Related Research Articles
August Vincent Theodore Spies was an American upholsterer,radical labor activist,and newspaper editor. An anarchist,Spies was found guilty of conspiracy to commit murder following a bomb attack on police in an event remembered as the Haymarket affair. Spies was one of four who were executed in the aftermath of this event.
George Engel was a labor union activist executed after the Haymarket riot,along with Albert Parsons,August Spies,and Adolph Fischer.
Adolph Fischer was an anarchist and labor union activist tried and executed after the Haymarket Riot.
Paul Avrich was an American historian specializing in the 19th and early 20th-century anarchist movement in Russia and the United States. He taught at Queens College,City University of New York,for his entire career,from 1961 to his retirement as distinguished professor of history in 1999. He wrote ten books,mostly about anarchism,including topics such as the 1886 Haymarket Riot,the 1921 Sacco and Vanzetti case,the 1921 Kronstadt naval base rebellion,and an oral history of the movement in the United States.
Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa was an Irish Fenian leader who was one of the leading members of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). Born and raised in Rosscarbery,County Cork,he witnessed the Great Famine. Rossa founded the Phoenix National and Literary Society and dedicated his life to working towards the establishment of an independent Irish Republic. He joined the IRB,was arrested by the British and sentenced to life imprisonment. In 1869 he was elected to the British parliament while in prison. After being exiled to the United States in 1870 as part of the Cuba Five amnesty,Rossa worked with other Irish revolutionary organisations there to oppose British rule in Ireland.
Anarchism in the United States began in the mid-19th century and started to grow in influence as it entered the American labor movements,growing an anarcho-communist current as well as gaining notoriety for violent propaganda of the deed and campaigning for diverse social reforms in the early 20th century. By around the start of the 20th century,the heyday of individualist anarchism had passed and anarcho-communism and other social anarchist currents emerged as the dominant anarchist tendency.
The Preparedness Day bombing was a bombing in San Francisco,California,United States,on July 22,1916,of a parade organised by local supporters of the Preparedness Movement which advocated American entry into World War I. During the parade a suitcase bomb was detonated,killing 10 and wounding 40 in the worst terrorist attack in San Francisco's history.
Louis Lingg was a German-born American anarchist who was convicted as a member of the criminal conspiracy behind the 1886 Haymarket Square bombing. Lingg was sentenced to die by hanging,but shortly before his execution,he committed suicide in his cell using an explosive.
Samuel "Sam" Fielden was an English-born American Methodist pastor,socialist,anarchist and labor activist who was one of eight convicted in the 1886 Haymarket bombing.
Dyer Daniel Lum was an American labor activist,economist and political journalist. He was a leading figure in the American anarchist movement of the 1880s and early 1890s,working within the organized labor movement and together with individualist theorists.
The Arbeiter-Zeitung,also known as the Chicagoer Arbeiter-Zeitung,was a German-language,radical newspaper started in Chicago,Illinois,in 1877 by veterans of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877. It continued publishing through 1931. It was the first working-class newspaper in Chicago to last for a significant period,and sustained itself primarily through reader funding. The reader-owners removed several editors over its run due to disagreements over editorial policies.
The Haymarket affair,also known as the Haymarket massacre,the Haymarket riot,the Haymarket Square riot,or the Haymarket Incident,was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4,1886,at Haymarket Square in Chicago,Illinois,United States. The rally began peacefully in support of workers striking for an eight-hour work day,the day after the events at the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company,during which one person was killed and many workers injured. An unknown person threw a dynamite bomb at the police as they acted to disperse the meeting,and the bomb blast and ensuing retaliatory gunfire by the police caused the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians;dozens of others were wounded.
The Immigration Act of 1903,also called the Anarchist Exclusion Act,was a law of the United States regulating immigration. It codified previous immigration law,and added four inadmissible classes:anarchists,people with epilepsy,beggars,and importers of prostitutes. It had minimal impact and its provisions related to anarchists were expanded in the Immigration Act of 1918.
Marie Le Compte was an American journal editor and anarchist who was active during the early 1880s.
The Haymarket Tragedy is a 1984 history book by Paul Avrich about the Haymarket affair and the resulting trial.
The Haymarket Conspiracy:Transatlantic Anarchist Networks is a 2012 book by historian Timothy Messer-Kruse on the Haymarket affair and the origins of American anarchism.
Justus H. Schwab (1847–1900) was the keeper of a radical saloon in New York City's Lower East Side. An emigre from Germany,Schwab was involved in early American anarchism in the early 1880s,including the anti-authoritarian New York Social Revolutionary Club's split from the Socialistic Labor Party and Johann Most's entry to the United States.
The International Social Revolutionary Congress was an anarchist meeting in London between 14 and 20 July 1881,with the aim of founding a new International organization for anti-authoritiarian socialism.
The Congress of Socialists of the United States,better known as the 1881 Chicago Social Revolutionary Congress,was a meeting of anarchists and socialists in Chicago in October 1881 to organize the new social revolutionary groups splintered from the American Socialistic Labor Party.
Sylvester Artley (1848–1917) was an American politician. A member of the Socialist Labor Party of America,he served in the Illinois Senate during the 31st and 32nd General Assemblies.
References
- ↑ Mann, Leslie (September 14, 2011). Reworking infamous Haymarket trial. Chicago Tribune
- ↑ Miller, John J. (February 11, 2013). "What happened at Haymarket? A historian challenges a labor-history fable". National Review . Vol. 65, no. 2. p. 31. ISSN 0028-0038 – via Gale.
- ↑ Messer-Kruse, Timothy (February 12, 2012). "The 'Undue Weight' of Truth on Wikipedia". The Chronicle of Higher Education . Retrieved March 17, 2012.
- ↑ "The Professor Versus Wikipedia". On The Media . WNYC. Archived from the original on March 12, 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2012.
- ↑ Rosen, Rebecca J. (February 16, 2012). Does Wikipedia Have an Accuracy Problem? The Atlantic .
- ↑ Inskeep, Steve (October 3, 2012). Wikipedia Policies Limit Editing Haymarket Bombing. NPR Morning Edition , NPR.
- ↑ Review, by M. McAvoy in Enterprise and Society (December 2006) 7(4): 845-847. doi: 10.1093/es/khl062
- ↑ Jentz, John B. (2013). "Review of The Trial of the Haymarket Anarchists Terrorism and Justice in the Gilded Age". Indiana Magazine of History . 109 (2): 171–172. doi:10.5378/indimagahist.109.2.0171. ISSN 0019-6673. JSTOR 10.5378/indimagahist.109.2.0171.
