banks, two private banks, and one people's credit bank (BPR).
The Tanimbar Islands, also called Timur Laut, are a group of about 65 islands in the Maluku province of Indonesia. The largest and most central of the islands is Yamdena; others include Selaru to the southwest of Yamdena, Larat and Fordata to the northeast, Maru and Molu to the north, and Seira, Wuliaru, Selu, Wotap and Makasar to the west. The Indonesian phrase timur laut means "east of the sea" or "northeast".
Maluku is a province of Indonesia. It comprises the central and southern regions of the Maluku Islands. The largest city and capital of Maluku province is Ambon on the small Ambon Island. It is directly adjacent to North Maluku, Southwest Papua, and West Papua in the north, Central Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi in the west, Banda Sea, Australia, East Timor and East Nusa Tenggara in the south and Arafura Sea, Central Papua and South Papua in the east. The land area is 46,150.92 km2, and the total population of this province at the 2010 census was 1,533,506 people, rising to 1,848,923 at the 2020 census. The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 1,881,727. Maluku is located in Eastern Indonesia.
The following table indicates declared Indonesian government national holidays. Cultural variants also provide opportunity for holidays tied to local events. Beside official holidays, there are the so-called "libur bersama" or "cuti bersama", or joint leave(s) declared nationwide by the government. In total there are 16 public holidays every year.
Ternate, also known as the City of Ternate, is a city in the Indonesian province of North Maluku and an island in the Maluku Islands. It was the de facto provincial capital of North Maluku before Sofifi on the nearby coast of Halmahera became the capital in 2010. It is off the west coast of Halmahera, and is composed of eight islands: Ternate, the biggest and main island of the city, and Moti, Hiri, Tifure, Mayau, Makka, Mano, and Gurida. In total, the city has a land area of 162.17 square kilometres and had a total population of 185,705 according to the 2010 census, and 205,001 according to the 2020 census, with a density of 1,264 people per square kilometre; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 206,745. It is the biggest and most densely populated city in the province, is the economic, cultural, and education center of North Maluku, and acts as a hub to neighbouring regions. It was the capital of the Sultanate of Ternate in the 15th and 16th centuries, and fought against the Sultanate of Tidore over control of the spice trade in the Moluccas before becoming a main interest to competing European powers.
Palu, officially known as the City of Palu, is the capital and largest city of Central Sulawesi. Palu is located on the northwestern coast of Sulawesi and borders Donggala Regency to the north and west, Parigi Moutong Regency to the east, and Sigi Regency to the south. The city boundaries encompass a land area of 395.06 km2 (152.53 sq mi). According to the 2020 Indonesian census, Palu has a population of 373,218, making it the third-most populous city on the island after Makassar and Manado; the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 377,030. Palu is the center of finance, government, and education in Central Sulawesi, as well as one of several major cities on the island. The city hosts the province's main port, its biggest airport, and most of its public universities.
Kotabaru Regency is one of the eleven regencies in the Indonesian province of South Kalimantan. It consists of two parts; the smaller but more populated part comprises Laut Island, the largest island off the coast of Kalimantan, together with the smaller Sebuku Island off Laut Island's east coast and even smaller islands nearby; the larger but less populated part consists of districts on the mainland of Kalimantan. The regency as a whole has an area of 9,480.17 km2, and had a population of 290,142 at the 2010 Census and 325,622 at the 2020 Census. The official estimate as at mid 2022 was 334,158, of whom 178,660 were in the insular part and 155,498 in the mainland part of the regency. The regency seat is located at the large town of Kotabaru at the northern tip of Laut Island.
Bontang is a city on the eastern coast of the island of Borneo in Indonesia, in the province of East Kalimantan. It occupies an area of 161.88 km2 (62.50 sq mi), and the population was 140,787 at the 2010 census, and 178,917 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2021 was 180,843. It is also the third most densely populated place in the province after Balikpapan and Samarinda.
Rote Ndao Regency is a regency in East Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia, consisting primarily of the island of Rote, situated south-west of the western tip of West Timor with an area of 978.54 km2, together with minor offshore islands including Usu, Ndana, Ndao, Landu and Nuse; the total area including the minor offshore islands is 1,280.10 km2. The regency seat is in the village of Ba'a, which is situated in Lobalain District. The population of the Regency was 119,908 as of the 2010 census and 143,764 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 148,811.
Penajam North Paser Regency is a regency in the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan. Its administrative centre is the town of Penajam. The area which now forms Penajam North Paser was part of Paser Regency until its creation as a separate regency on 10 April 2002. It covers an area of 3,333.06 km2 and it had 142,922 inhabitants at the 2010 census and 178,681 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 183,043. Penajam North Paser Regency has the smallest area among the seven regencies in East Kalimantan province.
South Barito Regency is a regency in Central Kalimantan province of Indonesia. On 10 April 2002 the eastern districts were split off to create a new East Barito Regency, while the residual South Barito District has an area of 7,020 km2. The regency seat is located in town of Buntok, located in South Dusun district. The population of South Barito Regency was 124,128 at the 2010 Census and 131,140 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 131,997 ).
Gunung Mas Regency is one of the thirteen regencies of Central Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. The regency seat is located at the town of Kuala Kurun in Kurun District. The population of Gunung Mas Regency was 96,900 at the 2010 census ; and 135,373 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 142,309.
The Talaud Islands Regency is a regency of North Sulawesi province, Indonesia. The Talaud Islands form an archipelago situated to the north-east of Sulawesi, with a land area of 1,251.02 km2. It had a population of 83,434 at the 2010 Census, increasing to 94,521 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 95,545. The largest island is Karakelong, on which lies the regency seat in the town of Melonguane. To its south lie the islands of Salibabu and Kabaruan, while the Nanusa group lies to the northeast of Karakelong, and Miangas island is situated midway between Karakelong and the Philippines. It is one of the three regencies to the north of North Sulawesi that are located between Sulawesi and the Philippines, along with the Sitaro Islands Regency and Sangihe Islands Regency; originally these formed a single regency, but on 110 April 2002 the Talaud Islands were split off to form their own Regency. The island of Miangas is the most northerly island in the regency and widely regarded as the northernmost point of Indonesia. As the result, it is often referenced to describe the territorial integrity of Indonesia in various patriotic statements and songs together with Sabang, Merauke, and Rote Island.
Southeast Maluku Regency is a regency of Maluku, Indonesia. It is coincident with the Kei Islands, except that the city of Tual, although within the Kei Islands geographically and the seat of the Regency's administration, is since 17 July 2007 technically independent of the Regency. The land area of the Regency is 1,016.64 km2, while the sea area administered by the Regency was 3,181 km2; it had a population of 96,442 at the 2010 Census; this increased to 121,511 at the 2020 Census, and the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 124,199.
Southwest Maluku Regency is a regency of Maluku Province, Indonesia. Geographically it forms the most eastern portion of the Lesser Sunda Islands, although it has never been administratively included with them, and politically has always comprised a part of the Maluku Province. It comprises a number of islands and island groups in the south of the province, including Lirang Island, Wetar Island, Kisar Island, Romang Island, the Letti Islands, the Damer Islands, Mdona Hyera and the Babar Islands.
Tanimbar Islands Regency is a regency of Maluku province, Indonesia, consisting primarily of the Tanimbar Islands. The Regency covers a land area of 10,102 km2, and it had a population of 105,341 at the 2010 Census and 123,572 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2022 was 124,787. The principal town and administrative centre lies at Saumlaki in Tanimbar Selatan District.
Tanjung Selor is the capital of both the North Kalimantan province in Indonesia, and of the Bulungan Regency. It is among provincial capitals in Indonesia that as of 2021 does not yet have city status, together with Mamuju in West Sulawesi, Sofifi in North Maluku, Nabire in Central Papua, Wamena in Highland Papua, Merauke in South Papua, and Manokwari in West Papua. The district has an area of 677.77 km2 and had a population of 39,439 at the 2010 Census and 56,569 at the 2020 Census.
Tual is a city in Maluku Province of Indonesia, geographically located within the Kei Islands. On 17 July 2007, it was separated from the rest of the Kei Islands and was created an independent city.
Mathilda Batlayeri Airport is an airport located in Amfutu, Tumbur Village, Wertamrian district, Tanimbar Islands Regency, Maluku, Indonesia. The airport replaced the old Olilit Airport to the south, which has fallen into disuse. The airport is named after Mathilda Batlayeri, a heroine originating from Tanimbar Islands who died at South Kalimantan in 1953 while fighting the Darul Islam rebel movement. Construction of the airport started in 2005. The airport began operation on 9 May 2014 after years of delay of construction of the airport. The airport currently can only accommodate airplanes up to the ATR-72, since the runway currently only has a length of 1.850 m. However, the government is planning to extend the runway to 2,500 m in 2019. The runway would also be widened to 45 m from the current 30 m <. This would allow the airport to accommodate larger aircraft such as the Boeing 737, Fokker 100 and the Airbus A320.
A moment magnitude 7.5–7.6 earthquake struck offshore near the Tanimbar Islands, Maluku, Indonesia, at a depth of 105.1 km, on 10 January 2023.
Tiakur is a kelurahan and the regency seat of Southwest Maluku Regency in Maluku, Indonesia. The town was purposely built as the capital of the Southwest Maluku Regency following its creation in 2008. It was created as the result of a political debate during the creation of the regency, although smaller than the larger and more developed town of the regency, Wonreli on Kisar Island. The town is located mainly within the boundaries of Tiakur kelurahan, with a population of 4,227 as of 2022.
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