Stephen Sackur | |
---|---|
Born | Stephen John Sackur 9 January 1964 Spilsby, Lincolnshire, England |
Alma mater | Emmanuel College, Cambridge Harvard University |
Occupation(s) | Journalist, News anchor |
Employer | BBC |
Notable credit(s) | BBC, foreign affairs correspondent (1986–2003) HARDtalk, host (2004–present) GMT, presenter (2010–2019) |
Stephen John Sackur (born 9 January 1964) is an English journalist who presented HARDtalk , a current affairs interview programme formerly on BBC World News and the BBC News Channel. He was also the main Friday presenter of GMT on BBC World News. For fifteen years, he was a BBC foreign correspondent.
Sackur was born and grew up in Spilsby, Lincolnshire, England.[ citation needed ] He was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Spilsby, and Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he gained a BA honours degree in history, and then joined Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government as a Henry Fellow. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Sackur began working at the BBC as a trainee in 1986, and in 1990 he was appointed as one of its foreign affairs correspondents. [3] [4] As a BBC Radio correspondent, Sackur reported on the Velvet Revolution of Czechoslovakia in 1989 and the reunification of Germany in 1990. [3] During the Gulf War, he was part of a BBC team covering the conflict and spent eight weeks as an embedded journalist with the British Army. [5] At the end of the war, he was the first correspondent to report the massacre of the retreating Iraqi army on the road leading out of Kuwait. [3]
Sackur was based in Cairo, Egypt, between 1992 and 1995 as the BBC's correspondent in the Middle East and he later moved to Jerusalem in 1995 until 1997. [4] He covered both the assassination of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and the growth of the Palestinian Authority under Yasser Arafat. [3]
Between 1997 and 2002, Sackur was appointed the BBC's correspondent in Washington, D.C., and covered the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal. He later covered the U.S. presidential election in 2000 and interviewed President George W. Bush. [3]
In 2005, Sackur replaced Tim Sebastian as the regular host of the BBC's news programme HARDtalk . [6] He has since interviewed President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela, President Teodoro Obiang of Equatorial Guinea, President Thein Sein of Burma and others, the late Prime Minister Meles Zenawi of Ethiopia, and the spokesperson for Tigray Defence Force of Getachew Reda. He has also interviewed cultural figures including Gore Vidal, Annie Lennox, Charlize Theron, Vladimir Ashkenazy and William Shatner. [7]
Sackur was named "International TV Personality of the Year" by the Association for International Broadcasting (AIB) in November 2010. [8]
He was nominated as "Speech Broadcaster of the Year" at the Sony Radio Awards 2013. [9]
In July 2018, Sackur was awarded an Honorary Doctorate by the University of Warwick. [10]
Sackur has been a regular attendee and moderator at the Yalta European Strategy annual meetings founded and sponsored by Ukrainian oligarch Victor Pinchuk. [11] [12] [13] [14]
The Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention criticized Sackur for suggesting genocide as one of two "realistic options" for the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh during a HARDtalk interview with Ruben Vardanyan. Sackur had suggested the Armenians of the Republic of Artsakh either accept "a political deal or leave" due to the blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh. According to Lemkin Institute, Sackur had blamed the victims for the blockade: "Artsakh is under blockade not because of the genocidal designs of Azerbaijan, but because of some inexplicable stubbornness on the part of Armenians in Artsakh or their leaders – or both, as he seems to believe". The Lemkin Institute further criticized Sackur for trying to suggest the word Artsakh (the historical Armenian name for Nagorno-Karabakh) was illegitimate and for ignoring the rights of self-determination. [15]
In March 2024, Sackur was widely criticized for tone and manner of questioning he adopted in an interview with Irfaan Ali, president of Guyana. Sackur asked Ali about the environmental impact of extracting Guyana’s offshore oil and gas reserves and accused Guyana of worsening climate change through adding to global carbon emissions. When Ali explained that Guyana is home to "a forest forever that is the size of England and Scotland combined...that stores 19.5 gigatonnes of carbon", Sackur continued to press his line of questioning aggressively and asked, what gives Guyana "the right to release all this carbon?" Ali replied, "We have the lowest deforestation rate in the world. And guess what? Even with our greatest exploration of the oil and gas resource we have now we will still be net zero, Guyana will still be net zero with all our exploration we will still be net zero." [16] The interview gained widespread international attention as many in the media accused Sackur of Western hypocrisy regarding carbon emissions and condescension towards developing countries. [16] [17] [18]
Sackur's father Robert (1930 – 18 February 2022), a farmer, was the Labour Party candidate for the Lincolnshire constituencies of Horncastle and Holland with Boston in the 1966 and 1970 general elections respectively. He was from East Keal and Toynton All Saints and farmed 190 acres (77 ha) at Woolham Farm, having lived there from 1957. He had attended two independent schools in Oundle and had a degree in Agriculture from Emmanuel College, Cambridge. [19] He played rugby for Boston in the late 1950s. [20]
Robert had joined the Labour Party in 1962. [21] and with 23-year-old Stanley Henig he had attempted to stand for the 1964 election. [22] [23] He was eventually chosen, in November 1965, aged 34. [19] He tried to be selected as the party's candidate for Louth in December 1967, [24] but was chosen as the candidate for Holland with Boston in November 1968. [25] His pro-Europeanism had first attracted him to becoming an MP, [26] and he joined the SDP in 1982. [27] Robert's brother John, had also attended Oundle and Emmanuel College, studying Archaeology; he died on 24 January 1986. [28] Almost six months after her father's death, his cousin Chloe was born in June 1986, [29] and soon after her mother remarried. [30] [31] [32]
His mother, Sallie Caley, married on 11 February 1961. Her sister Dorothy married Henry, the son of George Nelson, 2nd Baron Nelson of Stafford, who was the chairman of GEC from 1968 to 1983. In 1995 Henry became 3rd Baron Nelson of Stafford. [33] In May 1970 Sallie, won Toynton St Peter with 79 votes, to sit on Spilsby RDC under Labour. She was the first to sit on the council representing a party. [34]
Sackur has an older brother, Caley.[ citation needed ]
Artsakh, officially the Republic of Artsakh or the Republic of Nagorno-Karabakh, was a breakaway state in the South Caucasus whose territory was internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan. Between 1991 and 2023, Artsakh controlled parts of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of the Azerbaijani Soviet Socialist Republic, including its capital Stepanakert. It had been an enclave within Azerbaijan from the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war until the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive, when the Azerbaijani military took control over the remaining territory controlled by Artsakh. Its only overland access route to Armenia after the 2020 war was via the five kilometres (3.1 mi)–wide Lachin corridor, which was placed under the supervision of Russian peacekeeping forces.
Arkadi Arshaviri Ghukasyan is an Armenian politician who served as the second President of the self-proclaimed Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. He was elected as the President on 8 September 1997 and re-elected in 2002, until his term ended on 7 September 2007 and was succeeded by Bako Sahakyan. He was detained by Azerbaijani forces after the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh and is currently facing criminal charges in Azerbaijan.
HARDtalk is a BBC television and radio programme broadcast on the British and international feeds of the BBC News channel, and on the BBC World Service.
The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is an ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited mostly by ethnic Armenians until 2023, and seven surrounding districts, inhabited mostly by Azerbaijanis until their expulsion during the 1990s. The Nagorno-Karabakh region was entirely claimed by and partially controlled by the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, but was recognized internationally as part of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan gradually re-established control over Nagorno-Karabakh region and the seven surrounding districts.
The Republic of Artsakh was a republic with limited recognition in the South Caucasus region. The Republic of Artsakh controlled most of the territory of the former Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast. It was recognized only by three other non-UN member states, Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Transnistria. The rest of the international community recognized Artsakh as part of Azerbaijan. In November 2012, a member of Uruguay's foreign relations committee stated that his country could recognize Nagorno-Karabakh's independence. In 2012, Armenia and Tuvalu established diplomatic relations, which led to speculation of possible recognition of Artsakh by Tuvalu. In October 2012, the Australian state of New South Wales recognized Nagorno-Karabakh. In September 2014, the Basque Parliament in Spain adopted a motion supporting Artsakh's right to self-determination and in November 2014, the Parliament of Navarre, also in Spain, issued a statement supporting Artsakh's inclusion in taking part in settlement negotiations.
Anti-Armenian sentiment, also known as anti-Armenianism and Armenophobia, is a diverse spectrum of negative feelings, dislikes, fears, aversion, racism, derision and/or prejudice towards Armenians, Armenia, and Armenian culture.
Arkady Ivani Ter-Tadevosyan, also known by his nom-de-guerre Komandos, was a Soviet and Armenian Major General, a military leader of the Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War and Armenia's former Deputy Minister of Defense. Ter-Tadevosyan is best known as the commander of the operation to capture the town of Shushi on 8–9 May 1992.
Waltham Toll Bar Academy is a co-educational secondary school and sixth form, in New Waltham, North East Lincolnshire, England.
We Are Our Mountains is a monument north of Stepanakert in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, Azerbaijan. The sculpture, completed in 1967 by Sargis Baghdasaryan, is widely regarded as a symbol of the Armenian heritage of Nagorno-Karabakh, with some considering it to be a symbol of Armenian identity as a whole.
The political status of Nagorno-Karabakh remained unresolved from its declaration of independence on 10 December 1991 to its September 2023 collapse. During Soviet times, it had been an ethnic Armenian autonomous oblast of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, a conflict arose between local Armenians who sought to have Nagorno-Karabakh join Armenia and local Azerbaijanis who opposed this.
The Second Nagorno-Karabakh War was an armed conflict in 2020 that took place in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the surrounding occupied territories. It was a major escalation of an unresolved conflict over the region, involving Azerbaijan, Armenia and the self-declared Armenian breakaway state of Artsakh. The war lasted for 44 days and resulted in Azerbaijani victory, with the defeat igniting anti-government protests in Armenia. Post-war skirmishes continued in the region, including substantial clashes in 2022.
This is an account of engagements which occurred during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War, primarily based on announcements from the belligerents. The war has been characterized by the use of armoured warfare; drone warfare, especially the use of Turkish-made Bayraktar TB2 and Israeli loitering munition Harop drones; heavy artillery; rocket attacks; and trench warfare. It has also featured the deployment of cluster munitions, which are banned by the majority of the international community but not by Armenia or Azerbaijan: Azerbaijan states that Armenia has deployed cluster munitions against civilians, and international third parties have confirmed evidence of Azerbaijan's use of cluster munitions against civilian areas of Nagorno-Karabakh. A series of ballistic missile attacks have inflicted mass civilian casualties in Ganja, Azerbaijan, while civilian residences and infrastructure in Stepanakert, and elsewhere have been targeted, inflicting casualties and causing extensive damage.
The 2020 shelling of Ghazanchetsots Cathedral took place prior to the Battle of Shusha on 8 October, when the Holy Savior Cathedral of the city of Shusha, known as Ghazanchetsots Cathedral, was struck twice by missiles, resulting in the collapse of a part of the roof. Armenia accused the Azerbaijani Armed Forces over the shelling.
During its existence, the Republic of Artsakh and the United States did not have official diplomatic relations as the United States was among the vast majority of countries that did not recognize Artsakh as a sovereign nation and instead recognized the region of Artsakh, or Nagorno-Karabakh, as part of Azerbaijan. Despite no formal relations, the Republic of Artsakh had a representative office in Washington, D.C. since November 1997. It is not known whether the office still functions after the apparent dissolution of Artsakh.
The military forces of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been engaged in a border conflict since 12 May 2021, when Azerbaijani soldiers crossed several kilometers into Armenia in the provinces of Syunik and Gegharkunik. Despite international calls for withdrawal from the European Parliament, the United States, and France, Azerbaijan has maintained its presence on Armenian soil, occupying at least 215 square kilometres (83 sq mi) of internationally recognized Armenian territory. This occupation follows a pattern of Azerbaijan provoking cross-border fights and instigating ceasefire violations when its government is unhappy with the pace of negotiations with Armenia.
This is a list of events that took place in Asia in 2023.
The blockade of Nagorno-Karabakh was an event in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. The region was disputed between Azerbaijan and the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, internationally recognised as part of Azerbaijan, which had an ethnic Armenian population and was supported by neighbouring Armenia, until the dissolution of Republic of Artsakh on 28 September 2023.
Between 19 and 20 September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a large-scale military offensive against the self-declared breakaway state of Artsakh, a move seen as a violation of the ceasefire agreement signed in the aftermath of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War in 2020. The offensive took place in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh, which is de jure a part of Azerbaijan, and was a de facto independent republic. The stated goal of the offensive was the complete disarmament and unconditional surrender of Artsakh, as well as the withdrawal of all ethnic Armenian soldiers present in the region. The offensive occurred in the midst of an escalating crisis caused by Azerbaijan blockading Artsakh, which has resulted in significant scarcities of essential supplies such as food, medicine, and other goods in the affected region.
On 19–20 September 2023 Azerbaijan initiated a military offensive in the disputed Nagorno-Karabakh region which ended with the surrender of the self-declared Republic of Artsakh and the disbandment of its armed forces. Up until the military assault, the region was internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan but governed and populated by ethnic Armenians.
The Lemkin Institute for Genocide Prevention (LIGP), or Lemkin Institute, is a multinational non-governmental organization based in the United States. Its mission is to "[connect] the global grassroots with the tools of genocide prevention."