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The following table shows the vegetable oil yields of common energy crops associated with biodiesel production. Included is growing zone data, relevant to farmers and agricultural scientists. This is unrelated to ethanol production, which relies on starch, sugar and cellulose content instead of oil yields.
Crop | kg oil/ha/yr | litres oil/ha | lbs oil/acre | US gal/acre | Coldest | Warmest hardiness zone |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
maize (corn) | 147 | 172 | 129 | 18 | 3 | 11 |
cashew nut | 148 | 176 | 132 | 19 | 10 | 11 |
oats | 183 | 217 | 163 | 23 | 3 | 10 |
lupin (lupine) | 195 | 232 | 175 | 25 | 4 | 7 |
kenaf | 230 | 273 | 205 | 29 | 6 | 10 |
calendula | 256 | 305 | 229 | 33 | 9 | 11 |
cotton | 273 | 325 | 244 | 35 | 8 | 11 |
hemp | 305 | 363 | 272 | 39 | 8 | 11 |
soybean | 375 | 446 | 335 | 48 | 2 | 11 |
coffee | 386 | 459 | 345 | 49 | 10 | 11 |
flax (linseed) | 402 | 478 | 359 | 51 | 3 | 10 |
hazelnuts | 405 | 482 | 362 | 51 | 4 | 8 |
euphorbia | 440 | 524 | 393 | 56 | 4 | 10 |
pumpkin seed | 449 | 534 | 401 | 57 | 4 | 9 |
coriander | 450 | 536 | 402 | 57 | 3 | 11 |
mustard seed | 481 | 572 | 430 | 61 | 7 | 11 |
camelina | 490 | 583 | 438 | 62 | 7 | 9 |
sesame | 585 | 696 | 522 | 74 | 7 | 10 |
safflower | 655 | 779 | 585 | 83 | 3 | 9 |
rice | 696 | 828 | 622 | 88 | 9 | 10 |
tung tree | 790 | 940 | 705 | 100 | 9 | 11 |
sunflowers | 800 | 952 | 714 | 102 | 3 | 8 |
cacao (cocoa) | 863 | 1026 | 771 | 110 | 11 | 13 |
peanut | 890 | 1059 | 795 | 113 | 5 | 10 |
opium poppy | 978 | 1163 | 873 | 124 | 3 | 9 |
rapeseed | 1000 | 1190 | 893 | 127 | 9 | 13 |
olives | 1019 | 1212 | 910 | 129 | 10 | 11 |
castor beans | 1188 | 1413 | 1061 | 151 | 8 | 10 |
pecan nuts | 1505 | 1791 | 1344 | 191 | 6 | 9 |
jojoba | 1528 | 1818 | 1365 | 194 | 9 | 10 |
jatropha | 1590 | 1892 | 1420 | 202 | 10 | 11 |
macadamia nuts | 1887 | 2246 | 1685 | 240 | 9 | 11 |
brazil nuts | 2010 | 2392 | 1795 | 255 | 11 | 13 |
walnut | 2237 | 2413 | 1996 | 258 [1] [2] | 5 | 9 |
avocado | 2217 | 2638 | 1980 | 282 | 9 | 11 |
coconut | 2260 | 2689 | 2018 | 287 | 10 | 13 |
chinese tallow | 3950 | 4700 | 3500 | 500 | 8 | 11 |
oil palm | 5000 | 5950 | 4465 | 635 | 10 | 13 |
Copaifera langsdorffii [4] | 3670 | 4000 | 3300 | 400 | 3 | 4 |
Millettia pinnata [6] | 9000[ citation needed ] | 5612 | 8030 | 600 [7] | 11 | 13 |
algae (open pond) [8] | 80000 | 95000 | 70000 | 10000 | 7 | 13 |
- Note: Chinese Tallow ( Sapium sebiferum , or Triadica sebifera ) is also known as the "Popcorn Tree".