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A volcanologist, or volcano scientist, is a geologist who focuses on understanding the formation and eruptive activity of volcanoes. Volcanologists frequently visit volcanoes, sometimes active ones, to observe and monitor volcanic eruptions, collect eruptive products including tephra, rock and lava samples. One major focus of inquiry in recent times is the prediction of eruptions to alleviate the impact on surrounding populations and monitor natural hazards associated with volcanic activity. Geologists who research volcanic materials that make up the solid Earth are referred to as igneous petrologists.
Harry Hammond Hess was an American geologist and a United States Navy officer in World War II who is considered one of the "founding fathers" of the unifying theory of plate tectonics. He published theories on sea floor spreading, specifically on relationships between island arcs, seafloor gravity anomalies, and serpentinized peridotite, suggesting that the convection in the Earth's mantle is the driving force behind this process.
George Patrick Leonard Walker was a British geologist who began his career studying mineralogy and later made significant contributions to volcanology. He was widely regarded as one of the pioneers of modern quantitative volcanology.
Herbert Eric Huppert is a British geophysicist. He has been Professor of Theoretical Geophysics and Foundation Director, Institute of Theoretical Geophysics, at the University of Cambridge, since 1989 and Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, since 1970.
The International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI) is a learned society that focuses on research in volcanology, efforts to mitigate volcanic disasters, and research into closely related disciplines, such as igneous geochemistry and petrology, geochronology, volcanogenic mineral deposits, and the physics of the generation and ascent of magmas in the upper mantle and crust. It is one of eight constituent associations of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG).
Sigurdur Thorarinsson was an Icelandic geologist, volcanologist, glaciologist, professor and lyricist. He is considered a pioneer in the field of tephrochronology, and he made significant contributions in many areas of geology, especially volcanology and glaciology, both in Iceland and abroad.
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Ian McDougall was an Australian geologist and geochemist.
Barry Voight is an American geologist, volcanologist, author, and engineer. After earning his Ph.D. at Columbia University, Voight worked as a professor of geology at several universities, including Pennsylvania State University, where he taught from 1964 until his retirement in 2005. He remains an emeritus professor there and still conducts research, focusing on rock mechanics, plate tectonics, disaster prevention, and geotechnical engineering.
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Marie Edmonds is a Professor of volcanology and Earth Sciences at the Department of Earth Sciences at the University of Cambridge whose research focuses on the physics and chemistry of volcanic eruptions and magmatism and understanding volatile cycling in the solid Earth as mediated by plate tectonics. She is interested in the social and economic impacts of natural hazards; and the sustainable use of Earth's mineral and energy resources. Professor Edmonds is the Vice President and Ron Oxburgh Fellow in Earth Sciences at Queens' College, Cambridge. In 2024 she became Head of the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, having previously been Deputy Head of Department and Director of Research for that Department.
Donald Bruce Dingwell is a Canadian geoscientist who is the director of the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Ordinarius for Mineralogy and Petrology of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. He is also currently vice-president of the Academia Europaea. From September 2011 to December 2013, he was the third and last secretary general of the European Research Council (ERC), where he embarked on a global participation campaign for the ERC. He is also a past-President of the European Geosciences Union and the current past-president of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI), founded in 1919.
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Claude Jaupart is a French geophysicist and a member of the French Academy of Sciences.
Costanza Bonadonna is an Italian earth scientist who is a Full Professor of volcanology and geological risk at the University of Geneva. In 2020, she was named President-Elect of volcanology, geochemistry, and petrology at the American Geophysical Union (AGU).
Marta Lucía Calvache Velasco is a Colombian geologist and volcanologist, best known for her work on geological hazards and risk reduction in Colombia.
Stephen Self is a British volcanologist, best known for his work on large igneous provinces and on the global impacts of volcanic eruptions.
References
- ↑ "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 October 2014. Retrieved 14 May 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ "Institute for Biospheric Studies". www.yale.edu. Retrieved 15 May 2009.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 February 2012. Retrieved 14 May 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ "Geological Society – Past Presidents". Archived from the original on 21 April 2009. Retrieved 31 March 2011. Retrieved on 14 May 2009
- ↑ "IAVCEI-International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior". Archived from the original on 6 May 2009. Retrieved 14 May 2009.
- ↑ "UK Government Web Archive". www.rae.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 1 April 2009. Retrieved 15 May 2009.[ title missing ]
- ↑ "No. 59446". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 June 2010. p. 8.
- ↑ "No. 62150". The London Gazette (Supplement). 30 December 2017. p. N2.
- ↑ Royal Medal 2018
