Subrat Kumar Prusty | |
---|---|
Institute of Odia Studies and Research | |
Personal details | |
Born | 8 June 1976 Bidyadharpur, Jajpur, Odisha |
Nationality | Indian |
Residence | Bhubaneswar |
Education | MA, LLB, PhD |
Alma mater | Utkal University, Bhubaneswar |
Occupation | Researcher, linguist, literary critique, and author |
Awards | PRESIDENTIAL AWARD OF Maharshi Badrayan Vyas Samman −2019 For Classical Odia |
Website | http://iosrodisha.in/ |
Subrat Kumar Prusty (born 1976) is an Indian Odia-language scholar, activist, social entrepreneur, literary critic and author. [1] [2] He is Member Secretary of the Institute of Odia Studies and Research, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. [3] He was instrumental in preparing the research documents, advocating the awarding of Classical Language status to Odia, [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] forming Central Institute of Classical Odia, Odia University and implementation of the Odisha Official Language Act, 1954. [10] He was awarded the Presidential Certificate of Honour and Maharshi Badrayan Vyas Samman – 2019 for Classical Odia. [11]
Dr. Subrat Kumar Prusty was born the third son of Late Rajkishore Prusty and Indumati Prusty in the village of Bidyadharpur, near Jajpur Town, the oldest capital of Odisha situated on the banks of Budha, a tributary of the Holy Baitarani. After his schooling at Sudarshan Padhi High School, he chose to join N.C. College Jajpur (then affiliated with Utkal University, where he did his B.A. honours, this was followed by a master's degree in Odia language and literature with a specialization in linguistics from Ravenshaw University, Cuttack. During that time, he was the publisher and editor of a monthly magazine, Maheswati, which is published in Jajpur. It was here that he started writing Odia stories and poetry. As a story writer, he owns the first literary award in School period. He did his LLB from Madhusudan Law College, Cuttack.
Prusty followed in his father's footsteps practicing Social Service. During his high school years, he established a library and book bank for rural pupils who were lacking the facilities to purchase books for their studies. To extend the service to a larger number of youth, he established Sangathan Viswabharatiyam and Ganatantrika Grama Samaj. The organization fought for the untouchables and for their social rights. As a volunteer leader of Sangathan Viswa Bharatiyam, he organised relief camps and rehabilitation in the super cyclone-hit areas of coastal Odisha from 31 October 1999 to 10 December 1999. He also participated as a front-line volunteer in the Orissa Disaster Mitigation Mission in Bhubaneswar and organised a relief camp in earthquake-hit areas of Gujarat on 31 January 2001 to 10 February 2001. [12] [13]
Dr. Prusty qualified for the national eligibility test (UGC-NET/JRF) in Odia three times and joined Utkal University as a research scholar. He submitted his PhD thesis entitled Social Relevance of Odia Novel and was awarded a PhD degree in 2014 from Utkal University. Through his research work, the Odia language has received classical status. [14] [15] He studied Ancient Indian rock paintings and inscriptions in an attempt to prove that the Indian script is not related to the Sumerian, Hurrian, or Elamite scripts but that the Indian scripts are most closely related to the cave arts which existed in primitive to modern Indian architecture, thus attempting to establish the cave arts as the forerunners of Indian scripts. [16]
Prusty's research activities involve document preparation for the classical status of Odia language. [18] While the common scholarly and intellectual consensus in Odisha was that Odia script, language and literature were not more than 1000 years old, Prusty proved with sufficient evidence that not only are the Odia language and script more than 5000 years old, but Odia literature is also as old as Sanskrit literature. [19] [20]
First time he read the rock painting of the yogimatha [21] of Nuapada District of Odisha, he deduced that it was an older Indian script. The script Ga, and o (tha) was discovered in the Yogimatha rock painting. The painting depicted a person with four animals and an alphabet. According to Prusty, the painting had a word like Gaitha (a common Odia word at present, Gotha or 'group' in English). The art closely was related to this alphabet. [22] The alphabet has a similarity to the script of the inscriptions in Dhauli and Jaugada of Ashoka. He assumed it was an ancient form of Indian script and it is the first glimpse of the possible origin of the Odia language and script. [23]
Prusty proved that Kharavel's Hatigumpha inscription (40 B.C.) was the real evidence of past Odia cultural, political, ritual and social status and it is the first poetic stake inscription. [24] [25] Though Ashoka created many rock edicts and inscriptions before Kharavela, his instructions for administration were written in a rude and chocked language. On the other hand, the Hatigumpha inscriptions show the flexibility of a language in a sweet flow. [26] [27] [28] [29]
Prusty argued some important points about classical status for the Odia Language. He also proved that Sanskrit as the source of the modern Indo-Aryan languages, Classical Odia is the source language of East India and South-East Asia's language. [30] As Sanskrit is the most conservative and least changed of the Indo-Aryan languages, Odia is the conservative and advance updated languages as well that linguists must understand its nature and development. Unlike the other modern languages of India, Odia meets each of these requirements. It is extremely old (According to L.S.S O’ Malley, as old as Latin and Vedic Sanskrit); it arose as an entirely independent tradition, with almost no influence from Sanskrit or other languages; and its ancient literature is indescribably vast and rich. [31] [32] After more than five years of deep research work without any help and guidance, Prusty published documentations which led to a political and intellectual movement for awarding Odia the status of a Classical Language.
The Annual National Language Conference on Indian languages is the brainchild of Subrat Prusty. After the recognition of Odia as a classical language, The Conference was organized by the Institute of Odia Studies and Research for two days on 2 and 3 January 2014. The goal was to help create a platform to discuss language issues and support the language movement in preserving the regional heritage and culture. [33] The conference was inaugurated by the Minister of Education Badrinarayana Patra and was attended by more than two hundred scholars of languages, linguistics, and humanities as well as sociologists. Dr. Hermann Kulke, Professor at Kiel University, Germany, Prof. H.C. Boralingaiah, Vice-Chancellor of Kananda University, Prof. K. Rathnaiah, Vice-Chancellor of Dravidian University, Dr. K. Ramasamy, Founder Director CICT were participated as guests. the seventh National Language Conference (2021) was held on 31 March – 1 April 2021 at Sri Jagannath Sanskrit University, Puri, Odisha. [34]
Early in his life as a student, Pruty created or was involved with various social service organisations. But soon after his research work, he again entered active organizational work and formed Janasammilani, Odisha. [35] His views on the eradication of poverty rests on setting up industry and that reformation in agriculture should be encouraged with related cottage industry, as Odisha is essentially an agricultural state. He has worked to impart Education in Odia. [36] For this purpose he began to train promising students to appear in various competitive examinations in Odia. [37] [38]
In 2015, he formed the Odia Bhasa Sangram Samiti [39] [40] with intellectuals, academicians and politicians of Odisha to implement the Government Language Act-1954 of Odisha. Through this, the Odisha government was formed a ministerial committee. He was also a member of this committee. [41] As per the committee's decision, the Odisha government has been carrying out various development works for the Odia language since 2015. To spread and preserve history and culture of Odisha and enrich the Odia language, a proposal of this ministerial committee to this effect was approved first Heritage Cabinet meeting presided over by the CM at Puri on 26 Dec 2017 and also conducted entirely in Odia. The heritage cabinat approved 20th numbers of proposal like the culture department renamed as 'Odia Language, Literature and Culture' department, the cabinet to make provisions of punishment for not using Odia in official work, set up Odia Language Commission, world conference on Odia language will be organised every five years, fees waived for studying Odia at the graduate and post-graduate level in colleges and universities, Byasakabi Fakir Mohan scholarship for high mark in Odia at plus two and plus three levels students, number of professors in Odia departments in colleges and universities will be increased to facilitate more research in the field of Odia language and literature. [42] It was decided that established separate Odia University and Classical chair in JNU, BHU and Gujarat for research in Odia language, literature, Culture and Heritage of Odisha.
This campaign has been started to awaken the identity and self-respect of Odia among the people of Odisha. More than 70,000 people from 30 districts have joined the three-year-long campaign. The main objective of this campaign is to make people aware of their problems and their role in solving them. [43] [44]
Odianess in Prusty evoked a spirit of establishing Odia Biswabidyalaya [45] [46] (transl. Odia University ). [47] He prepared a private membership bill and presented it at Odisha Legislative Assembly through Hon’ble member Dr. Sipra Mallick. [48] [49] [50] For this purpose he started The Institute of Odia Studies and Research. His first success was when Odia was declared a Classical Language by the Government of India. The institute, which had played an important role in documenting the classical nature of the Odia language, along with the culture department, hopes to bring in other departments in the future.
After helping the Odia language to receive classical status, Prusty's one-point mission is now to found an Odia-language university to create a body of knowledge and research in Odia and to develop the Odia language as a lingua franca like that of Palli or Sanskrit in ancient India and English in modern times.
This program has been started for 10 lakhs youth studying in Odia medium. As many as 600 colleges and 1,027 schools from 30 districts have joined the 12-year-long campaign. [51] They are being informed about the kind of facilities provided by the Odisha government if they study in Odia and how they can become doctors, engineers, IAS. The main objective of this program is to work for the meritorious students of Odisha and utilize their knowledge in the development of Odisha. He was also giving free coaching to poor slum students through Odia Pathshala to crack various competitive exams. [52]
Odia is a classical Indo-Aryan language spoken in the Indian state of Odisha. It is the official language in Odisha, where native speakers make up 82% of the population, and it is also spoken in parts of West Bengal, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Odia is one of the many official languages of India; it is the official language of Odisha and the second official language of Jharkhand. The Odia language has various dialects varieties, including the Baleswari Odia, Kataki, Ganjami Odia, Sundargadi Odia, Sambalpuri, Desia and Tribal Community dialects who spoken by the tribals groups in Odisha who adopted the Odia language.
The Kalinga script or Southern Nagari is a Brahmic script used in the region of what is now modern-day Odisha, India and was primarily used to write Odia language in the inscriptions of the kingdom of Kalinga which was under the reign of early Eastern Ganga dynasty. By the 12th century, with the defeat of the Somavamshi dynasty by the Eastern Ganga monarch Anantavarman Chodaganga and the subsequent reunification of the Trikalinga(the three regions of ancient Odra- Kalinga, Utkala and Dakshina Koshala) region, the Kalinga script got replaced by the Siddhaṃ script-derived Proto-Oriya script which became the ancestor of the modern Odia script.
Odia literature is literature written in the Odia language, mostly from the Indian state of Odisha. The modern Odia language is mostly formed from Tadbhava words with significant Sanskrit (Tatsama) influences, along with loanwords from Desaja, English, Hindustani (Hindi/Urdu), Persian, and Arabic. Its earliest written texts date from around 1000 CE. The earliest Odia newspaper was Utkala Deepika, first published on August 4, 1866.
The history of cave paintings in India or rock art range from drawings and paintings from prehistoric times, beginning in the caves of Central India, typified by those at the Bhimbetka rock shelters from around 10,000 BP, to elaborate frescoes at sites such as the rock-cut artificial caves at Ajanta and Ellora, extending as late as 6th–10th century CE.
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Gudahandi also known as 'Gudahandi Hills' and 'Gudahandi Caves' is a pre-historic site in Odisha, India. It is located in the Ambapani sanctuary of Kalahandi district of Odisha. It is close to the Nabarangpur district Border and about 17 km and 88 km away from Ampani and District Headquarters Bhawanipatna respectively.
Binapani Mohanty was an Indian Odia language writer and academician. She was well known for her works such as Patadei and Kasturi Mriga. She was a professor in economics before retiring. She had been awarded Padmashree by the Government of India and Atibadi Jagannatha Das Sammana by Odisha Sahitya Akademi. She had earlier won the Sahitya Akademi Award and Sarala Award. She had served as chairperson of Odisha Lekhika Sansad.
Gouri Kumar Brahma was an academic, literary critic, orator and writer. His works are mainly in Odia and Sanskrit. He was popular for his talks on Jagannath culture and literature of Upendra Bhanja in Odia, English Sanskrit and Hindi. He died at Bhubaneswar.
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Yogimath is situated in Nuapada district at a distance of about 9 km from Khariar western Odisha border area and 67 km from Bhawanipatna of Kalahandi District. This place is famous for its neolithic cave paintings. In Yogimath caves the paintings are drawn by red paint over rock surfaces. The most significant pictures are of a bull followed by cow, calf and a man indicating the domestication of animal by man and agriculture. The past glory of this place is still unexplored. Near Yogimath, there is a mountain named Risipiti which is well known for producing clear echoes.
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Chittaranjan Das, popularly known as Chitta Bhai or Chitbhai, was an Indian writer, translator, critic, and social reformer from Orissa. A multilingual, he focused his works in Odia language, covering a wide range of topics including education, literature, cultural creativity, social criticism, social work, sociology, and religion.
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