Schoenus crinitus

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Schoenus crinitus
S crinitus hairy-1.jpg
Downy veldrush
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Cyperaceae
Genus: Schoenus
Species:
S. crinitus
Binomial name
Schoenus crinitus
T.L.Elliott & Muasya
S crinitus-map.pdf
Documented collection localities in South Africa

Schoenus crinitus is a species of sedge endemic to the Worcester region of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. [1]

Contents

Description

Similar to Schoenus adnatus , Schoenus gracillimus and Schoenus schonlandii , the inflorescence of S. crinitus has few, dispersed spikelets. [1] The spikelets of S. crinitus are not pendulous (hanging), such as often occurs in S. gracillimus. [1]

Schoenus crinitus is a more hairy and rigid species compared to S. adnatus and S. gracillimus. [1] As opposed to S. adnatus, S. crinitus does not have spikelet receptacles that are adnate to the basal glume (bract). [1]

Schoenus lucidus and Schoenus neovillosus also have hairy spikelets and culms (flowering stems), but the spikes of these two species are appressed between the two major bracts of the inflorescence. [1] In contrast, the inflorescence bracts of S. crinitus are relatively narrow and the inflorescences display more lateral branching. [1] Another major difference is that the culms of S. crinitus have deeper ridges compared to the nearly round culms of S. lucidus and S. neovillosus. [1]

The tendency of southern African Schoenus to form hybrids with each other might partially explain some of the difficulties in identifying them. [1] [2] Recent research shows that S. crinitus is likely diploid and not of recent polyploid origin. [3]

Taxonomy

Schoenus crinitus is a species in family Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae. [4] [5] [6] This tribe includes other notable genera such as Costularia , Gahnia , Lepidosperma , Oreobolus and Tetraria . Phylogenetic and morphological evidence suggests that the closest relative to S. crinitus are species in the Epischoenus group. [1] [5]

The genus Tetraria once included species from the southern African Schoenus; however, we now know that the two groups are evolutionary distinct based on morphological and molecular differences. [7] Several species of Epischoenus and the southern African Tetraria were transferred into Schoenus to ensure that the genus is monophyletic (i.e. the genus only has closely related species). [7] In the field, the main distinguishing characters between Tetraria and Schoenus are the lack of stem leaves and absence of reticulate sheaths at the bases of the flowering stems in the latter genus. [7]

Distribution and habitat

Schoenus crinitus is known only from the mountain slopes of the Worcester region in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. [1]

Related Research Articles

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Schoenus pictus is a species of sedge endemic to the Western Cape Province of South Africa. It is a species usually found on mountain slopes.

<i>Schoenus megacarpus</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus graminifolius</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus bracteosus</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus triticoides</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus crassus</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus riparius</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus galpinii</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus dregeanus</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus adnatus</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus adnatus is a species of sedge endemic to mountainous locations in southern regions of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus complanatus</i> Species of grass-like plant

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<i>Schoenus schonlandii</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus schonlandii is a species of sedge endemic to locations near the southern coast of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus gracillimus</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus gracillimus is a species of sedge endemic to the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus lucidus</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus lucidus is a species of sedge endemic to the western mountains of the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus neovillosus</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus neovillosus is a species of sedge endemic to the south-western mountains of the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus brunnescens</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus brunnescens is a species of sedge endemic to the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus graciliculmis</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus graciliculmis is a species of sedge endemic to regions of the southern Eastern Cape Province and nearby regions of the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus rigidus</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus rigidus is a species of sedge endemic to locations near central regions of the southern coast of South Africa.

<i>Schoenus selinae</i> Species of grass-like plant

Schoenus selinae is a species of sedge endemic to the Western Cape Province and western areas of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Elliott, T.L.; Muasya, A.M. (2020). "A taxonomic revision of the Epischoenus group of Schoenus (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae)". South African Journal of Botany. 135: 296–316. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2020.08.029 .
  2. ↑ Levyns, M. (1947). "Tetraria and related genera, with special reference to the flora of the Cape Peninsula". Journal of South African Botany. 13: 73–93.
  3. ↑ Elliott, T.L.; Muasya, A.M.; Bureš, P. (2022). "Complex patterns of ploidy in a holocentric plant clade (Schoenus, Cyperaceae) in the Cape biodiversity hotspot". Annals of Botany. doi:10.1016/10.1093/aob/mcac027.
  4. ↑ Elliott, T.L.; Barrett, R.L.; Muasya, A.M. (2019). "A taxonomic revision of Schoenus cuspidatus and allies (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae)—Part 1". South African Journal of Botany. 121: 519–535. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2018.11.021 .
  5. 1 2 Viljoen, J.-A.; Muasya, A.M.; Barrett, R.L.; Bruhl, J.J.; Gibbs, A.K.; Slingsby, J.A.; Wilson, K. L.; Verboom, G.A. (2013). "Radiation and repeated transoceanic dispersal of Schoeneae (Cyperaceae) through the southern hemisphere". American Journal of Botany. 100 (12): 2494–2508. doi:10.3732/ajb.1300105.
  6. ↑ Larridon, I.; Bauters, K.; Semmouri, I.; Viljoen, J.-A.; Prychid, C.J.; Muasya, A.M.; Bruhl, J.J.; Wilson, K.L.; Senterre, B.; Goetghebeur, P. (2018). "Molecular phylogenetics of the genus Costularia (Schoeneae, Cyperaceae) reveals multiple distinct evolutionary lineages". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 126: 196–209. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.016.
  7. 1 2 3 Elliott, T.L.; Muasya, A.M. (2017). "Taxonomic realignment in the southern African Tetraria (Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae; Schoenus clade)". South African Journal of Botany. 112: 354–360. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2017.06.011 .
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