Tipula simplex, commonly known as the range crane fly, is a species of crane fly in the family Tipulidae, found in the western United States.[1] It is arguably the most well-known/well-researched crane fly in Tipulidae.[2]
The male has a wing length of 11–12mm (0.43–0.47in), whilst the female is essentially wingless, with wings greatly reduced and subequal in length to the halteres.[3]
The wing pattern consists of dark brown spots along the costal and apical margins separated by about 2 mm.[citation needed]
Tipula simplex larvae feed on old cow manure, plant roots, and decaying matter.[4] The feeding habits of adults are currently unknown along with all Tipulidae.[2]
Ecology
Larvae can cause adverse effects in the pastures they inhabit in high enough concenctrations. It has been observed, once every 6 years or so in Tulare County, that the numbers of larvae in an area can destroy all forage/fodder, make hills bare, and negatively affect the watershed.[4]
↑ Alexander, Charles P. (1967). "The Crane Flies of California"(PDF). Bulletin of the California Insect Survey Volume 8. Essig Museum of Entomology. Retrieved 28 February 2025.
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