Scientology: A History of Man

Scientology: A History of Man
	1960s edition
Author	L. Ron Hubbard
Original title	What To Audit
Language	English
Publisher	Scientific Press: Phoenix, Arizona
Publication date	1952
Publication place	United States
Media type	Print

Last updated July 06, 2024

Scientology: A History of Man is a book by L. Ron Hubbard, first published in 1952 under the title What to Audit by the Scientific Press of Phoenix.^[1] According to the author, it provides "a coldblooded and factual account of your last sixty trillion years." It has gone through many editions since its first publication and is a key text of the Church of Scientology. The book has been ridiculed by critics of Scientology for its unusual writing style and pseudoscientific claims; it has been described as "a slim pretense at scientific method ... blended with a strange amalgam of psychotherapy, mysticism and pure science fiction; mainly the latter."^[2]

Publication history

According to Christopher Evans (citing auditor Perry Chapdelaine), the book originated in Scientology auditing sessions held in Wichita, Kansas in early 1952. Chapdelaine said that Hubbard would "settle himself on a couch with a tape recorder handy and an 'auditor' who would be expected to provide appropriate feedback. In no time a flow of introspection - like the free association characteristic of a psychoanalytic session - would begin."^[3]

In a different account, Hubbard's son, L. Ron Hubbard Jr. (otherwise known as "Nibs," or Ronald DeWolf) and Hubbard senior's medical officer, Jim Dincalci, have both stated that the book's content originated when Hubbard fed his son amphetamines:

[Hubbard] gave his son Nibs some amphetamines, and Nibs started talking, he said, started really going talking fast, from the speed. And he kept talking, he kept talking, and his dad kept giving him speed and all of a sudden he was talking about his history, when he was a clam and all these different situations in early Earth. And out of that came History of Man.^[4]

This material was first released as four lectures which Hubbard delivered to Scientologists on March 10, 1952. Further lectures followed in Phoenix, Arizona in April, and in July 1952 the book What to audit; a list and description of the principal incidents to be found in a human being was published by the Phoenix-based "Scientific Press" - an imprint established by Hubbard. The same book was published under the title A History of Man by the London-based Hubbard Association of Scientologists. It was reissued in two substantially modified editions, in 1968 (minus chapter 11 of the original book and under the current title of Scientology: A History of Man), in 1988, and again in 2007, this time with a set of lectures expanding on the content.^[5]^{[ failed verification ]}

Since 1968, the book's jacket has displayed a picture of a hirsute, unkempt "caveman" dressed in a fur, eating the raw meat from a thigh bone of an animal. This appears to refer to one of the past-life incidents described by Hubbard in the book.^{[ citation needed ]} Many Scientology books have similar curious pictures on their jackets; according to former Scientologist Bent Corydon, their purpose is to restimulate past-life memories and make the book irresistible to purchasers. Corydon states,

A special "Book Mission" was sent out to promote these books, now empowered and made irresistible by the addition of these supposedly overwhelming symbols or images. Organization staff were assured that if they simply held up one of the books, revealing its cover, that any bookstore owner would immediately order crateloads of them. A customs officer, seeing any of the book covers in one's luggage, would immediately pass one on through.^[6]^: 361

Synopsis

As the original title suggests, What to Audit / A History of Man was written as a guide for Scientologist auditors, pointing out various Space opera incidents said to occur in all past lives.^{[ citation needed ]}

The book proposes that the human body houses two separate entities. The most important is a thetan, said by Hubbard to be the true self of a person, accompanied by a genetic entity, or 'GE': "a sort of low-grade soul" located more or less in the centre of the body, and which passes to another body when the current body dies.^[2]

Key incidents

The book describes numerous incidents that, according to Hubbard, occurred to the thetan or the genetic entity in past lives. Although commonly misinterpreted as an alternative theory of evolution, the purpose of the incidents list is that individuals have subconscious memories of past lives as clams, sloths, and cavemen, and that those memories result in neuroses, known as 'engrams'. These stages of biological history, some typified by an animal and others typified by other items, were marked by traumatic incidents which have to be "run out" using an E-meter.

Hubbard emphasized that these incidents are not limited to the list below: for example, he notes "there are many steps and incidents between the Birds and the Sloth". The list arbitrarily names some incidents that Hubbard found particularly worth commenting on:

The Atom, "complete with electronic rings". According to Hubbard: "There seems to be a 'hole in space' immediately ahead of the Atom", which generates a particular state of mind in a person.
The Cosmic Impact, based on the premise that "As physicists tell us, cosmic rays enter the body in large numbers and occasionally explode in the body. Very early on the track the impact of a cosmic ray and its explosion is very destructive to the existing organism".
The Photon Converter: essentially an early photosynthetic organism such as an alga or plankton. Hubbard deemed the Photon Converter to be responsible for fears of "light and dark, the storms of the sea, the fight to keep from rolling into the surf".
The Helper, an incident of mitosis (cell division) in some unnamed organism which was "a confusing area for the [genetic entity] which therein has much cause for misidentification".
The Clam, one of a number of incidents between The Helper and The Weeper. The others include seaweed and "jellyfish incidents [which] are quite remarkable for their occasional aberrative force". Encounters between jellyfish and cave walls are held to be responsible for the emergence of "a shell as in the clam". The Clam itself is "a deadly incident" involving a "scalloped-lip, white- shelled creature" which suffered from a severe split personality or "double-hinge problem. One hinge wishes to stay open, the other tries to close, thus conflict occurs". According to Hubbard, the hinges of the Clam "later become the hinges of the human jaw" and the Clam's method of reproduction in spores is said to be responsible for toothache. In one of the most famous passages of the book, Hubbard advised that

Should you desire to confirm this, describe to some uninitiated person the death of a clam without saying what you are describing. "Can you imagine a clam sitting on the beach, opening and closing its shell very rapidly?" (Make a motion with your thumb and forefinger of a rapid opening and closing). The victim may grip his jaws with his hand and feel quite upset. He may even have to have a few teeth pulled: At the very least he will argue as to whether or not the shell stays open at the end or closed. And he will, with no hint of the death aspect of it, talk about the "poor clam" and he will feel quite sad emotionally.

He goes on to warn the reader that "your discussion of these incidents with the uninitiated in Scientology can cause havoc. Should you describe the "clam" to someone, you may restimulate it in him to the extent of causing severe jaw pain. One such victim, after hearing about a clam death, could not use his jaws for three days".

The Weeper/Boohoo incident deals with a mollusk that rolled in the surf for half a million years, pumping sea water from its shell as it breathed. Weepers had 'trillions of misadventures', whereof the principal was the anxiety of inhalation before the next wave. 'The inability of a pre-clear to cry,' Hubbard explained, 'is partly a hang-up in the Weeper. He is about to be hit by a wave, has his eyes full of sand or is frightened about opening his shell because he may be hit.'
The Volcanoes occurred at several points: violent volcanic eruptions which choked the genetic entity's host organism with sulphurous smoke. Hubbard suggests that these eruptions hastened the progress of evolution, "for there is a lack of real reason why this evolution should not be continuing on even today." Volcanoes, believed by Scientologists to be used by Xenu to murder billions of thetans, are a prominent symbol frequently used in Scientology.
Being Eaten is the next class of incident on the list. "In that so many fish and animals were equipped with so many teeth, it is inevitable that somebody somewhere on the track would have been eaten." Numerous engrams, therefore, depict this experience. Technique 80 is recommended by Hubbard for dealing with these problems. "Few auditors, in the absence of Technique 80, have been able to run these incidents".
The Birds were a traumatic incident caused when "birds of a very crude construction developed a taste for clams". As a result of bird attacks on ancestral clams, modern man suffers from "falling sensations, indecision and other troubles."
"The Sloth", says Hubbard, "is a chain of incidents and misadventures" covered under this general name. According to Hubbard, the Sloth was "slow and easily attacked and he had bad times falling out of trees when hit by snakes, falling off cliffs when attacked by baboons."
The Ape is the name of the next incident, by which time the genetic entity was inhabiting an "agile and intelligent" host. "The Ape is usually an area of overt acts against animals and incidents of protecting young". (pg.54)
The Piltdown Man was "a creature not an ape, yet not entirely a Man"; similar but not identical to the hoax of Piltdown Man. It resulted in a variety of psychological conditions in modern humans, including "obsessions about biting efforts to hide the mouth and early familial troubles." The Piltdown Man was characterized by "freakish acts of strange 'logic,' of demonstrating dangerous on one's fellows, of eating one's wife, and other illogical activities. The PILTDOWN teeth were ENORMOUS and he was quite careless as to whom and what he bit and often very much surprised at the resulting damage."
The Caveman was the final stage of evolution prior to modern man, at which "one crippled one's woman to keep her [at home] or poisoned one's man for having kept her there.". Memories of this era were responsible, in Hubbard's view, for "any condition of interpersonal relationships" such as "jealousy and overt acts around it, strangling, smashing in heads with rocks, quarrels about homes, tribal rebukes, pack instincts."

Hubbard also described numerous incidents of "implanting" by hostile alien races, which caused traumatic memories in the thetan. This formed part of an elaborate cosmology of alien civilizations, interstellar dictators, and brainwashing implants - collectively described as "Space opera". In any incident, the thetan might be either protagonist, or victim.

The "Halver" gave sexual compulsion, mixed with religious compulsion.
Facsimile One "when audited out of a long series of people, was found to eradicate such things as asthma, sinus trouble, chronic chills and a host of other ills".^[7] Facsimile One is described as closing down the Pineal gland which Descartes described as the "principle[ sic ] seat of the soul"^[8] and is also associated with the third eye in Hinduism.

The book's role in Scientology

As Hubbard himself said in the book, A History of Man was written as a technical aid for experienced Scientologists. According to ex-Scientologist Jon Atack, "The material in the book is hardly encountered in contemporary auditing, but is still required reading for the second secret "OT" level of Scientology."^[2] However, Scientology: A History of Man is part of The Basics Books and Lectures Collection of materials,^[9] and as such, is required reading for the current Scientology Class VI Auditor Course.^[10] It has apparently been required reading for Level A of the Saint Hill Special Briefing Course (another name for Class VI) at least since 1981, as shown by the course curriculum of that date.^[11]

Christopher Evans notes that the book "marks a transition point at which the technically oriented Dianetics became the philosophically oriented Scientology."^[3]

Critical views

A History of Man has attracted a good deal of comment from critical reviewers and analysts of Scientology. As Marco Frenschkowski notes, it is a "very strange book easily ridiculed".^[12] Ex-Scientologist Jon Atack describes it as "among the most bizarre of Hubbard's works, [which] deserves the cult status that some truly dreadful science fiction movies have achieved".^[2] The Anderson Report of 1965 comments that "To say it is an astonishing document does not adequately convey the peculiar qualities or contents of "The History of Man ... For compressed nonsense and fantasy it must surpass anything theretofore written."^[13] Hubbard's unofficial biographer Russell Miller describes it in similar terms as "one of Hubbard's most bizarre works and possibly the most absurd book ever written", which "invited the derision which was inevitably forthcoming."^[14] Bent Corydon, a former Scientologist, criticises A History of Man on Scientological grounds, pointing out that Hubbard's "imaginings, opinions, or observations" are presented as established facts - in effect, instructing the Scientologist in what he should remember, rather than letting him find out for himself.^[6]^: 300

Apart from the unusual style of narration, which Miller describes as having "wobbled uncertainly between schoolboy fiction and a pseudo-scientific medical paper",^[14] many of Hubbard's claims in A History of Man are incompatible with established scientific knowledge.^{[ citation needed ]}

Publications

Hubbard, L. Ron (1952). What to Audit. Phoenix, Arizona: Scientific Press (limited manuscript edition (According to flyleaf in 1968 edition)).
Hubbard, L. Ron (1961). Scientology: A History of Man (New ed.). Los Angeles: Department of Publications World Wide.
Hubbard, L. Ron (1968). Scientology: A History of Man (reprint ed.). Los Angeles: American Saint Hill Organization.
Hubbard, L. Ron (1980). Scientology: A History of Man (reprint ed.). Denmark: Scientology Publ. Organization.
Hubbard, L. Ron (1988). Scientology: A History of Man (reprint ed.). Los Angeles: Bridge Publications. ISBN 8773365378. OL 2127011M.
Hubbard, L. Ron (2007). Scientology: A History of Man (New ed.). Los Angeles: Bridge Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4031-4423-2.

Related Research Articles

Dianetics is a set of ideas and practices invented in 1950 by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard regarding the human mind. Dianetics was originally conceived as a form of psychological treatment, but was rejected by the psychological and medical establishments as pseudoscientific. Dianetics was the precursor to Scientology and has since been incorporated into it.

Xenu, also called Xemu, is a figure in the Church of Scientology's secret "Advanced Technology", a sacred and esoteric teaching. According to the "Technology", Xenu was the extraterrestrial ruler of a "Galactic Confederacy" who brought billions of his people to Earth in DC-8-like spacecraft 75 million years ago, stacked them around volcanoes, and killed them with hydrogen bombs. Official Scientology scriptures hold that the thetans of these aliens adhere to humans, causing spiritual harm.

Free Zone, Freezone, and Independent Scientology are umbrella terms for the groups, organizations, and individuals who practice Scientology beliefs and practices independently of the Church of Scientology (COS). Such practitioners range from those who closely adhere to the original teachings of Scientology's founder L. Ron Hubbard, to those who have adapted practices far from COS beliefs and practices.

The Church of Scientology maintains a wide variety of beliefs and practices. The core belief holds that a human is an immortal, spiritual being (thetan) that is resident in a physical body. The thetan has had innumerable past lives, some of which, preceding the thetan's arrival on Earth, were lived in extraterrestrial cultures. Based on case studies at advanced levels, it is predicted that any Scientologist undergoing auditing will eventually come across and recount a common series of past-life events.

In Scientology, the concept of the thetan is similar to the concept of self, or the spirit or soul as found in several belief systems. The term is derived from the Greek letter Θ, theta, which in Scientology beliefs represents "the source of life, or life itself." In Scientology it is believed that it is the thetan, not the central nervous system, which commands the body.

The E-Meter is an electronic device used in Scientology that allegedly "registers emotional reactions". After claims by L. Ron Hubbard that the procedures of auditing, which used the E-Meter, could help heal diseases, the E-Meter became the subject of litigation. Since then, the Church of Scientology publishes disclaimers declaring that the E-Meter "by itself does nothing", is incapable of improving health, and is used solely for spiritual purposes.

Revolt in the Stars is a science fiction film screenplay written by Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard in 1977. It tells the space opera story of how an evil galactic dictator, named Xenu, massacres many of his subjects by transporting them to Earth and killing them with atomic bombs. L. Ron Hubbard had already presented this story to his followers, as a true account of events that happened 75 million years ago, in a secret level of Scientology scripture called Operating Thetan, Level III. The screenplay was promoted around Hollywood circles in 1979, but attempts at fundraising and obtaining financing fell through, and the film was never made. Unofficial copies circulate on the internet.

In Scientology, Operating Thetan (OT) is a state of complete spiritual freedom in which one is a "willing and knowing cause over life, thought, matter, energy, space and time". The Church of Scientology offers eight "levels" of OT, each level costing thousands of US dollars. The OT levels are confidential and not revealed to Scientologists until they reach the third Operating Thetan level. In practice, the objective of these levels is to remove "body thetans" which are "confused, disembodied souls from other planets who have attached themselves to us".

Auditing, also known as processing, is the core practice of Scientology. Scientologists believe that the role of auditing is to improve a person's abilities and to reduce or eliminate their neuroses. The Scientologist is asked questions about past events while holding two metal cylinders attached to an electrical resistance meter (galvanometer) with a dial. The term "auditing" was coined by L. Ron Hubbard in his 1950 book Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health, which describes the process. Auditing uses techniques from hypnosis that are intended to create dependency and obedience in the subject.

<i>Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health</i> 1950 book by L. Ron Hubbard

Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health, sometimes abbreviated as DMSMH, is a book by L. Ron Hubbard about Dianetics, a pseudoscientific system that he claimed to have developed from a combination of personal experience, basic principles of Eastern philosophy and the work of Sigmund Freud. The book is considered part of Scientology's canon. It is colloquially referred to by Scientologists as Book One. The book launched the movement, which later defined itself as a religion, in 1950. As of 2013, New Era Publications, the international publishing company of Hubbard's works, sells the book in English and in 50 other languages.

Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard explicitly compared his teachings to the science-fiction subgenre space opera. In his writings, wherein thetans were reincarnated periodically over quadrillions of years, retaining memories of prior lives, to which Hubbard attributed complex narratives about life throughout the universe. The most controversial of these myths is the story of Xenu, to whom Hubbard attributed responsibility for many of the world's problems.

In Dianetics and Scientology, Clear is a status afforded to followers by the Scientology organization, or by other Scientologists, after they complete certain activities. It is one of the major ostensible "states" practitioners strive to reach on their way up what the Scientologists call the Bridge to Total Freedom. Scientology followers are given the status of Clear when a person is deemed to be free of the influence of engrams – supposed unwanted emotions or painful traumas which Scientology claims are not readily available to the conscious mind. Scientologists believe that human beings accumulate anxieties, psychosomatic illnesses, and aberration due to receiving engrams throughout their current or past lives, and that by applying Dianetics, every single person can obtain the status of Clear.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ronald DeWolf</span> American critic of Scientology

Ronald Edward "Ron" DeWolf, also known as "Nibs" Hubbard, was the eldest child of Scientology's founder L. Ron Hubbard by his first wife Margaret Louise Grubb. He is known for having been highly critical of his father and of the Church of Scientology. In his opinion, Scientology was a cult that existed to make money.

<i>A Piece of Blue Sky</i> 1990 book about Scientology and Dianetics

A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed is a 1990 book about L. Ron Hubbard and the development of Dianetics and Scientology, authored by British former Scientologist Jon Atack. It was republished in 2013 with the title Let's sell these people A Piece of Blue Sky: Hubbard, Dianetics and Scientology. The title originates from a quote of Hubbard from 1950; an associate of Hubbard's noted him saying that he wanted to sell potential members "a piece of blue sky".

This bibliography of Scientology includes Scientology and Dianetics-related books, periodicals and other issues authored by L. Ron Hubbard and those produced by the Church of Scientology and its related organizations. Books bearing L. Ron Hubbard's name are considered texts of Scientology's canon.

The amount of material on Dianetics and Scientology is extensive, to say the least. This material is composed of books by L. Ron Hubbard ; compilations of his works; taped lectures; auditor training materials ; course packages; booklets; a large number of magazines and annuals; and video recordings of the major annual events.

An incident in Scientology beliefs is something that happened to a person that continues to have a grip on their mind or spirit, and is negatively affecting them. It could be an accident or traumatic event that includes pain and subconscious commands, whether from this life or in past lives. Scientology auditing procedures are used to locate incidents in the mind, and relieve them.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Bridge to Total Freedom</span> Primary road map chart in Scientology

The Bridge to Total Freedom, also known as the Classification, Gradation and Awareness Chart, is Scientology's primary action plan and road map to guide a person through the sequential steps to attain Scientology's concept of spiritual freedom. Displayed in every Scientology organization as an enormous poster using red ink, the comprehensive chart contains almost every service available within Scientology. All steps on the Bridge cost money.

According to the beliefs of the Church of Scientology, the Marcab Confederacy is said to be one of the most powerful galactic civilizations still active. Church founder L. Ron Hubbard describes it as:

Various planets united into a very vast civilization which has come forward up through the last 200,000 years, formed out of the fragments of earlier civilizations. In the last 10,000 years they have gone on with a sort of decadent kicked-in-the-head civilization that contains automobiles, business suits, fedora hats, telephones, spaceships — a civilization which looks almost an exact duplicate but is worse off than the current US civilization.

The relationship between Scientology and religious groups is very complex. There are significant contradictions between Scientology and most religions, especially the major monotheistic religions. Scientology texts written by its inventor, L. Ron Hubbard, claim that it is fully compatible with all existing major world religions, and that it does not conflict with them or their religious practices. Members are not allowed to engage in other similar mental therapies or procedures, religious or otherwise. Part of Scientology's claimed compatibility with religions lies in its leaving open the question of God's existence. According to James R. Lewis, Scientology instead "focuses on improving one's conditions in this life. As part of this openness to other religious alternatives, Scientologists are simultaneously allowed to be practicing members of other religions."

From 1950 to 1953, Hubbard led the Dianetics Movement which published, promoted and provided an alternative talk therapy called "auditing".

References

↑ "Explore the Phoenix Roots of L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology | Phoenix New Times". Archived from the original on March 15, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
1 2 3 4 Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed. Lyle Stuart Books. p. 131. ISBN 081840499X. OL 9429654M.
1 2 Christopher Evans, Cults of Unreason , pp. 42-43. Farrar, Straus and Giroux (1974)
↑ "Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard". Channel 4 Television, November 19, 1997. online version Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Accessed May 12, 2015
↑ Church of Scientology,"Complete List of Scientology and Dianetics Books and Materials of 1952 Archived 2006-02-19 at the Wayback Machine ".
1 2 Corydon, Bent. L. Ron Hubbard: Madman or Messiah? Archived 2008-03-06 at the Wayback Machine . Lyle Stuart, Inc. (1987)
↑ Hubbard, History of Man page 103
↑ Pineal gland#Society and culture
↑ "The Basics Books and Lectures". Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization. Retrieved May 11, 2015.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
↑ "Scientology Classification, Gradation and Awareness Chart - Advanced Auditor Training: Level VI -- Class VI Auditor". What is Scientology?. Church of Scientology International. Archived from the original on September 7, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
↑ Hubbard, L. Ron; Murray, Melanie Seider. "Scientology cult Saint Hill Special Briefing Course levels A-F". WikiLeaks. Archived from the original on March 29, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.
↑ Marco Frenschkowski, L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology: An annotated bibliographical survey of primary and selected secondary literature Archived 2008-07-06 at the Wayback Machine . Marburg Journal of Religion, Volume 4, No.1 (July 1999)
↑ Anderson Report, chapter 11
1 2 Miller, Russell (1987). Bare-faced Messiah : The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard. Henry Holt and Company. p. 204. ISBN 0805006540. OL 26305813M.

External links

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] "Explore the Phoenix Roots of L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology | Phoenix New Times". Archived from the original on March 15, 2016. Retrieved April 25, 2016.

[Atack-2] 1 2 3 4 Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky: Scientology, Dianetics and L. Ron Hubbard Exposed. Lyle Stuart Books. p. 131. ISBN 081840499X. OL 9429654M.

[evans-3] 1 2 Christopher Evans, Cults of Unreason , pp. 42-43. Farrar, Straus and Giroux (1974)

[4] "Secret Lives: L. Ron Hubbard". Channel 4 Television, November 19, 1997. online version Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Accessed May 12, 2015

[5] Church of Scientology,"Complete List of Scientology and Dianetics Books and Materials of 1952 Archived 2006-02-19 at the Wayback Machine ".

[corydon-6] 1 2 Corydon, Bent. L. Ron Hubbard: Madman or Messiah? Archived 2008-03-06 at the Wayback Machine . Lyle Stuart, Inc. (1987)

[7] Hubbard, History of Man page 103

[8] Pineal gland#Society and culture

[9] "The Basics Books and Lectures". Church of Scientology Flag Service Organization. Retrieved May 11, 2015.^{[ permanent dead link ]}

[10] "Scientology Classification, Gradation and Awareness Chart - Advanced Auditor Training: Level VI -- Class VI Auditor". What is Scientology?. Church of Scientology International. Archived from the original on September 7, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.

[HCO_Policy_Letter_of_10_February_1980R-11] Hubbard, L. Ron; Murray, Melanie Seider. "Scientology cult Saint Hill Special Briefing Course levels A-F". WikiLeaks. Archived from the original on March 29, 2015. Retrieved May 11, 2015.

[12] Marco Frenschkowski, L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology: An annotated bibliographical survey of primary and selected secondary literature Archived 2008-07-06 at the Wayback Machine . Marburg Journal of Religion, Volume 4, No.1 (July 1999)

[13] Anderson Report, chapter 11

[miller-14] 1 2 Miller, Russell (1987). Bare-faced Messiah : The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard. Henry Holt and Company. p. 204. ISBN 0805006540. OL 26305813M.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

v t e Scientology
Beliefs and practices	Abortion Auditing Books Bridge Clear Dianetics Dianetics (book) Disconnection E-meter Engram Ethics and justice Glossary Implant Incident Keeping Scientology Working Marcab Confederacy Marriage MEST Operating Thetan OT VIII Reactive mind Scientology and religious groups Reincarnation Sec Check Sex Gender Homosexuality Silent birth Space opera Study Technology Thetan Training routines Xenu
History and controversies	Alaska Mental Health Enabling Act Books critical of Scientology Church of Scientology editing on Wikipedia Clearwater Hearings Death of Elli Perkins Death of Kaja Ballo Death of Lisa McPherson Fair game Fishman Affidavit Guardian's Office operations Keith Henson The Internet Operation Clambake Operation Freakout Operation Snow White Project Chanology Project Normandy R2-45 Psychiatry Scientology and Me Scientology as a business The Secrets of Scientology Suppressive person Tax status in the US "The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power" Timeline
Litigation	Hubbard v Vosper United States v. Hubbard X. and Church of Scientology v. Sweden Church of Scientology v. Sweden Wollersheim v. Church of Scientology Hernandez v. Commissioner New Era Publications International ApS v. Carol Publishing Group and Jonathan Caven-Atack Church of Scientology of California v. Armstrong R. v. Church of Scientology of Toronto Church of Scientology Intl. v. Fishman and Geertz Hill v. Church of Scientology of Toronto Religious Technology Center v Lerma Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc. Church of Scientology Intl. v. Time Warner, Inc., et al. Arenz, Röder and Dagmar v. Germany Church of Scientology Moscow v. Russia
Organizations	Cadet Org Celebrity Centre Church of Scientology Church of Scientology International Church of Spiritual Technology Founding Church of Scientology Golden Era Productions Hubbard Association of Scientologists International International Association of Scientologists Office of Special Affairs Religious Technology Center Rehabilitation Project Force Scientology Missions International Sea Org
Properties	Castle Kyalami Château Élysée Flag Building/Super Power Building Fort Harrison Hotel Fraser Mansion Freewinds Gold Base The Hole Guaranty Building Hockley Highlands Inn L. Ron Hubbard House One Griswold Street Saint Hill Manor Trementina Base
Countries	Status by country Australia Belgium Canada Egypt France Germany Netherlands New Zealand Norway Pakistan Russia United Kingdom United States
Officials	L. Ron Hubbard Mary Sue Hubbard David Miscavige Shelly Miscavige Bob Adams John Carmichael Tommy Davis Jessica Feshbach David Gaiman Leisa Goodman Heber Jentzsch Kendrick Moxon Karin Pouw Mark Rathbun Mike Rinder Michelle Stith Kurt Weiland
Affiliated organizations and recruitment	Association for Better Living and Education Applied Scholastics Celebrities Citizens Commission on Human Rights Concerned Businessmen's Association of America Criminon Cult Awareness Network The Delphian School Free Zone Front groups Moxon & Kobrin Narconon New York Rescue Workers Detoxification Project Oxford Capacity Analysis Safe Environment Fund Second Chance Program Trademarks Volunteer Ministers The Way to Happiness World Institute of Scientology Enterprises Youth for Human Rights International
Popular culture	Ali's Smile: Naked Scientology Being Tom Cruise Bowfinger The Bridge Going Clear film Leah Remini: Scientology and the Aftermath My Scientology Movie The Master The Profit South Park "A Token of My Extreme" A Very Merry Unauthorized Children's Scientology Pageant We Stand Tall
Wikibooks Wikimedia Commons Wikinews Wikiquote Wikisource Wikiversity Wiktionary

v t e L. Ron Hubbard
Life	Biographies Early life 1911–1950 1950–1953 1953–1967 1967–1975 1975–1986 Pseudobiography Bibliography written works Military career USS PC-815 USS YP-422 L. Ron Hubbard House Relationship with psychiatry Timeline of L. Ron Hubbard
Founded	Dianetics Scientology Church of Scientology beliefs and practices controversies
Novels and novellas	Battlefield Earth Branded Outlaw Buckskin Brigades Death's Deputy Excalibur (unpublished) Fear Final Blackout If I Were You Mission Earth series Slaves of Sleep To the Stars The Iron Duke Typewriter in the Sky
Short story collections	The Kingslayer Ole Doc Methuselah Science-Fantasy Quintette Triton
Film	The Secret of Treasure Island Battlefield Earth Revolt in the Stars (screenplay)
Dianetics and Scientology	Affirmations Dianetics: The Evolution of a Science Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health Science of Survival Scientology: A History of Man Have You Lived Before This Life? All About Radiation
Music	Space Jazz Mission Earth The Road to Freedom
Biographies	Bare-faced Messiah L. Ron Hubbard, Messiah or Madman? The L. Ron Hubbard Series (official church biography)
Publishers' sites	Author Services Inc. Bridge Publications Church of Spiritual Technology Writers of the Future (contest)
Family	Margaret Grubb (first wife) Sara Northrup Hollister (second wife) Mary Sue Hubbard (third wife) Ronald DeWolf (son) Quentin Hubbard (son) Jamie DeWolf (great-grandson)