Stanley Shale

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Stanley Shale
Stratigraphic range: Mississippian
Type Formation
Unit ofnone
Sub-unitsHatton Tuff Lentil (AR/OK), Hot Springs Sandstone (AR) Member, [1] Chickasaw Creek Shale Formation (OK), Moyers Formation (OK), Tenmile Creek Formation(OK) [2]
Underlies Jackfork Sandstone
Overlies Arkansas Novaculite
Thickness3,500 to 10,000+ feet [1]
Lithology
Primary Shale
Location
Region Arkansas, Oklahoma
Country United States
Type section
Named for Stanley, Pushmataha County, Oklahoma
Named byJoseph A. Taff [3]

The Stanley Shale, or Stanley Group, is a Mississippian stratigraphic unit in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma. First described in Arkansas in 1892, [4] this unit was not named until 1902 by J.A. Taff in his study of the Ouachita Mountains of Oklahoma. [3] Taff assigned the town of Stanley in Pushmataha County, Oklahoma as the type locality, but did not designate a stratotype. After introduction into Arkansas in 1909 by Albert Homer Purdue, [5] the unit was redefined in 1918, when the formation known as the Fork Mountain Slate was abandoned and partially combined into the Stanley Shale. [6] As of 2017, a reference section for the Stanley Shale has yet to be designated.

Contents

The Stanley Shale is recognized as a geologic formation with two sub-units in Arkansas, the Hatton Tuff Lentil and the Hot Springs Sandstone Member, [1] however, several others have been proposed. These include the Chickasaw Creek Member, [7] Chickasaw Creek Tuff, [8] Gap Ridge Sandstone Member, [9] Moyers Member, [7] Parker Hill Sandstone Member, [9] Polk County Ash Bed, [10] and Tenmile Creek Member. [7] In 1963, it was first proposed to raise the rank of the Stanley Shale Formation to Group status in Arkansas, [11] with proposed sub-units consisting of the Chickasaw Creek Formation, Moyers Formation (with the Gap Ridge Sandstone and Parker Hill Sandstone Members), and Ten Mile Creek Formation. [12] However, the proposal was not accepted and the unit remained as a formation.

In Oklahoma, this unit is recognized as a group called the Stanley Group composed of three formations: the Chickasaw Creek Shale Formation, the Moyers Formation, and the Tenmile Creek Formation. The Hatton Tuff Lentil, recognized in Arkansas, is also in Oklahoma as a unit of the Tenmile Creek Formation. Several informal members have been noted including the Smithville chert lentil, the Faith chert member, and the Chickasaw Creek tuff among others [2]

Mining in the Stanley Shale is limited to cinnabar, barite, and quartz. Cinnabar is primarily used for mercury, however, production in Arkansas essentially ended by the mid-20th century. Barite mining, mostly useful for oil and gas drilling fluid, is ongoing. [13]

Paleoflora

A. stanleyanus [14]
A. arkansana [14]
A. coralloides [14]
A. stanleyensis [14]
C. menae [14]
C. miseri [14]
L. subclypeatum [14]
L. peniculus [14]
N. elrodi [14]
P. subgeniculata [14]
R. secalicus [14]
R. goepperti [14]
S. arkansanum [14]
S. dawsoni [14]
T. gillhami [14]
T. vallisjohanni [14]
W. suspecta [14]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 McFarland, John David (2004) [1998]. "Stratigraphic summary of Arkansas" (PDF). Arkansas Geological Commission Information Circular. 36: 22.
  2. 1 2 Suneson, Neil (2016). "Stratigraphic nomenclature of the Ouachita Mountains in Oklahoma: formal, informal, obsolete, and incorrect or the good, the bad, and the ugly" (PDF). Oklahoma Geology Notes. 75: 5–35. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
  3. 1 2 Taff, Joseph A. (1902). "Description of the Atoka Quadrangle" (PDF). Folios of the Geologic Atlas. 79: 4. doi:10.3133/GF79. Wikidata   Q63225784.
  4. ↑ Griswold, L.S. (1892). "Whetstones and the novaculites" (PDF). Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Arkansas for 1890. 3.
  5. ↑ Purdue, A.H. (1909). Slates of Arkansas (PDF). Geological Survey of Arkansas.
  6. ↑ Miser, Hugh D. (1918). "Manganese deposits of the Caddo Gap and De Queen quadrangles, Arkansas" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 660C: 59–122. doi:10.3133/B660C. ISSN   8755-531X. Wikidata   Q61463723.
  7. 1 2 3 Cohee, G.V.; Wright, W.B. (1976). "Changes in stratigraphic nomenclature by the U.S. Geological Survey, 1975" (PDF). U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin. 1422-A.
  8. ↑ Mose, Douglas G. (1969). "The age of the Hatton Tuff of the Ouachita Mountains, southeastern Oklahoma". Geological Society of America Bulletin . 80 (11): 2373–2378. Bibcode:1969GSAB...80.2373M. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1969)80[2373:TAOTHT]2.0.CO;2. ISSN   0016-7606. Wikidata   Q66258936.
  9. 1 2 Stearn, N.H. (1935). "Quicksilver deposits near Little Missouri River, discussion". Transactions of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. 115: 244–246.
  10. ↑ Williams, J.F. (1891). "The igneous rocks of Arkansas". Annual Report of the Geological Survey of Arkansas for 1890. 2.
  11. ↑ Seely, D.R. (1963). "Structure and stratigraphy of the Rich Mountain area, Oklahoma and Arkansas" (PDF). Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin. 101.
  12. ↑ Walthall, B.H. (1967). "Stratigraphy and structure, part of Athens Plateau, southern Ouachitas, Arkansas". American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. 51 (4): 504–528. doi:10.1306/5d25c0a1-16c1-11d7-8645000102c1865d.
  13. ↑ Rains, Daniel S.; Hanson, William D. (2017). "Geologic report of Pike County" (PDF). Arkansas Geological Survey County Geologic Report. 62: 28. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 White, David (1937). "Fossil plants from the Stanley shale and Jackfork sandstone in southeastern Oklahoma and western Arkansas" (PDF). Geological Survey Professional Paper. 186C: 43–67. doi:10.3133/PP186C. ISSN   0096-0446. Wikidata   Q61049457.


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