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The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a religious and political organization founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930. A black nationalist organization, the NOI focuses its attention on the African diaspora, especially on African Americans. While describing itself as Islamic, its religious tenets, while phrased in Islamic terminology, differ considerably from mainstream Islamic traditions. Scholars of religion characterize it as a new religious movement. It operates as a centralized and hierarchical organization.
Louis Farrakhan is an American religious leader who heads the Nation of Islam (NOI), a black nationalist organization. Farrakhan is notable for his leadership of the 1995 Million Man March in Washington, D.C., and for his rhetoric that has been widely denounced as antisemitic and racist.
A number of organizations and academics consider the Nation of Islam (NOI) to be antisemitic. The NOI has engaged in Holocaust denial, and exaggerates the role of Jews in the African slave trade; mainstream historians, such as Saul S. Friedman, have said Jews had a negligible role. The NOI has repeatedly rejected charges made against it as false and politically motivated.
Wallace Fard Muhammad, also known as Wallace D. Fard or Master Fard Muhammad, was the founder of the Nation of Islam. He arrived in Detroit in 1930 with an ambiguous background and several aliases, and proselytized idiosyncratic Islamic teachings to the city's black population. In 1934, he disappeared from public record, and Elijah Muhammad succeeded him as leader of the Nation of Islam.
Elijah Muhammad was an American religious leader, black separatist, and self-proclaimed Messenger of Allah who led the Nation of Islam (NOI) from 1933 until his death in 1975. Muhammad was also the teacher and mentor of Malcolm X, Louis Farrakhan, Muhammad Ali, and his son, Warith Deen Mohammed.
Warith Deen Mohammed, also known as W. Deen Mohammed, Imam W. Deen Muhammad and Imam Warith Deen, was an African-American Muslim leader, theologian, philosopher, Muslim revivalist, and Islamic thinker.
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Satokata Takahashi, born Naka Nakane was also known as Satokata Takahishi, Satokata Takahashiin, Taka Ashe, and his first name was sometimes rendered as Satakata. Takahashi was a self-described major of the Imperial Japanese Army and affiliate of the Black Dragon Society. According to FBI reports he was the instigator of the Pacific Movement of the Eastern World, working through Ashima Takis.
The Final Call is a newspaper published in Chicago. It was founded in 1979 by Minister Louis Farrakhan and serves as the official newspaper of the Nation of Islam. The magazine acts as the group's tool to spread their agenda, goals and view of world events and natural disasters.
The Nation of Islam (NOI) is a black nationalist religious group founded in the United States by Wallace Fard Muhammad in 1930. While it identifies itself as promoting a form of Islam, its beliefs differ considerably from mainstream Islamic traditions. Scholars of religion characterize it as a new religious movement. It operates as a centralized and hierarchical organization. It has been characterized by the Southern Poverty Law Center and the Anti-Defamation League as a black supremacist hate group.
Ava Muhammad was an American Black Muslim. In 1998 she became the first female Minister to preside over a mosque and region in the history of the Nation of Islam (NOI). Her job as national spokesperson for Minister Farrakhan is among the most prominent in the nation — a post formerly held by Malcolm X under Nation of Islam patriarch Elijah Muhammad. Minister Ava Muhammad is also a member of the Muslim Girls Training (MGT).
Muhammad University of Islam (MUI) is a Nation of Islam (NOI)-affiliated preschool to 12th Grade school in the South Shore area of Chicago, Illinois, United States, located next to Mosque Maryam. Every major NOI mosque has a MUI. The schools are headed by the Nation of Islam's Ministry of Education, led by Dr. Larry Muhammad. Established in 1930, MUI is the first Islamic Black school system in America.
Tynnetta Muhammad was an American writer. In the 1960s, she wrote articles and columns for the Nation of Islam (NOI) newsletter Muhammad Speaks. She was one of Elijah Muhammad’s wives, and mother of four of his children.
Ishmael Muhammad is an American member of the Nation of Islam, and son of Elijah Muhammad and Tynnetta Muhammad. He is the Nation of Islam national assistant minister to Louis Farrakhan. In 1995, Muhammad was a speaker at the Million Man March.
African-American Muslims, also colloquially known as Black Muslims, are an African American religious minority. African American Muslims account for over 20% of American Muslims. They represent one of the larger minority Muslim populations of the United States as there is no ethnic group that makes up the majority of American Muslims. They are represented in Sunni and Shia denominations as well as smaller sects, such as the Nation of Islam. The history of African-American Muslims is related to African-American history in general, and goes back to the Revolutionary and Antebellum eras.
Talib Ahmad Dawood was an American jazz trumpeter.
The Gary Crusader is a newspaper based in Gary, Indiana, United States, which has been featured in national newspapers for its focus on the African-American community. It was founded in 1961 and became part of the Crusader Newspaper Group founded by Balm L. Leavell and Joseph H. Jefferson. The Crusader Newspaper Group, founded in 1940, consists of The Chicago Crusader and, since 1961, the Gary Crusader. The newspaper is currently run by Balm L. Leavell's wife, Dorothy Leavell, chairman of the National Newspaper Publishers Association.
References
- ↑ "About The new crusader. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 195?-1981". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
- 1 2 Carter 2017, p. 480.
- 1 2 Johnson, Erick (2018-02-15). "The King of Kings: The 50th Anniversary of Dr. Martin Luther King Drive". Chicago Crusader. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
- ↑ "Balm Leavell Jr., Chicago Publisher, Dies at 58". Jet. 1968-11-14.
- ↑ "The Man of the Century: The Honorable Elijah Muhammad". CROE Online. Coalition for the Remembrance of the Honorable Elijah Muhammad. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
- ↑ "Testimony of Balm L. Leavell, Jr.". Cooper v. Pate: Appendix of Defendants-Appellants. 1966. p. 113.
- ↑ Jeffries, Bayyinah S. ""Raising Her Voice": Writings by, for, and about Women in Muhammad Speaks Newspaper, 1961–1975". Africana Islamic Studies: 23.
- ↑ Maloba, W. O. (2017). Kenyatta and Britain: An Account of Political Transformation, 1929-1963. Springer. p. 146.
- ↑ Carter 2017, p. 480-481.
- ↑ Carter 2017, p. 481.
- ↑ Blumberg, Nick (July 5, 2018). "Meet Dorothy Leavell, the Chicago Reader's New Publisher". WTTW News. Retrieved 2019-12-30.
