TJ Richards & Sons was a coachbuilding company which operated in Australia under various names from 1885 through to 1951.
A coachbuilder, or body-maker, manufactures bodies for passenger-carrying vehicles. Coachwork is the body of an automobile, bus, horse-drawn carriage, or railroad passenger car. The word "coach" was derived from the Hungarian town of Kocs.
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands. It is the largest country in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. The population of 26 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest city is Sydney. The country's other major metropolitan areas are Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, and Adelaide.
The history of TJ Richards and Sons began in 1885 when Adelaide-born blacksmith Tobias John Martin Richards opened a business named "TJ Richards, Wheel Wright and Coach Builder" in the Adelaide suburb of Mitcham. [1] Richards developed the "King of the Road" two wheeled sulky and also adopted this name as his trade slogan. [2] In 1900 the company moved to new larger premises in Hindmarsh Square in the city of Adelaide. [1] Agencies were established in other Australian locations and exports to overseas countries including England, South Africa and India were undertaken. [1] Richards coachwork won over 500 awards in various exhibitions. [3]
Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. The demonym Adelaidean is used to denote the city and its residents.
A blacksmith is a metalsmith who creates objects from wrought iron or steel by forging the metal, using tools to hammer, bend, and cut. Blacksmiths produce objects such as gates, grilles, railings, light fixtures, furniture, sculpture, tools, agricultural implements, decorative and religious items, cooking utensils and weapons. The place where a blacksmith works is called variously a smithy, a forge or a blacksmith's shop.
Tobias John Martin Richards, invariably referred to as "T. J. Richards", was a South Australian coachbuilder and motor body manufacturer who founded the company which would eventually form the manufacturing base of Chrysler Australia.
By 1903 Richards had been joined in the business by his three sons Henry Ernest, Claude Alfred Victor and William Egbert. [2] The company produced its first automobile body in 1905 and a dedicated department for this activity was formed in 1912. [1]
In 1913 the company name was changed to "TJ Richards & Sons", Richards having recently handed over the operation of the company to his sons. [1] In 1920 the company moved again, this time to a 7½ acre site on the corner of Anzac Highway and Leader Street in the Adelaide suburb of Keswick. [1] The first mechanical body press was installed in 1924 and an assembly line was established shortly after this. [1] Bodies were produced for various makes including Bianchi, Citroën, Fiat, Maxwell, Hudson, Oakland, Overland, Armstrong Siddeley, Austin, Hupmobile, Berliet, Durant, Amilcar, Rover and Rolls-Royce. [1]
Keswick is an inner south-western suburb of Adelaide, adjacent to the park lands, and located in the City of West Torrens.
Citroën is a French automobile manufacturer founded in 1919 by the French industrialist André-Gustave Citroën, and part of the PSA Peugeot Citroën group since 1976.
Maxwell was a brand of automobiles manufactured in the United States of America from about 1904 to 1925. The present-day successor to the Maxwell company is Fiat Chrysler Automobiles.
In 1928 an additional factory was established in the Adelaide suburb of Mile End. [1] In the same year Richards and Sons forged a relationship with the Chrysler Corporation and subsequently the production of bodies for Chrysler, Dodge, DeSoto and Plymouth automobiles became the company’s main activity. [1] In 1936 the recently formed Australian company Chrysler Dodge Distributors Limited purchased part of TJ Richards & Sons, taking a controlling interest the following year. [1]
Mile End is an inner western suburb of Adelaide, located in the City of West Torrens, around 2 kilometres from the Adelaide city centre. It has a census area population of 4,413 people (2011). Much of the suburb is residential, but there are small commercial areas along Henley Beach Road and South Road.
Dodge is an American brand of automobile manufactured by FCA US LLC, based in Auburn Hills, Michigan. Dodge vehicles currently include performance cars, though for much of its existence Dodge was Chrysler's mid-priced brand above Plymouth.
DeSoto is an American automobile marque that was manufactured and marketed by the DeSoto Division of the Chrysler Corporation from 1928 to the 1961 model year. The De Soto marque was officially dropped November 30, 1960, with over two million vehicles built since 1928.
In 1941 TJ Richards & Sons was renamed to Richards Industries Limited. During World War 2 production changed to munitions and aircraft components, with wing panels for the Bristol Beaufort and the CAC Wirraway being the major focus. [2]
The Bristol Beaufort was a British twin-engined torpedo bomber designed by the Bristol Aeroplane Company, and developed from experience gained designing and building the earlier Blenheim light bomber. At least 1,180 Beauforts were built by Bristol and other British manufacturers.
The CAC Wirraway was a training and general purpose military aircraft manufactured in Australia by the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation (CAC) between 1939 and 1946. It was an Australian development of the North American NA-16 training aircraft. The Wirraway has been credited as being the foundation of Australian aircraft manufacturing.
The Richards family sold their remaining stake in the company to Chrysler Dodge Distributors Limited in 1946. The name was changed to Chrysler Dodge DeSoto Distributors Limited [1] and the parent company also changed its name, to Chrysler Dodge Distributors (Holdings) Pty Ltd . [2]
In 1951 the American Chrysler Corporation bought 85% of Chrysler Dodge Distributors (Holdings) Pty Ltd and renamed it Chrysler Australia. [2]
Chrysler is one of the "Big Three" automobile manufacturers in the United States, headquartered in Auburn Hills, Michigan. The original Chrysler Corporation was founded in 1925 by Walter Chrysler from the remains of the Maxwell Motor Company. In 1998, it was acquired by Daimler-Benz, and the holding company was renamed DaimlerChrysler. After Daimler divested Chrysler in 2007, the company existed as Chrysler LLC (2007–2009) and Chrysler Group LLC (2009–2014) before merging in 2014 with Italian holding company Fiat S.p.A. and becoming a subsidiary of its successor Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. In addition to the Chrysler brand, FCA sells vehicles worldwide under the Dodge, Jeep, and Ram nameplates. Furthermore, the subsidiary includes Mopar, its automotive parts and accessories division, and SRT, its performance automobile division.
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