Formerly | Cosmorom (1999–2005) Cosmote (2005–2014) |
---|---|
Company type | Subsidiary |
Industry | Telecommunications |
Founded | 30 July 1990 (as ROM-POST-TELECOM) 1999 (as Cosmorom) 13 September 2014 (merger) |
Headquarters | Bucharest, Romania |
Key people | Charalampos Mazarakis (CEO) |
Services | Mobile phone telecommunications |
Revenue | €380 million (2021) [1] |
€36 million (2021) | |
Number of employees | 853 (2021) |
Parent | OTE |
Website | Official website |
Telekom Romania Mobile Communications S.A. is a mobile network company in Romania, wholly owned by OTE, which in turn is controlled by Deutsche Telekom, operating under Telekom brand. Telekom Romania Mobile had 3.5 million subscribers with 15% market share as of July 2021. [2]
The network operated together with Telekom Romania Communications (which traces its ancestry back to ROM-POST-TELECOM , later renamed Romtelecom) from 2014 until 2021 under the same brand Telekom. [3] Both companies were majority owned by OTE, which in turn is controlled by Deutsche Telekom.
On November 6, 2020, OTE agreed to sell the 54% stake in the fixed network company Telekom Romania Communications to Orange Romania for €295 million. [4] In order for the transaction to be approved by the authorities, OTE has committed to buy the remaining 30% of shares in Telekom Romania Mobile, which operates the mobile network. The transaction was completed in July 2021. [5]
OTE did not succeed in selling the mobile phone company after the transaction with Digi failed due to the fact that it only wanted to buy cell sites and mobile frequencies, thus making Deutsche Telekom to rebrand it as Telekom Mobile and keep the company in OTE's portfolio until it finds a buyer. [6]
In November 2023, OTE would eventually sell Telekom Romania Mobile to Clever Group, the owner of Prima TV. [7]
The company was launched as Cosmorom in 1999 by Romtelecom as its mobile telephony brand and entered service in April 2000. In the first years, the company failed to gain market share. Having around 1% market share and financial losses, there were talks about the selling of the company, but the decision was delayed several times due to disagreement between OTE, the majority owner of Romtelecom and the Romanian Government. [8] In January 2004 Romtelecom decided to sell a majority stake in the company. Buying offers were made by Mobilkom (now A1 Telekom Austria), which was seen as a favorite, and the Hungarian company Matev of Deutsche Telekom. [9] But in the end, the Greek company OTE, which owned 54% of Cosmorom's parent company, decided to buy 70% of the company, leaving Romtelecom with the remaining 30%. [10]
In July 2005 OTE's mobile division Cosmote relaunched the mobile operator separate from the fixed services company Romtelecom, with a popular offer for prepaid services. In December 2005 had approximately 50,000 subscribers. The process of relaunching, started with the rebranding as Cosmote on 6 December 2005. On 2 March 2006 started a wide advertising campaign on prepaid market, offering a limited number of SIM cards with 2000 free minutes within the network per month for a low price (3 euro). [11] The network could no longer cope with the large number of users and network failures often occurred. So on March 20, the company announced that the offer will work until March 31 only for people who have activated the service until March 22.
On 30 June 2009 Cosmote acquired Zapp Mobile, a CDMA mobile operator with 374,000 subscribers, who also had a 3G license. [12] Following Zapp acquisition, Cosmote launched 3G service. At the end of 2013, Cosmote Romania had 6.1 million customers, of which 25.9% were postpaid subscribers and the rest were users of prepaid services.
On 12 September 2014, Romtelecom and Cosmote România unified mobile and fixed services under a single brand and changed their respective legal names to Telekom Romania Communications and Telekom Romania Mobile Communications. [13] The company tried to attract postpaid customers, including with bundling mobile and fixed services, but the market share dropped. The company raised prices, but financial losses continued. [14]
Telekom Romania Mobile Communications S.A. (mobile services): [15]
MCC | MNC | Frequency | Band Number | Protocol (Downlink/Uplink speed) | Class | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
226 | 03 | 900 MHz | 8 | GSM/GPRS/EDGE | 2G | |
226 | 03 | 1800 MHz | 3 | GSM/GPRS/EDGE | 2G | |
226 | 03 | 800 MHz | 20 | LTE (37.5 Mbit/s/12.5 Mbit/s) | 4G | |
226 | 03 | 900 MHz | 8 | LTE (37.5 Mbit/s/12.5 Mbit/s) | 4G | |
226 | 03 | 1800 MHz | 3 | LTE (150 Mbit/s/50 Mbit/s) | 4G | |
226 | 03 | 2100 MHz | 1 | LTE (112.5 Mbit/s/37.5 Mbit/s) | 4G | |
226 | 03 | 2100 MHz | n1 | NR NSA (250 Mbit/s/50 Mbit/s) | 5G |
T-Mobile is the brand name used by some of the mobile communications subsidiaries of the German telecommunications company Deutsche Telekom AG in the Czech Republic, Poland and the United States.
Deutsche Telekom AG is a German telecommunications company headquartered in Bonn and is the largest telecommunications provider in Europe by revenue. It was formed in 1995 when Deutsche Bundespost, a state monopoly at the time, was privatized. Since then, Deutsche Telekom has consistently featured among FortuneMagazine's top Global 500 companies by revenue, with its ranking as of 2023 at number 79. In 2023, the company was ranked 41st in the Forbes Global 2000. The company operates several subsidiaries worldwide, including the mobile communications brand T-Mobile. It is the world's fifth-largest telecommunications company by revenue.
Celcom Axiata Berhad is the oldest mobile telecommunications provider in Malaysia. Celcom is a member of the Axiata group of companies. Celcom was merged with Digi to form CelcomDigi on 1 December 2022.
Vodafone Romania S.A. is a Romanian telecommunications operator owned by Vodafone Group. It launched in April 1997 as the first GSM network in Romania.
Zapp Mobile was the first CDMA 450 MHz mobile phone operator in Romania, now part of Telekom Romania Mobile. In 2006 Zapp got a UMTS 2100 MHz license.
Hellenic Telecommunications Organisation S.A. is the largest technology company in Greece. It is one of the three largest companies listed in the Athens Stock Exchange, according to market capitalization.
Q-Telecom was the fourth mobile telephony provider in Greece. It began operation in June 2002. As of 2008, it called itself "Q" and called its services "MyQ." The company provided GSM phone service, supported by LMDS and backbone networks, and called itself the only complete and integrated telecom provider in Greece. In May 2007, it merged with WIND Hellas, which was known at the time as TIM Hellas.
Crnogorski Telekom is the leading telecommunications operator based in Podgorica, Montenegro. It is the largest telecommunications company in Montenegro and provides fixed-line, mobile, IPTV, internet, ICT and cloud services.
The dialling plan for mobile networks and new landline operators is closed; all subscriber numbers must be dialled in full. For landline numbers starting with 02, the dialling plan used to be open; the trunk digit and area code could be omitted if the caller was in the same area code as the callee. However, starting May 3, 2008, all landline numbers must be dialled in full.
Yettel Bulgaria is the largest mobile network and the third largest fixed telecommunications company in Bulgaria. The company was founded under the name "Cosmo Bulgaria Mobile" in 2001 by OTE and operated under the brand name "Globul" until 2014. In 2013 it was bought by Telenor and changed its name. In August 2018, the company was acquired by PPF, a Czech private investment fund. The company continued to use the Telenor brand until 1 March 2022, when it was renamed to Yettel Bulgaria. In February 2024, the company was acquired by e& (Etisalat), and the merger was approved by Bulgaria's competition watchdog. However the branding of Yettel has not yet been changed.
Vodafone Greece is the Greek subsidiary of Vodafone Group. In 2004 it was the leading mobile operator in Greece. Its headquarters are in Chalandri - one of the northern suburbs of Athens.
Founded in 2003, Cosmofon was the second GSM mobile phone operator in the Republic of Macedonia. The first call through the network of Cosmofon took place on May 16, 2003, and now its network codes are 075 and 076.
Digi Communications N.V., also known as DIGI Group, is a leading telecommunications holding company with roots in Romania and businesses also in Spain, Italy and now Portugal and Belgium. The firm has current statutory seat in the Netherlands and headquarters of effective management in Romania. Digi was founded by Zoltán Teszári, who is the majority shareholder, and has been listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange since May 16, 2017.
COSMOTE MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS known as just Cosmote is the largest mobile network operator in Greece. The company is headquartered in Athens and is a fully owned subsidiary of the Hellenic Telecommunications Organization (OTE), the incumbent telecommunications provider in Greece. COSMOTE has developed business operations in two other Southeast Europe countries through subsidiaries: Telekom Albania and Telekom Romania, addressing an extended market of 45 million people. In all three countries COSMOTE counts approximately 35.6 million customers.
In Romania, there are 18.8 million connections to the Internet. Romania's country code is .ro. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states. There were over 600 000 domains registered under .ro at the end of 2012.
Television in Romania started in August 1955. State television started to broadcast on 31 December 1956. The second television channel followed in 1968, but between 1985 and 1990, there was only one Romanian channel before the return of the second channel. Private broadcasters arrived in December 1991, with SOTI which was the first private nationwide television station in Central and Eastern Europe. Romania has the highest penetration rates for pay television in the world, with over 98% of all households watching television through cable or satellite.
The history of the prepaid mobile phones began in the 1990s when mobile phone operators sought to expand their market reach. Up until this point, mobile phone services were exclusively offered on a postpaid basis (contract-based), which excluded individuals with poor credit ratings and minors under the age of 18 In early 1991, Kenneth Johnson of Queens, New York along with Mark Feldman, Pedro Diaz and Kevin Lambright of Alicomm Mobile, was the first to successfully create a prepaid cellular phone and Network. His company expanded to a Sales force from Maine to Florida. Two years later others would come out with similar systems.
One Albania sh.a is a telecommunications company that operates in Albania. It was founded as Albanian Mobile Communications and was part of the COSMOTE Group since 2000. In 2015, the company joined the Deutsche Telekom group after which it was rebranded as Telekom Albania.
Orange Sport is a group of four Romanian sports television channels which is available only to Orange Romania television subscribers. It is operated by Orange Romania and was first launched on 13 August 2010 as Dolce Sport by Romtelecom. After rebranding of Romtelecom to Telekom, it was rebranded as Telekom Sport on 12 September 2017. After the selling of Telekom Romania, operator of fixed services, to Orange Romania, it was rebranded to Orange Sport on 28 March 2022.