Public transport is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that charge a posted fee for each trip. Examples of public transport include city buses, trolleybuses, trams and passenger trains, rapid transit and ferries. Public transport between cities is dominated by airlines, coaches, and intercity rail. High-speed rail networks are being developed in many parts of the world.
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers. The most common type of bus is the single-deck rigid bus, with larger loads carried by double-decker and articulated buses, and smaller loads carried by midibuses and minibuses; coaches are used for longer-distance services. Many types of buses, such as city transit buses and inter-city coaches, charge a fare. Other types, such as elementary or secondary school buses or shuttle buses within a post-secondary education campus do not charge a fare. In many jurisdictions, bus drivers require a special licence above and beyond a regular driver's licence.
A ferry is a merchant vessel used to carry passengers, and sometimes vehicles and cargo, across a body of water. A passenger ferry with many stops, such as in Venice, Italy, is sometimes called a water bus or water taxi.
The company was created in 1973, in part to help coordinate the public transport around Oslo. The metropolitan area of Oslo stretches beyond the city limits into the county of Akershus. This had created problems coordinating public transport between the counties. From 1 January 2008, the new company Ruter takes care of public transport in Oslo and Akershus.
Ruter AS is the public transport authority for Oslo and Akershus counties in Norway. Formally a limited company – 60% of its shares are owned by the Oslo county municipality and 40% by that of Akershus – it is responsible for the administration, funding, and marketing of public transport in the two counties, including buses, the Oslo Metro, Oslo Trams, and ferry services. Ruter also holds agreements with Norwegian State Railways concerning the regulation of fares on local and regional train services operated within the two counties.
Norgesbuss AS is a Norwegian bus company that operates in Akershus and Oslo. Norgesbuss has 450 buses, 900 employees and is owned by Torghatten ASA. The company operates on public service obligation contracts with Ruter, in addition to the Airport Express with the franchise NOR-WAY Bussekspress between Oslo and Oslo Airport, Gardermoen.
Schaus Buss AS is a bus company that operates routes in Vestby, Oslo on contract with Stor-Oslo Lokaltrafikk. The company was established in 1943 and has about 40 buses and tank trucks.
Sandvika Fjordturer is a passenger ferry operator in Oslofjord in Akershus, Norway. The company operates from Kadettangen outside of Sandvika to the islands of Borøya, Brønnøya, Ostøya and Langåra on contract with Ruter, serving route 711. The company operates the ferries M/S Rigmor and M/S Rigfar, the first being the oldest wooden ferry in regular scheduled traffic in Norway. The company has 40,000 passengers annually. Kadettangen is served by the lines 705 and 706 of the Ruter bus network. The nearest railway station is Sandvika.
Transport in Norway is highly influenced by Norway's low population density, narrow shape and long coastline. Norway has old water transport traditions, but road, rail and air transport have increased in importance during the 20th century. Due to the low population density, public transport is somewhat less built out in rural areas of Norway, however public transport in, and around cities is well developed.
Sporveien Oslo AS is a municipally owned public transport operator in Oslo, Norway. It operates the trackage and maintains the stock of the Oslo Metro and Oslo Tramway, as well as owning eight operating subsidiaries. In 2005, its 2,365 employees transported 160 million passengers 710 million kilometers, and since 2008 it has operated on contract with the public transport authority Ruter.
Vy Buss AS, formerly Nettbuss AS, is the largest bus company in Norway, owned by Vy. It was established on 10 February 2000 as the continuation of the bus operations from former NSB Biltrafikk. In addition to bus services in major parts of Norway, it also operates buses in Sweden through subsidiaries.
Fosen Trafikklag is a company operating buses and ferries in Trøndelag and Østlandet in Norway. In total the company has approximately 750 vehicles and 16 ships, though numerous of them operate by subsidiaries.
Tide ASA is a public transport company in Hordaland, Norway which resulted from the merger of Gaia Trafikk and Hardanger Sunnhordlandske Dampskipsselskap (HSD). The company provides the public transit network in the city of Bergen, and most of the bus service in Hordaland on contract with Skyss. Tide also runs the buses in northern Rogaland on contract with Kolumbus.
Boreal Norge AS is a Norwegian public transport operator. Established as a subsidiary of CGEA Transport in 1999, it operates through its subsidiaries buses, ferries and trams in the counties of Finnmark, Nordland, Rogaland, Sør-Trøndelag and Troms, primarily through the purchase of former monopolists. The company has 2,500 employees and operates ca 920 buses, 34 ferries/ships and 9 trams.
AS Oslo Sporveier is a defunct municipal owned company responsible for public transport in Oslo, Norway. It was created in 1924 to take over the city's two private tram companies. In 1927 its started with bus transport, including from 1940 to 1968 trolleybuses. Since 1966 rapid transit and from 1985 water buses have also been operated by the company. It was split into two separate companies in 2006; Kollektivtransportproduksjon took over the operation while Oslo Public Transport Administration was responsible for buying the services, fare regulation and marketing. The latter merged into Ruter in 2008, when the Oslo Sporveier brand was discontinued.
Kolumbus AS, formerly Rogaland Kollektivtrafikk FKF, is the public transportation administration in Rogaland, Norway and organised as a county agency. The agency is responsible for planning, marketing and organising the public transport in Rogaland, including buses and passenger ferries, but does not perform any transport itself. Instead it awards public service obligation (PSO) contracts to independent operators. The agency was created on January 1, 2002 and has 35 employees and offices at Byterminalen in Stavanger. All buses operated in Rogaland are branded as Kolumbus and painted green. Before Kolumbus was created, there was several smaller companies who was responsible for the transport in the different parts of Rogaland. However, because of complications with bus lines not overlapping with each other, the bus companies finally decided to unite and become Kolumbus, or Rogaland Kollektivtrafikk as it is also known as.
AS Oslo Sporveier or the Oslo Public Transport Administration is a municipally owned limited company that is responsible for planning, marketing and organising the public transport in Oslo, Norway. The company does not operate any public transport, but instead either awards public service obligation (PSO) contracts or negotiates contracts with Oslo T-banedrift and Oslo Sporvognsdrift concerning the operation of Oslo T-bane and the Oslo Tramway.
Unibuss, formerly known as AS Sporveisbussene and Nexus Trafikk, is a Norwegian bus company based in Oslo, Norway. It is a subsidiary of the municipal public transport group Sporveien, and was created in 2003 to allow the company to compete for the public service obligation (PSO) contracts through which Oslo was to operate its bus system. In 2017 Unibuss carried 98 million passengers on 759 buses operating on 203 routes and covering a total annual road distance of almost 41.4 million kilometres. With 1860 employees, the company had an operating income in that year of NOK 1684 million.
Nobina Norge AS is a Norwegian bus company, owned by Nobina, that operates in the counties of Akershus, Hordaland and the cities of Oslo and Tromsø.
Finnmark Fylkesrederi og Ruteselskap AS (FFR), formerly Finmarkens Amtsrederi (FAR), was a road ferry, fast ferry and bus operator owned by Finnmark County Municipality. The headquarters were located in Hammerfest. In addition they operated four Hertz car rental offices in Finnmark. In 2003, the company was sold to Veolia Transport's Norwegian branch; Veolia Transport Norge, and in 2007 the company was merged into Veolia Transport Nord.
Opplandstrafikk is the public transport administration for bus transport in Oppland, Norway and is part of the central administration of the Oppland County Municipality. The unit plans, markets and organises the public transport in Oppland, but does not operate any buses itself. Instead it issues contracts to operating companies based on negotiated contracts or public service obligation. Opplandstrafikk has mostly bus traffic, but also one ferry line, Tangen–Horn in Gran municipality. The rail traffic inside Oppland is organised and ticketed by NSB without involvement of Opplandstrafikk.
Hordaland County Municipality is the regional governing administration of Hordaland county, Norway. The main responsibilities of the county municipality includes the running of 46 upper secondary schools, with 17,000 pupils. It manages all the county roadways, public transport, dental care, culture, and cultural heritage sites in the county.
The Oslo Package 2 or O2 is a political agreement for financing investments in public transport in Oslo and Akershus, Norway. The program runs from 2001 to 2011, and includes many large and small investments in railways, the Oslo Tramway, the Oslo Metro and infrastructure for buses. Total budget is 15.6 billion kr. The project is a cooperation between the transit authorities Oslo Sporveier and Stor-Oslo Lokaltrafikk, Oslo Municipality and Akershus County Municipality, and the government agencies of the Norwegian National Rail Administration and the Norwegian Public Roads Administration.
The Vika Line is a light rail section of the Oslo Tramway in Oslo, Norway. It runs between Wessels plass, through the neighborhood of Vika and Aker Brygge, before arriving at Solli. The section is served by SL79 trams on line 12. The line is owned by the municipal company Kollektivtransportproduksjon, and operated by its subsidiary Oslo Sporvognsdrift.
Oslo Package 1 was a political agreement and plan for introducing an urban toll ring around Oslo, Norway, and making 31 investments to road infrastructure in Oslo and Akershus. The package was approved in 1988, and toll charges were introduced in 1990. It was supplemented by Oslo Package 2, which included a similar scheme for public transport. In 2008, they were both replaced by Oslo Package 3.
The transportation system of Oslo county and Oslo city is a cooperation of different systems of infrastructure. Oslo is the most populous city in Norway and offers a large range of transportation systems. The public transportation system include buses, trams, metro and railway, and several large Norwegian and European roadways go through Oslo.
The Fornebu Line is a proposed rail line which would serve the peninsula of Fornebu in Bærum, Norway. The line is in the planning stages and the transit agency Ruter is working towards connecting it to the Oslo Metro. The line has at various stages been proposed as a automated people mover, tram-train, tramway, light rail, stadtbahn, rapid transit, bus rapid transit and commuter rail. The current proposal consists of a metro line starting at Majorstuen Station and running entirely in a tunnel for 8,150 meters (26,740 ft). It would possible have a station at Madserud, and then stations at Skøyen, Vækerø, Lysaker, Telenor Arena, Flytårnet and Fornebu Senter. A depot would be built at Fornebu and the line would connect to the metro's Common Tunnel at Majorstuen.
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