Skjold oil field

Last updated
Skjold oil field
North Sea relief location map.jpg
Red pog.svg
Location of Skjold oil field
Country Denmark
Region North Sea
Block5504/16
Offshore/onshoreOffshore
Coordinates 55°31′53″N4°54′34″E / 55.53139°N 4.90944°E / 55.53139; 4.90944
OperatorMaersk, TotalEnergies
Owner BlueNord
Nordsøfonden
TotalEnergies
Field history
Discovery1977
Start of productionNovember 1982
Peak of production47.08 thousand barrels per day
Peak year1991
Production
Current production of oil7,152 barrels per day (~3.639×10^5 t/a)
Year of current production of oil2022
Current production of gas4.45×10^6 m3/d (157×10^6 cu ft/d)
Producing formations Danian and Upper Cretaceous chalk

The Skjold oil field (Danish : Skjoldfeltet) is a crude oil and associated gas production field in the Danish sector of the central North Sea, close to the Danish-German median line. Production of oil started in 1982, peak oil was achieved in 1991 and production is expected to continue until 2038.

Contents

The field

The Skjold oil field is located in Block 5504/16 of the Danish North Sea. [1] The name Skjold translates as 'shield' in English. [2] The field was discovered in March 1977 and is a Danian and Upper Cretaceous chalk anticline with salt tectonics. [1] The reservoir has the following characteristics:

Skjold reservoir properties [1]
ParameterValue
Field delineation33 km2
Reservoir depth1,600 m
API gravity 30°
Gas/oil ratio 510 scf/bbl
Sulfur0.30%
Recoverable reserves30-45 million barrels

Owners and operators

The field was originally licensed to a joint venture called Dansk Undergrunds Consortium (DUC) comprising Shell (40.0%), A.P. Moeller (30.0%), Chevron (15.0%), and Texaco (15.0%). The field was originally operated by Maersk Oil & Gas A/S. [1]

By 2013 ownership of the Skjold field was by Norwegian Energy (37.0%), TotalEnergies (43.0%) and Nordsøfonden (20.0%). The field was operated in 2013 by Maersk Olle og Gas A/S. [3]

As of 2023, it is owned by BlueNord (36.8 %), Nordsøfonden (20.0 %) and TotalEnergies (43.2%). [4] The field is operated by TotalEnergies. [4]

Development

The field was originally developed by a single unattended wellhead platform. [1] No processing was undertaken on the Skjold, and well fluids were routed via an 11km, 6-inch pipeline to the Gorm complex for processing. [1] The Skjold platform was remotely operated from the Gorm installation. [1]

In 1988 a system for the treatment and injection of water into the reservoir was installed on a jack-up rig adjacent to Skjold. This was later replaced by permanent water injection facilities on Gorm with injection water piped to Skjold. [5]

Further infrastructure was subsequently added to the field. [6] This comprised two installations, designated Skjold B and Skjold C, bridge linked to the original installation now designated Skjold A. [7] Skjold B is a wellhead platform allowing further wells to be drilled to reach outlying areas of the reservoir. Skjold C is an accommodation platform. Outline details of the Skjold field platforms are summarised in the table. [2] [7] [8]

Skjold field infrastructure
PlatformSkjold A [1] Skjold B [8] [7] Skjold C [8] [7]
Coordinates55°31’53”N 04°54’34”E55°31'52"N 4°54'32"E55°31'52"N 4°51'24"E
Water depth, metres404040
FabricationJacket: Monberg & Thersen, Aalborg

Topsides: Volund Energiteknik, Essbjerg

Jacket / substructure weight, tonnes1308545830
Topside weight, tonnes90011001200
Function Wellhead Wellhead, bridge link to A platformAccommodation, bridge link to A platform
Accommodation8 (emergency)Nil16
TypeSteel jacketSTAR (see note)STAR
Legs433
Piles433
Well slots97Nil
Helideck S61 helicopter —Yes
InstalledMay 198219941994
Production startNovember 19821994—
Oil and gas production toGorm DA platform—

Note: STAR (Slim Tripod Adapted for Rig) is a concept developed by Maersk comprising a three-leg base piled to the seabed supporting a single large diameter column above sea level. [9]

In 1994 a second 11 km pipeline from Skjold to Gorm was laid, this was associated with the increased production from the Skjold field. [7]

As of 2023, there are 16 oil-producing wells and seven water injection wells. [3]

Production

Peak oil production was in 1991 at 47.08 thousand barrels of oil per day. [10]

To maintain production the reservoir pressure is kept high by water injection. Injection water is obtained from the Gorm complex. By 2014 there were 19 production wells and nine water injection wells. [6]

Total fluid production to January 2014 was 45.38 million cubic metres of oil, 3.75 billion normal cubic metres of gas, and 70.65 million cubic metres of water. [6] Water injection was 126.04 million cubic metres of water. The estimated reserves were 6.4 million cubic metres of oil, sufficient to sustain economic production until 2038. [6]

The Danish Energy Agency publishes tables and bar charts of oil, gas and water production from the field, from commissioning in 1982 to the present day. [11]

See also

Related Research Articles

"Offshore", when used in relation to hydrocarbons, refers to operations undertaken at, or under the, sea in association with an oil, natural gas or condensate field that is under the seabed, or to activities carried out in relation to such a field. Offshore is part of the upstream sector of the oil and gas industry.

Peregrino is an oil field located offshore of Brazil, east of Rio de Janeiro, in the southwest part of the Campos Basin area with about 2.3 billion barrels of oil in place within the sanctioned area. The oil field was discovered in 2004 and was formerly known as Chinook.

The Al Shaheen Oil Field is a production oil and gas field off the north east coast of Qatar in the Persian Gulf, 80 kilometres (50 mi) north of Doha. The oil field lies above the North Gas Field, one of the largest gas fields in the world. The field has been operated by Maersk Oil Qatar AS of Denmark until July 2017 under a production sharing agreement with QatarEnergy, on behalf of the state of Qatar. As of June 2016, QatarEnergy and the French major TotalEnergies established a new company known as North Oil Company. The new company is 70% owned by QatarEnergy and 30% by TotalEnergies. North Oil Company took over field operations on 14 July 2017.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tyra Field</span> Gas condensate field in the North Sea

Tyra Field is the largest gas condensate field in the Danish Sector of the North Sea. It was discovered in 1968 and production started in 1984. The field is owned by Dansk Undergrunds Consortium, a partnership between Total, BlueNord and Nordsofonden, and operated by Total. The reservoir depth is about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) and it covers area of 90 kilometres (56 mi) in the water depth of 37–40 metres (121–131 ft). The Tyra field has a number of satellite fields, including Roar, Svend and Tyra Southeast fields.

Gorm is a natural gas and oilfield in the Danish Sector of North Sea. It was discovered in 1971 and is the largest oilfield exploited by Denmark. The production infrastructure consists of five bridge-linked platforms and is operated by BlueNord. The facilities include two wellhead platforms and several processing platforms. The Rolf and Dagmar fields are satellites to Gorm.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Buzzard oil field</span>

The Buzzard Oil Field is an oil field located in the North Sea Blocks 19/10, 19/5a, 20/6 and 20/1s. It was discovered in 2001 by PanCanadian, and developed initially by PanCanadian's successor EnCana and then by Nexen. The oil field was initially operated and owned by Nexen which is now a subsidiary of China's CNOOC.

Gannet is an oil and gas field located in the United Kingdom's continental shelf in the North Sea. It is 180 km (110 mi) east of Aberdeen, and the water depth at the Gannet offshore installation is 95 m (312 ft). The field is located in Blocks 22/21, 22/25, 22/26 and 21/30. It is half-owned by Royal Dutch Shell (50%) and partly by ExxonMobil (50%) and has been operated by Shell UK Ltd since ‘first oil’ in November 1993. The Gannet A installation is the host platform for subsea tiebacks designated Gannet B to G. Like most Shell fields in the central and northern North Sea the field is named after a sea bird the gannet.

The Dan oil field is a large oil and associated gas field in the Danish sector of the North Sea, about 200 kilometres (120 mi) west of Esbjerg. Oil and gas are produced through a complex of offshore installations. The Kraka and Regnar fields are satellites to the Dan installations.

The Kotter and Logger oil and gas fields are mid-size fields located in the Netherlands sector of the North Sea, about 40 km west of Den Helder and 107 km north west of Amsterdam. The Kotter and Logger oil fields produced oil from 1984/5 to 2015.

The L4-L7 gas fields are significant natural gas producing fields in the Netherlands sectors L4 and L7 of the North Sea. They are operationally one complex which started producing gas from the L7 main platform hub in 1977 and was still partly operational in 2021.

Alwyn North is a major oil and gas field in the United Kingdom sector of the northern North Sea, 160 km east of the Shetland Islands. The field was developed through two bridge-linked offshore platforms and a number of subsea satellite wellheads. Alwyn North has been producing oil and gas since 1987 and is still (2023) in operation.

The Beryl oil field is a major crude oil production field in the UK sector of the northern North Sea, 335 km north east of Aberdeen. Production of oil started in 1976 and the field is still producing oil and gas (2021).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ravenspurn gas fields</span>

The Ravenspurn gas fields are two adjacent natural gas fields located in the UK sector of the southern North Sea about 65 km east of Flambrough Head, Yorkshire.

The Pickerill and Juliet gas fields are decommissioned natural gas producing facilities in the UK sector of the southern North Sea. The fields are located about 66 km (41 mi) east of Spurn Head, Lincolnshire. Pickerill was in operation from 1992 until 2018 and Juliet from 2014 to 2018.

Halfdan is a significant oil and gas field in the south-western part of the Danish sector of the southern North Sea. The field has been in production since 1999. The Sif and Igor fields are satellites to Hallfdan.

The Siri oil field and its satellites, Nini and Cecille, are oil producing fields in the Danish sector of the southern North Sea. Operating since 1999 and 2003 they are the most northerly of Denmark's offshore oil assets located close to the Denmark-Norway median line.

The Valdemar oil and gas field is a crude oil and gas production field in the Danish sector of the central North Sea. Production of oil and gas started in 1993, peak oil was achieved in 2009 and peak gas in 2010. Production was suspended in 2019.

The South Arne field is a major crude oil and associated gas production field in the Danish sector of the central North Sea. Production of oil and gas started in 1999, and peak oil and gas was in 2000.

The Harald field is a gas and associated condensate production field in the Danish sector of the central North Sea. Production of gas and liquids started in 1997, and peak gas was in 1998. The Lulita field is a satellite of the Harald field.

Ravn is a marginal oil field in the Danish sector of the North Sea. It started operating in 2017, with oil exported to an installation in the German sector of the North Sea. Operations were suspended in 2020, and decommissioning is currently being planned.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gallimore, David; Madsen, Tony (1985). The North Sea Platform Guide. Ledbury: Oilfield Publications Limited. pp. 613–15. ISBN   9789995350512.
  2. 1 2 "Danish to English Dictionary". bab.la. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  3. 1 2 "Oil & gas field profile: Skjold Conventional Oil Field, Denmark". Offshore Technology. 28 July 2023. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  4. 1 2 Nordsoefonden. "Oil and gas producing fields" . Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  5. ↑ Oil and gas in Denmark, Exploration and Production 1989 (PDF). Danish Energy Agency. 1989. ISBN   8789072243 . Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  6. 1 2 3 4 Danish Energy Agency (2014). Oil and gas production in Denmark in December 2013 (PDF). Copenhagen: Danish Energy Agency. pp. 88–89. ISBN   -978-87-93071-71-1.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Maersk (March 1994). "Maersk Post 3/1994" (PDF). Maersk. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  8. 1 2 3 OSPAR (Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North East Atlantic) (2013). "Offshore Installations Inventory". OSPAR. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  9. ↑ Maersk Oil DBU (2016). "ESIA Maersk Oil DBU Technical Sections" (PDF). Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  10. ↑ A Barrel Full. "Skjold Oil Field". A Barrel Full. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  11. ↑ "Statistics data, key figures and energy maps". Danish Energy Agency. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.