The Monthly English Organ of the Sikhs (original) | |
Type | Weekly newspaper |
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Founder(s) | Jodh Singh |
Publisher | Chief Khalsa Diwan |
Founded | 20 September 1903 (first issue) |
Language | English |
Ceased publication | 1923 |
Relaunched | Relaunched as The Khalsa Te Khalsa Advocate (in Punjabi) in 1923 onwards |
Part of a series on |
Sikh literature |
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Sikh scriptures • Punjabi literature |
The Khalsa Advocate was a Sikh newspaper in English founded in 1903 by the Chief Khalsa Diwan. [1] [2] [3] It was one of the most prominent and influential Sikh periodicals prior to 1920. [4] [5]
By the turn of the 20th century, English-language journals had become popular amongst the literate Sikhs of the Punjab. [3] In 1899, an English newspaper titled simply as The Khalsa was founded by Bhagat Lakshman Singh. [3] The Khalsa had a lifespan of two years, after which its production ceased. [3] However, the paper had an impact on showing the resoluteness of the Sikhs to reach a Western audience, such as the British and Punjabis who did not know how to read their ethnic language. [3]
The newspaper was launched in 1903 as a monthly newspaper that acted as the official mouthpiece of the Chief Khalsa Diwan. [2] It was founded by a group of Sikhs lead by Jodh Singh. [3] Its purpose was to provide a medium of expression for Sikh feelings and aspirations. [2] It led the deliberations on Sikh issues of the time. [3] It was published out of Amritsar. [6] The newspaper was the foremost of the Sikh newspapers published in English of the era and had a circulation of around 1,000. [3]
The newspaper supported the Gurdwara Reform movement. [7] In the summertime of 1906, the newspaper advocated that it was a necessity that the administration of the Golden Temple and other gurdwaras be changed so social evils could be extinguished from their premises. [7] It supported an idea of the appointment of a manager (sarbrah) of the Golden Temple that was elected by the wider Sikh community ( panth ), not personally appointed by the government. [7] In the 9 June 1917 issue of the newspaper, it complained about the corruption and mismanagement widespread in the Golden Temple. [7]
The newspaper was a supporter of Punjabi being used as the language of instruction and that the decision over the script used should be left for the parents to decide. [7]
The newspaper was a supporter of the empowerment of women. [8] [9] It spoke out against the practice of dowry, child marriage, domestic violence, polygamy, marriage mismatch, lavish weddings, and observing purdah . [8] It promoted the acceptance of widow remarriage. [8] The periodical stigmatized prostitution. [8]
After 1923, the newspaper was continued in Punjabi rather than English under the title The Khalsa Te Khalsa Advocate. [6] [5]
The newspaper often published writings by Vir Singh and also covers the activities of all the institutions, schools, and colleges run by the Chief Khalsa Diwan. [2]
The newspaper used multiple taglines throughout its existence, they are as follows: [6]
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