Swartzieae

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Swartzieae
13010-Swartzia picta-Caura.JPG
Swartzia picta
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Swartzieae
DC.
Type genus
Swartzia
Schreb.
Subclades and Genera

See text.

Swartzieae distribution.svg
Distribution of the Swartzieae
Synonyms [ citation needed ]
  • Swartziaceae Bartling
  • Swartzieae clade
  • Swartzieae sensu stricto
  • Swartzioid clade Torke and Schaal 2008 [1]
  • Swartzioids sensu lato
  • Tounateeae Baill. 1870

The tribe Swartzieae is an early-branching monophyletic clade of the flowering plant subfamily Faboideae or Papilionaceae. Traditionally this tribe has been used as a wastebasket taxon to accommodate genera of Faboideae which exhibit actinomorphic, rather than zygomorphic floral symmetry and/or incompletely differentiated petals and free stamens. [2] [3] It was recently revised and most of its genera were redistributed to other tribes (Amburaneae, Baphieae, and Exostyleae). [2] [4] [5] Under its new circumscription, this clade is consistently resolved in molecular phylogenies. [2] [4] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [1] [11] Members of this tribe possess "non-papilionate swartzioid flowers[…]largely characterized by a tendency to lack petals combined with a profusion and elaboration of free stamens" [2] [4] and a "lack of unidirectional order in the initiation of the stamens". [1] They also have "complete or near complete fusion of sepals resulting from intercalary growth early in development, relatively numerous stamens, and a single or no petal, with other petals not at all apparent in development." [12] The tribe is predicted to have diverged from the other legume lineages 48.9±2.8 million years ago (in the Eocene). [10]

Contents

Subclades and genera

Swartzioids sensu strictoIreland et al. 2000

The members of this clade occur mainly in lowland rain forests. [4] [6] [1]

Atelioids Ireland et al. 2000

The members of this clade are distinguished by "a nearly actinomorphic androecium with basifixed anthers, exarillate seeds, and a tendency toward alternate leaflets." [4] [1] They occur mainly in neotropical, seasonally-dry tropical woodlands. [4]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Torke BM; Schaal BA (2008). "Molecular phylogenetics of the species-rich neotropical genus Swartzia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) and related genera of the swartzioid clade". Am J Bot . 95 (2): 215–228. doi:10.3732/ajb.95.2.215. PMID   21632346.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Cardoso D; Pennington RT; de Queiroz LP; Boatwright JS; Van Wyk B-E; Wojciechowskie MF; Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S Afr J Bot . 89: 58–75. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001 .
  3. ↑ Polhill RM (1994). "Classification of the Leguminosae". In Bisby FA; Buckingham J; Harborne JB (eds.). Phytochemical Dictionary of the Leguminosae, Plants and Their Constituents. Vol. 1. Chapman and Hall/CRC Press, London. pp. xxv–xlvii. ISBN   9780412397707.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Cardoso D; de Queiroz LP; Pennington RT; de Lima HC; Fonty É; Wojciechowski MF; Lavin M (2012). "Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: new insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages". Am J Bot . 99 (12): 1991–2013. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200380. PMID   23221500.
  5. ↑ Wojciechowski MF (2013). "Towards a new classification of Leguminosae: Naming clades using non-Linnaean phylogenetic nomenclature". S Afr J Bot . 89: 85–93. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.06.017 .
  6. 1 2 Ireland HE; Pennington RT; Preston J (2000). "Molecular systematics of the Swartzieae". In Herendeen PS; Bruneau A (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens. pp. 277–298. ISBN   184246017X. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  7. ↑ Pennington RT; Lavin M; Ireland H; Klitgaard B; Preston J; Hu J-M (2001). "Phylogenetic relationships of basal papilionoid legumes based upon sequences of the chloroplast trnL intron". Syst Bot . 55 (5): 818–836. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 (inactive 12 July 2025). JSTOR   3093980.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  8. ↑ Wojciechowski MF; Lavin M; Sanderson MJ (2004). "A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family". Am J Bot . 91 (11): 1846–1862. doi: 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846 . PMID   21652332.
  9. ↑ Ireland HE (2005). "Tribe Swartzieae". In Lewis G; Schrire B; MacKinder B; Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the world. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens. pp. 214–225. ISBN   1900347806. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 2014-01-28.
  10. 1 2 Lavin M; Herendeen PS; Wojciechowski MF (2005). "Evolutionary rates analysis of Leguminosae implicates a rapid diversification of lineages during the Tertiary". Syst Biol . 54 (4): 575–594. doi: 10.1080/10635150590947131 . PMID   16085576.
  11. ↑ LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades" (PDF). Taxon . 62 (2): 217–248. doi:10.12705/622.8. hdl:10566/3455.
  12. ↑ Tucker SC (2003). "Floral ontogeny in Swartzia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Swartzieae): Distribution and role of the ring meristem". Am J Bot . 90 (9): 1271–1292. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.9.1271. PMID   21659227.
  13. ↑ Ireland HE (2007). "Taxonomic changes in the South American genus Bocoa (Leguminosae–Swartzieae): Reinstatement of the name Trischidium, and a synopsis of both genera". Kew Bull . 62 (2): 333–350. JSTOR   20443359.
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