Streptomyces is the largest genus of Actinomycetota, and the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. Over 700 species of Streptomyces bacteria have been described. As with the other Actinomycetota, streptomycetes are gram-positive, and have very large genomes with high GC content. Found predominantly in soil and decaying vegetation, most streptomycetes produce spores, and are noted for their distinct "earthy" odor that results from production of a volatile metabolite, geosmin. Different strains of the same species may colonize very diverse environments.
Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam drug that functions as a mechanism-based β-lactamase inhibitor. While not effective by itself as an antibiotic, when combined with penicillin-group antibiotics, it can overcome antibiotic resistance in bacteria that secrete β-lactamase, which otherwise inactivates most penicillins.
Novobiocin, also known as albamycin, is an aminocoumarin antibiotic that is produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces niveus, which has recently been identified as a subjective synonym for S. spheroides a member of the class Actinomycetia. Other aminocoumarin antibiotics include clorobiocin and coumermycin A1. Novobiocin was first reported in the mid-1950s.
Validamycin is an antibiotic and fungicide produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. It is used as an inhibitor of trehalase. It is used for the control of sheath blight of rice and damping-off of cucumbers.
Streptomyces albidoflavus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil from Poland. Streptomyces albidoflavus produces dibutyl phthalate and streptothricins.
Streptomyces cacaoi is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces cacaoi produces polyoxine.
Streptomyces caeruleatus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from rhizosphere soil from a tomato plant in Guangzhou in China.
Streptomyces canus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in the US. Streptomyces canus produces resistomycin, tetracenomycin D, amphomycin, aspartocin D and aspartocin E.
Streptomyces cavourensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in Italy. Streptomyces cavourensis produces flavensomycin.
Streptomyces diastaticus is an alkaliphilic and thermophilic bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces. Streptomyces diastaticus produces oligomycin A, oligomycin C, rimocidin and the leukotriene-A4 hydrolase-inhibitor 8(S)-amino-2(R)-methyl-7-oxononanoic acid. Streptomyces diastaticus also produces gougerotin and diastaphenazine and the antibiotic ruticin.
Streptomyces lacticiproducens is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from the rhizosphere of a tomato plant in Guangzhou in China. Streptomyces lacticiproducens produces lactic acid.
Streptomyces lydicus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil in the United States. Streptomyces lydicus produces actithiazic acid, natamycin, lydimycin, streptolydigin, and 1-deoxygalactonojirimycin. Streptomyces lydicus can be used as an agent against fungal plant pathogens like Fusarium, Pythium, Phytophthora, Rhizoctonia and Verticillum.
Streptomyces sanyensis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from mangrove soil in Sanya in Hainan in China. Streptomyces sanyensis produces indolocarbazoles.
Streptomyces scopuliridis is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from woodland soil from Rainbow Bluff in Lynn in Alabama in the United States. Streptomyces scopuliridis produces bacteriocins, desotamides B, desotamides C, desotamides D, sesquiterpenoids and herbicidins.
Streptomyces tyrosinilyticus is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from river sediments from the South River in Jiaohe in the Jilin Province in China.
Streptomyces virginiae is a bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from soil. Streptomyces virginiae produces actithiazic acid, virginiamycins and cycloserine. Streptomyces virginiae also produces monensin A, monensin B, monensin C, monensin D, actithiazic acid.
Streptomyces zinciresistens is a filamentous bacterium species from the genus of Streptomyces which has been isolated from a copper and zinc mine in the Shaanxi province in China. Streptomyces zinciresistens is resistant against zinc.
Streptomyces formicae is a species of bacteria from the genus Streptomyces, which has been isolated from the ant Camponotus japonicus in Harbin in China and the ant Tetraponera penzigi in Africa. The complete genome sequence of S. formicae was published in 2017.
C-1027 or lidamycin is an antitumor antibiotic consisting of a complex of an enediyne chromophore and an apoprotein. It shows antibiotic activity against most Gram-positive bacteria. It is one of the most potent cytotoxic molecules known, due to its induction of a higher ratio of DNA double-strand breaks than single-strand breaks.
