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Armillaria is a genus of fungi that includes the A. mellea species known as honey fungi that live on trees and woody shrubs. It includes about 10 species formerly categorized summarily as A. mellea. Armillarias are long-lived and form the largest living fungi in the world. The largest known organism covers more than 3.4 square miles (8.8 km2) in Oregon's Malheur National Forest and is estimated to be 2,500 years old. Some species of Armillaria display bioluminescence, resulting in foxfire.
Fomitopsis pinicola, is a stem decay fungus common on softwood and hardwood trees. Its conk is known as the red-belted conk. The species is common throughout temperate Europe and Asia. It is a decay fungus that serves as a small-scale disturbance agent in coastal rainforest ecosystems. It influences stand structure and succession in temperate rainforests. It performs essential nutrient cycling functions in forests. As well as a key producer of brown rot residues that are stable soil components in coniferous forest ecosystems. It has been reported that mushrooms have significant antioxidant activity.
Rhizochaete is a plant pathogen infecting planes, beeches, pines, oaks and other trees.
Bridgeoporus is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. A monotypic genus, it contains the single polypore species Bridgeoporus nobilissimus, first described to science in 1949. Commonly known both as the noble polypore and the fuzzy Sandozi, this fungus produces large fruit bodies that have been found to weigh up to 130 kilograms (290 lb). The upper surface of the fruit body has a fuzzy or fibrous texture that often supports the growth of algae, bryophytes, or vascular plants.
Rhizochaete is a genus of nine species of poroid crust fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae. The genus is closely related to Phanerochaete. Aside from the widespread Rhizochaete radicata and the Asian species R. borneensis, the remaining Rhizochaete fungi are found in North and South America.
Hemmesomyces is a fungal genus in the family Corticiaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single corticioid fungus species Hemmesomyces puauluensis, found in Hawaii. Hemmesomyces was circumscribed in 2003 by mycologists Robert L. Gilbertson and Karen Nakasone. It is named after Donald E. Hemmes, a biology professor at the University of Hawaii, "in recognition of his contributions to knowledge of Hawaiian fungi".
Brunneocorticium is a genus of fungi which following DNA analysis has been placed in the family Omphalotaceae. The genus, described in 2007, contains two corticioid species and one species which does not seem to have any fruiting body.
Skeletocutis brunneomarginata is a species of poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. Found in the United States, it was described as new to science in 2007 by Norwegian mycologist Leif Ryvarden. He collected the type in Bent Creek Experimental Forest, North Carolina in 2004. The fungus is very similar in appearance to Skeletocutis kühneri, but with a brown margin and subiculum. S. brunneomarginata is one of 14 Skeletocutis species that occurs in North America.
Nigroporus vinosus is a species of poroid fungus in the family Steccherinaceae, and the type species of the genus Nigroporus. Its fruit bodies have brownish caps with tinges of purple or red. The cap underside has a pore surface the same colour as the cap, and minute pores. Nigroporus vinosus has a pantropical distribution. It has been recorded from Africa, North America, Central America, South America, Asia, and Oceania. It is a wood-decay fungus that causes a white rot.
Hydnophlebia omnivora is a species of crust fungus in the family Meruliaceae. It causes white rot in various woody angiosperms, being found in arid regions of the Southern United States, northern Mexico, and Uruguay.
Myriothele is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. It is a monotypic genus, consisting of the single species Myriothele philippiae, a toothed crust fungus found in Réunion.
Steccherinum tenue is a hydnoid crust fungus of the family Steccherinaceae. It is found in the southern United States, where it grows on decaying angiospermous wood. The fungus was described as a new species in 1981 by mycologists Harold Burdsall and Karen Nakasone. The type, found growing on grape plants (Vitis), was collected in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (Tennessee) along the Rainbow Falls Trail. Steccherinum tenue has also been found on maple (Acer). The fungus is characterized by its thin grayish-yellow fruit bodies with grey to bluish-grey margins, a lack of rhizomorphs, and a scarcely developed subiculum. The specific epithet tenue refers to the thin fruit bodies.
Fragiliporia is the sole genus in the fungus family Fragiliporiaceae. It contains the poroid crust fungus Fragiliporia fragilis, described as new to science by Chinese mycologists in 2014. The type specimen of this fungus was discovered growing on a rotting stump of alder in the Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve in Yunnan. The specific epithet fragilis refers to the brittle fruit bodies of the fungus. Molecular phylogenetics shows that the fungus is in an isolated position in the Polyporales, distinct from the six previously identified clades in this order. In a later study (2017), Fragiliporia was recovered in a phylogenetically isolated position as sister to Candelabrochaete africana.
Dentocorticium bicolor is a species of fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was originally described by Patric Henry Brabazon Talbot in 1948 as Grandinia bicolor. The type was collected in the Pietermaritzburg district of Natal Province in South Africa, where it was found growing on dead wood. It has also been found in Australia, East Asia, North America, and South America. The fungus was transferred to genus Dentocorticium in 2018 by Karen Nakasone and Shuang-Hui He based on phylogenetic evidence.
Dentocorticium hyphopaxillosum is a species of crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It is found in the Guangxi Autonomous Region of southern China, where it grows on fallen angiosperm branches. It was first described in 2014 as Dendrodontia hyphopaxillosa by mycologists Meng-Jie Li and Hai-Sheng Yuan, who thought it was related to other species of Dendrodontia based on morphological characteristics. It was transferred to the genus Dentocorticium in 2018 based on phylogenetic analysis; Dendrodontia was synonymized with Dentocorticium. Characteristics of D. hyphopaxillosum include its crust-like fruit bodies, cylindrical hyphal pegs, contorted dendrohyphidia that are frequently branched, and spores with an ellipsoid to somewhat cylindrical shape.
Perenniporia meridionalis is a poroid crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was described as a new species by Cony Decock and Joost Stalpers in 2006. The holotype specimen was collected in the Province of Nuoro in Italy, where it was found growing on dead wood of Quercus ilex. Distinguishing characteristics of this fungus include its relatively large pores, the hyaline vegetative hyphae that are yellowish to slightly dextrinoid in Melzer's reagent, and large spores measuring 6.0–7.7 by 4.5–6.2 µm. P. meridionalis occurs in central and southern Europe, where it is found in warmer forested areas, usually on dead oak wood. It has also been reported to occur in North America.
Phlebia tremellosa, commonly known as trembling Merulius or jelly rot, is a species of fungus in the family Meruliaceae. It is a common and widely distributed wood-decay fungus that grows on the rotting wood of both hardwood and conifer plants.
Byssomerulius corium is a common species of crust fungus in the family Irpicaceae. The fungus was first described as Thelephora corium by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1801. Erast Parmasto made it the type species of his newly circumscribed genus Byssomerulius in 1967.
Cerocorticium molle is a species of crust fungus in the family Meruliaceae.
Schizophyllum amplum is a species of fungus, also known as poplar bells. It is a small inedible bell-shaped fungus that grows from September until November, with a cap sized between 5–15 mm. The fungus grows on fallen branches of a number of hardwood trees. It was transferred to the genus Schizophyllum in 1996 by Karen K. Nakasone as a new combination after a study of Auriculariopsis albomellea and Phlebia albida .
References
- ↑ Nakasone, Karen K. (2003). "Type studies of resupinate hydnaceous Hymenomycetes described by Patouillard" (PDF). Cryptogamie, Mycologie. 24 (2): 131–145.
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