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Smiling Buddha was the code name of India's first successful nuclear weapon test on 18 May 1974. The nuclear fission type bomb was detonated in the Pokhran Test Range of the Indian Army in Rajasthan. As per the United States military intelligence, the operation was named as Happy Krishna. The Indian Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) described the test as a peaceful nuclear explosion.
A neutron bomb, officially defined as a type of enhanced radiation weapon (ERW), is a low-yield thermonuclear weapon designed to maximize lethal neutron radiation in the immediate vicinity of the blast while minimizing the physical power of the blast itself. The neutron release generated by a nuclear fusion reaction is intentionally allowed to escape the weapon, rather than being absorbed by its other components. The neutron burst, which is used as the primary destructive action of the warhead, is able to penetrate enemy armor more effectively than a conventional warhead, thus making it more lethal as a tactical weapon.
The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is an agency under the Department of Defence Research and Development in Ministry of Defence of the Government of India, charged with the military's research and development, headquartered in Delhi, India. It was formed in 1958 by the merger of the Technical Development Establishment and the Directorate of Technical Development and Production of the Indian Ordnance Factories with the Defence Science Organisation under the administration of Jawaharlal Nehru. Subsequently, Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS) was constituted in 1979 as a service of Group 'A' Officers / Scientists directly under the administrative control of the Ministry of Defence.
Insensitive munitions are munitions that are designed to withstand stimuli representative of severe but credible accidents. The current range of stimuli are shock, heat and adjacent detonating munitions. A munition can have its vulnerability reduced by a number of means used on their own or in combination such as a reduced vulnerability energetic material, design features, additions or changes to packaging etc. The munition must still retain its terminal effect and performance within acceptable parameters.
Pinaka is a multiple rocket launcher produced in India and developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) for the Indian Army. It is also called India's Grad missile system as it's characteristics are derived from BM-21 Grad. The system has a maximum range of 45 km (28 mi) for Mark-I Enhanced and 90 km (56 mi) for Mark-II ER version, and can fire a salvo of 12 HE rockets per launcher in 44 seconds. The system is mounted on a Tatra truck for mobility. Pinaka saw service during the Kargil War, where it was successful in neutralising Pakistani positions on the mountain tops. It has since been inducted into the Indian Army in large numbers.
Pokhran-II was a series of five nuclear weapon tests conducted by India in May 1998. The bombs were detonated at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in Rajasthan. It was the second instance of nuclear testing conducted by India, after the first test, code-named Smiling Buddha, was conducted in May 1974.
Rajagopala Chidambaram is an Indian Physicist who is known for his integral role in India's nuclear weapons program; he coordinated test preparation for the Pokhran-I (1975) and Pokhran-II (1998).
The KALI is a linear electron accelerator being developed in India by Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC). It is rumoured to have directed-energy weapon capabilities.
Defence Electronics Research Laboratory (DLRL) is a laboratory of the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO). Located in Hyderabad, it is actively involved in the design and development of integrated electronic warfare systems for the Indian Armed Forces.
High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL) is one of the premier laboratories of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) located in Pune Maharashtra. Main area of works of the lab include research and development of high energy materials and related technologies. HEMRL is organised under the Armaments Directorate of DRDO. The current director of the lab is Dr A P Dash.
The Nag missile, also called "Prospina" for the land-attack version, is an Indian third-generation, all-weather, fire-and-forget, lock-on after launch, anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) with an operational range of 500 m to 20 km depending on variant. It has a single-shot hit probability of 90% and a ten-year, maintenance-free shelf life. The Nag has five variants under development: a land version, for a mast-mounted system; the helicopter-launched Nag (HELINA) also known as Dhruvastra; a "man-portable" version (MPATGM); an air-launched version which will replace the current imaging infra-red (IIR) to millimetric-wave (mmW) active radar homing seeker; and the Nag Missile Carrier (NAMICA) "tank buster", which is a modified BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) produced under license in India by Ordnance Factory Medak (OFMK).
Abhay was an Infantry Combat Vehicle created under a tech-demonstration program started in India by the Defence Research and Development Organisation or DRDO. As its first IFV project, Abhay was designed to provide experience in the construction of AFV components to DRDO, serve as a replacement to India's vast BMP fleet used in its Mechanised Infantry Regiments, and serve as a test bed for weapons and systems to be used on future vehicles, as well as to be a reference for the designs of future vehicles.
Dr. Manjit Singh is a scientist with the Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO) under the Ministry of Defence (India). He is currently serving as the Director of Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL) in Chandigarh.
Defence Materials and Stores Research and Development Establishment (DMSRDE) is a laboratory of the Indian Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) at Kanpur. It is responsible for the research and development of materials for the Indian military services, including various types of protective clothing and equipment.
The DRDO Bund Blasting Device (BBD) is a portable embankment blasting device that was developed by the Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL) of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in India. The device is designed for the controlled demolition of bunds or earthen embankments.
Ramgarh Test Range is an out-door testing and evaluating facility of Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory (TBRL).
The DRDO Glide Bomb is a product of the Defence Research and Development Organisation to deploy a standardised medium range precision guided weapon, especially for engagement of targets from outside the range of standard anti-aircraft defenses, thereby increasing aircraft survivability and minimising friendly losses. The development was carried out by Research Centre Imarat whereas its production-cum-development partner are Adani Defence & Aerospace and Bharat Forge.
The DRDO Smart Anti-Airfield Weapon (SAAW) is a long-range precision-guided anti-airfield weapon developed by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). It is designed to be capable of engaging ground targets with high precision up to a range of 100 kilometres (62 mi).
The High Speed Low Drag (HSLD) bomb is a family of new generation short range air-dropped precision-guided munition that is currently being developed by India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). This general-purpose bomb is made for the Indian Air Force (IAF) and can be used against the destruction of strategic high value enemy infrastructure from stand-off distances. HSLD is comparable to Mark 80 series of bombs used by United States Air Force (USAF).
Ipsita Biswas is an Indian terminal ballistics scientist. In 2019 she was conferred India's highest civilian award for women, the Nari Shakti Puraskar, for her contributions to India's armed forces, paramilitary forces and women's empowerment in defence research and development.
References
- ↑ TBRL Director's Profile [usurped]
- 1 2 History of TBRL [usurped]
- ↑ TBRL Areas of Work [usurped]
- ↑ "Nuclear Weapons Archive, India's Nuclear Weapons Program, Smiling Buddha-1974" . Retrieved 28 January 2012.
- ↑ TBRL Achievements [usurped]
- ↑ "Baffle range to prevent stray injuries". The Times of India . 13 November 2007. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 16 November 2007.
"The Bangalore range will be constructed by the Terminal Ballistic Research Laboratory, Chandigarh, a unit of the DRDO. The range will facilitate six firing positions and layers of wood-embedded walls will prevent bullets from going astray. Protecting walls will be built at every 20 feet of the firing range for a distance of 300 metres." - 1 2 TBRL Technologies available to the civilian sector [usurped]
- ↑ Ray, Kalyan (4 January 2019). "Plastic Bullet to replace the pellets in Kashmir valley". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 4 January 2019.
- ↑ Indo Asian News Service (22 April 2020). "DRDO lab develops 10,000 face shields for PGI, Chandigarh". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
