External links
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
Stuart Holland | |
|---|---|
| Shadow Minister for Overseas Development | |
| In office 31 October 1983 –13 July 1987 | |
| Leader | Neil Kinnock |
| Preceded by | Guy Barnett |
| Succeeded by | Unknown |
| Member of Parliament for Vauxhall | |
| In office 3 May 1979 –18 May 1989 | |
| Preceded by | George Strauss |
| Succeeded by | Kate Hoey |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 25 March 1940 |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Labour |
| Alma mater | University of Oxford |
Stuart Kingsley Holland (born 25 March 1940) is a British economist and former politician. As a Member of Parliament for the Labour Party,Holland represented the Vauxhall constituency in Lambeth,London,from 1979 to 1989,when he resigned his seat to take up a post at the European University Institute in Florence.
Holland has held teaching and research posts at the Universities of Oxford and of Sussex,the European University Institute and the Universities of Roskilde and of Coimbra;has authored over 180 articles,many of which are in referred journals,chapters in books and other papers and conference presentations;and authored,co-authored or edited over 15 books on economic theory and policy,international trade,economic integration,regional theory and policy,social policies,development economics and global governance. Holland is a visiting professor at the Faculty of Economics of the University of Coimbra and a Senior Scholar of the Institute of Social and European Studies,Köszeg,Hungary. [1]
Born in 1940,Stuart Holland studied and taught history and political theory at University of Oxford,became an adviser to Harold Wilson on European affairs and gained the consent of Charles de Gaulle for a second British application to join the European Community. [2]
Resigning from 10 Downing Street when Wilson did not follow through the proposal for a European Technology Community and for mutual currency support,Holland gained an economics doctorate at Oxford and drafted what in the early 1970s became the economic programme of the British Labour Party when he researched and taught at Sussex University. [3] [4]
His case for state holding companies in energy and industry led to the creation of the British National Oil Corporation and a National Enterprise Board. His proposals for regional development agencies led to the creation of the Scottish,Welsh and Northern Ireland Development Agencies and the Greater London Enterprise Board (now London Enterprise).
From 1979 to 1989,he was Labour Member of Parliament for Vauxhall. As shadow minister for development co-operation from 1983 to 1987,he drafted the 1985 Global Challenge report for the Socialist International and led the first Labour Party delegation to China since Clement Attlee in 1952. He then was shadow financial secretary to the Treasury before he left Westminster to help Jacques Delors shape European Union policies for economic and social cohesion.
MPs resign from the House of Commons by being appointed to an office of profit under the Crown. Holland was appointed to the sinecure post of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds and held it for five years and 247 days the longest time that the post has been held since its creation in 1850.
Holland's proposals to Delors for bonds like during the US New Deal to offset the deflationary Maastricht debt and deficit conditions resurfaced during the eurozone crisis. [5] His case to Delors on the case for a New Bretton Woods Conference was endorsed by Bill Clinton at his first G7 in Naples but was not followed through by European governments. [6]
Holland's more recent case that the G20 should constitute the governing body of a World Development Organization also has attracted high-level interest from the Permanent Representatives to the UN of China,Japan,India,South Africa,Brazil and Mexico.
His earlier advice to Andreas Papandreou,backed by François Mitterrand,prompted the first revision of the Treaty of Rome with commitments to an internal market and to economic and social cohesion in the 1986 Single European Act.
His later advice to Portuguese Prime Minister António Guterres included a cohesion and convergence remit for the European Investment Bank to invest in health,education,urban regeneration and new technology without counting on national debt. In 199,the European Council endorsed the proposal,as did employer and trades union representatives on the Economic and Social Committee of the EU in 2012.
In 2010,he co-authored A Modest Proposal with the Greek economist Yanis Varoufakis. [7]
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| People | |
| Other | |
Jacques Lucien Jean Delors was a French politician who served as the eighth president of the European Commission from 1985 to 1995. Delors played a key role in the creation of the single market, the euro and the modern European Union.
The Bretton Woods Conference, formally known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, was the gathering of 730 delegates from all 44 allied nations at the Mount Washington Hotel, in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States, to regulate what would be the international monetary and financial order after the conclusion of World War II.
Industrialisation (UK) or industrialization (US) is the period of social and economic change that transforms a human group from an agrarian society into an industrial society. This involves an extensive reorganisation of an economy for the purpose of manufacturing. Industrialisation is associated with increase of polluting industries heavily dependent on fossil fuels. With the increasing focus on sustainable development and green industrial policy practices, industrialisation increasingly includes technological leapfrogging, with direct investment in more advanced, cleaner technologies.
Neo-feudalism or new feudalism is a theorized contemporary rebirth of policies of governance, economy, and public life, reminiscent of those which were present in many feudal societies. Such aspects include, but are not limited to: Unequal rights and legal protections for common people and for nobility, dominance of societies by a small and powerful elite, a lack of social mobility, and relations of lordship and serfdom between the elite and the people, where the former are rich and the latter poor.
The European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) is the major trade union organisation representing workers at the European level. In its role as a European social partner, the ETUC works both in a consulting role with the European Commission and negotiates agreements and work programmes with European employers. It coordinates the national and sectoral policies of its affiliates on social and economic matters, particularly in the framework of the EU institutional processes, including European economic governance and the EU Semester.
A transition economy or transitional economy is an economy which is changing from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. Transition economies undergo a set of structural transformations intended to develop market-based institutions. These include economic liberalization, where prices are set by market forces rather than by a central planning organization. In addition to this trade barriers are removed, there is a push to privatize state-owned enterprises and resources, state and collectively run enterprises are restructured as businesses, and a financial sector is created to facilitate macroeconomic stabilization and the movement of private capital. The process has been applied in China, the former Soviet Union and Eastern bloc countries of Europe and some Third world countries, and detailed work has been undertaken on its economic and social effects.
The Anglo-Saxon model is a regulated market-based economic model that emerged in the 1970s based on the Chicago school of economics, spearheaded in the 1980s in the United States by the economics of then President Ronald Reagan, and reinforced in the United Kingdom by then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. However, its origins are said to date to the 18th century in the United Kingdom and the ideas of the classical economist Adam Smith.
Mesoeconomics or Mezzoeconomics is a neologism used to describe the study of economic arrangements which are not based either on the microeconomics of buying and selling and supply and demand, nor on the macroeconomic reasoning of aggregate totals of demand, but on the importance of the structures under which these forces play out, and how to measure these effects. Mesoeconomics, as a science, began to take shape back in the 19th century. Among the researchers, the most notable contribution to the development of problems of regional economic theory, issues of the location of production forces and the efficiency of regional production was made by German economists - Johann Heinrich Thünen, Alfred Weber, Walter Kristaller, August Lesch, professor of economics at the University of Pennsylvania Walter Isard, French economist Jean Chardonnay, American economist of Russian origin Vasily Leontiev, V. Thompson, T. Palander, as well as the authors of the famous textbooks H. Armstrong and J. Taylor. Among Soviet researchers of the first half of the 20th century, G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, I.G. Alexandrova, V.V. Kuibyshev, N.N. Nasrudin Nasri, who dealt with long-term planning and economic zoning. Among the Russian scientists of the second half of the 20th century, research in the field of regional distribution, the creation of territorial production complexes and the efficiency of regional production: T.S. Khachaturova, Ya.G. Feigina, N.N. Nekrasov, A.G. Granberg, P.M. Alampieva, E.B. Alaeva, K.N. Bedrintseva, G.I. Granik, F.D. Zastavny, R.S. Livshits, K.I. Klimenko, Yu.K. Kozlova, A.M. Korneeva, V.V. Kistanova, A.G. Omarovsky, N.N. Oznobina, V.F. Pavlenko, M.M. Palamarchuk, Yu.G. Saushkina, E. D. Silaeva, N.I. Shraga and V.M. Torosov. Several books on this topic, including the book by V.M. Torosov. "Mesoeconomics" of 2004, Mann 2011 [2] and Eng 1987, [3] most accurately determine the field of application of mesoeconomics. As of 2014, 474 articles and books have been written on this topic.
Yannis Dragasakis is a Greek politician and who served as Deputy Prime Minister of Greece from 27 January to 28 August 2015 and 23 September 2015 to 8 July 2019. He is a member of the Greek Parliament for the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) for the Athens B constituency.
Yew-Kwang Ng is a Malaysian-Australian economist, who is currently Special Chair Professor of Economics at Fudan University, Shanghai, and a Distinguished Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia. He has published in a variety of academic disciplines and is best known for his work in welfare economics.
The term exorbitant privilege refers to the benefits the United States has due to its own currency being the international reserve currency. For example, the US would not face a balance of payments crisis, because their imports are purchased in their own currency. Exorbitant privilege as a concept cannot refer to currencies that have a regional reserve currency role, only to global reserve currencies.
Daniel Gros is a German economist who currently serves as the Director of the Institute for European Policymaking (IEP) at Bocconi University.
The social dividend is the return on the natural resources and capital assets owned by society in a socialist economy. The concept notably appears as a key characteristic of market socialism, where it takes the form of a dividend payment to each citizen derived from the property income generated by publicly owned enterprises, representing the individual's share of the capital and natural resources owned by society.
Franco Archibugi was an Italian scholar in political, economic and social sciences, university professor in economic policy and spatial planning. He largely operated in Italy and in international governmental agencies; including in the field of economic development, social welfare and cooperation policy. Archibugi was the author of several works in planning theory and methodology, and was among the theorists and promoters of a new unitary discipline of planning – the “Planology” – aimed at creating a bridge between the theoretical scientific progress in economics and other social sciences with the actual political and administrative efficiency and management. After retiring from academia, he was still an active researcher as President of the Planning Studies Centre. He died in Rome in November 2020 at the age of 94.
Jeroen René Victor Anton Dijsselbloem is a Dutch politician and economist serving as Mayor of Eindhoven since 13 September 2022, succeeding John Jorritsma (VVD). A member of the Labour Party (PvdA), he has also been Chairman of the supervisory board of Wageningen University since 1 April 2019.
Ioannis Georgiou "Yanis" Varoufakis is a Greek economist and politician. Since 2018, he has been Secretary-General of Democracy in Europe Movement 2025 (DiEM25), a left-wing pan-European political party he co-founded in 2016. Previously, he was a member of Syriza and was Greece's Minister of Finance between January 2015 and July 2015, negotiating on behalf of the Greek government during the 2009-2018 Greek government-debt crisis.
Nicholas Theocarakis, also transcribed as Nikos Theocharakis, is a Greek economist and professor of economics at Athens University. He is the author of several books and contributions on economic theory and history of economic thought.
The Democracy in Europe Movement 2025, or DiEM25, is a left-wing European political alliance founded in 2016. It operates as a pan-European umbrella for subsidiary parties sharing the same name and branding, and runs electoral lists with other affiliated parties. Despite its organisation and sometimes being referred to as a "European party" or "transnational party", DiEM25 does not meet the requirements to register as a European political party.
The Global Minotaur: America, Europe and the Future of the Global Economy is a book by economist and former Minister of Finance for Greece Yanis Varoufakis, first published in 2011 by Zed Books. A third edition was released in July 2015 with the updated subtitle America, the True Causes of the Financial Crisis and the Future of the World Economy.
Shaun Hargreaves Heap is a professor of political economy at King's College, London. He is an expert on game theory, behavioural economics, and macroeconomic policy.
