Tobdan

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Tobdan (born 1944) is a historian and linguist from Himachal Pradesh, India. He is noted for his work on the cultural traditions, histories, and languages of the Lahaul and Spiti district, and some neighboring regions.

Contents

Personal life

Tobdan originally belongs to the Tod valley of the Lahaul division of the Lahaul and Spiti district, Himachal Pradesh. [1] [2] He is a retired bank official. [3] [4] He lives in the Kullu valley, Himachal Pradesh. [5] Tobdan is multilingual. He is fluent in his native sTodpa, Hindi, English, and Punjabi, and is conversant in most of the languages spoken in Himachal Pradesh, Ladakh, and Spiti. [6]

Works

Tobdan's work as a historian has focused on the western Himalayan regions of Lahaul, Kullu, and Kinnaur, and the trans-Himalayan regions of Spiti and Ladakh. As a linguist he specializes in the Tibetic languages of the Lahaul and Spiti district (see Bibliography).

Tobdan was among the founder-members of the non-governmental organization 'Society for Conservation and Promotion of Culture in Lahaul & Spiti', and the chief editor of its annual, and later bi-annual magazine Kunzom, which was published from 2005 to 2014. [7] [8] Kunzom published short stories, poems, folksongs and grammatical sketches in various languages spoken in the Lahaul and Spiti district.

Tobdan writes in English, Hindi, and Tibetan. [9]

Views

Reception

Tobdan's works have been cited by many academics and independent scholars as important secondary sources on the histories, languages, and cultures of regions in Himachal Pradesh like Kullu, Lahaul, Spiti, and Kinnaur. These include Moran (2013), [15] Tsering (2014), [16] Bellezza (2015), [17] Rahimzadeh (2016), [18] Bhattacharya (2017), [19] Chamberlain and Chamberlain (2019), [20] and Halperin (2019). [21]

Elizabeth Anne Stutchbury, who conducted her doctoral research in Lahaul in the early 1980s, appreciated Tobdan's early initiative, as a Lahauli local, of studying and documenting his homeland, while decrying the general lack of any in-depth anthropological research on Lahaul at that point of time. [22]

John Bray commends Tobdan and Dorje's book on the Moravian missionaries in western Himalayas (2008) as a valuable contribution that makes information from disparate sources on this subject more readily available. [23]

Recognition

Bibliography

As of 2021, Tobdan had written the following books:

  1. Tobdan. 1984. History and Religions of Lahul: From The Earliest To Circa A.D. 1950.  Delhi: Books Today.
  2. Tobdan. 1993. The People of the Upper Valley: The Stodpas of Lahul in the Himalayas. Delhi: Book India Publishing.
  3. Tobdan, and Chhering Dorje. 1996. Historical Documents from Western Trans-Himalaya. Lahul, Zanskar and Ladakh. Delhi: Book India Publishing.
  4. Tobdan. 2008. Cultural History of Western Trans-Himalayas: Bashahar Kinnaur. Aryan Books.
  5. Tobdan. 2008. Moravian Missionaries in Western Trans-Himalaya: Lahul Ladakh and Kinnaur. Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  6. Tobdan. 2011. Exploring Malana: An Ancient Culture Hidden in the Himalayas. Indus Publishers.
  7. Tobdan. 2015. Nathapanth in Western Himalaya. Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  8. Tobdan. 2015. Spiti: A Study in Socio-Cultural Traditions. Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  9. Tobdan. 2015. A Grammar of sTodpa (A Language of Lahul in the Western Himalaya). Kaithal: Amrit Books.
  10. Devy, G.N., and Tobdan, eds. 2017. The Languages of Himachal Pradesh: People’s  Linguistic Survey of India. Volume Eleven. Orient Blackswan.
  11. Tobdan. 2019. Zong Gonpa of Village Tinno. New Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  12. Tobdan. 2020. sTodpa Language of Lahul in the Himalaya. Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  13. Tobdan. 2020. Bhoti Parichay: Vyakaran aur Anuvad (in Hindi). Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  14. Tobdan. 2021. Ancient Lahaul and Himalaya. Delhi: Kaveri Books.
  15. Tobdan. 2022. The Brave Soldiers of Lahaul - the Saviours of Ladakh in 1948. Delhi: Kaveri Books.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Himachal Pradesh</span> State in northern India

Himachal Pradesh is a state in the northern part of India. Situated in the Western Himalayas, it is one of the thirteen mountain states and is characterised by an extreme landscape featuring several peaks and extensive river systems. Himachal Pradesh is the northernmost state of India and shares borders with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to the north, and the states of Punjab to the west, Haryana to the southwest, Uttarakhand to the southeast and a very narrow border with Uttar Pradesh to the south. The state also shares an international border to the east with the Tibet Autonomous Region in China. Himachal Pradesh is also known as Dev Bhoomi or Dev Bhumi, meaning 'Land of Gods' and Veer Bhoomi which means 'Land of the Brave'.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kullu district</span> District of Himachal Pradesh, India

Kullu is a district in Himachal Pradesh, India. It borders Shimla district to the south, Mandi and Kangra districts to the west, Kinnaur to the east and the Lahaul and Spiti district to the north and east. The largest valley in this mountainous district is the Kullu Valley. The Kullu valley follows the course of the Beas River, and ranges from an elevation of 833 m above sea level at Aut to 3330 m above sea level at the Atal Tunnel South Portal, below the Rohtang Pass. The town of Kullu, located on the right side of the Beas River, serves as the administrative headquarters of the Kullu district. The Kullu district also incorporates several riverine tributary valleys of the Beas, including those of the Parvati, Sainj, and Tirthan rivers, and thus some regions somewhat distant from the Kullu valley. The economy of the district relies mainly on horticulture, agriculture, tourism, and traditional handicrafts.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lahaul and Spiti district</span> A district in Himachal Pradesh, India

The Lahaul and Spiti district in the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh consists of the two formerly separate districts of Lahaul and Spiti. The present administrative center is Kyelang in Lahaul. Before the two districts were merged, Kardang was the capital of Lahaul, and Dhankar the capital of Spiti. The district was formed in 1960 and is the fourth least populous district in India. It is the least densely populated district of India, according to the Census of India 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kinnaur district</span> District of Himachal Pradesh in India

Kinnaur district is one of the twelve administrative districts of the state of Himachal Pradesh in northern India. The district is divided into three administrative areas and has six tehsils. The administrative headquarters of the district is at Reckong Peo. The revered Kinnaur Kailash mountain, one of the Panch Kailash sites, is situated in Kinnaur. As of 2011, it is the second least populous district of Himachal Pradesh, after Lahaul and Spiti.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of Himachal Pradesh</span>

The state of Himachal Pradesh is spread over an area 55,673 km2 (21,495 sq mi) and is bordered by Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh on the north, Punjab on the southwest, Haryana on the south, Uttarakhand on the southeast, a small border with Uttar Pradesh in the south, and Tibet on the east. Entire Himachal Pradesh lies in the mountainous Himalaya region, rich in natural resources

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spiti</span> River valley in Himachal Pradesh, India

Spiti is a high-altitude region of the Himalayas, located in the north-eastern part of the northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. The name "Spiti" means "The middle land", i.e. the land between Tibet and India. Spiti incorporates mainly the valley of the Spiti River, and the valleys of several rivers that feed into the Spiti River. Some of the prominent side-valleys in Spiti are the Pin valley and the Lingti valley. Spiti is bordered on the east by Tibet, on the north by Ladakh, on the west and southwest by Lahaul, on the south by Kullu, and on the southeast by Kinnaur. Spiti has a cold desert environment. The valley and its surrounding regions are among the least populated regions of India. The Bhoti-speaking local population follows Tibetan Buddhism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Key Monastery</span> Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rinchen Zangpo</span> Tibetan lotsawa (958–1055)

Lochen Rinchen Zangpo, also known as Mahaguru, was a principal lotsawa or translator of Sanskrit Buddhist texts into Tibetan during the second diffusion of Buddhism in Tibet, variously called the New Translation School, New Mantra School or New Tantra Tradition School. He was a student of the famous Indian master, Atisha. His associates included (Locheng) Legpai Sherab. Zangpo's disciple Guge Kyithangpa Yeshepal wrote Zangpo's biography. He is said to have built over one hundred monasteries in Western Tibet, including the famous Tabo Monastery in Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, Poo in Kinnaur and Rinchenling monastery in Nepal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kaza, Himachal Pradesh</span> Town in Himachal Pradesh, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tabo Monastery</span> Tibetan Buddhist monastery in Tabo, Himachal Pradesh, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gandhola Monastery</span> Tibetan Buddhist monastery near Kyelang, Himachal Pradesh, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kibber</span> High-altitude village in Himachal Pradesh, India

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mud (village)</span> Village in Himachal Pradesh, India

Mud is a small village in the cold desert region of Spiti in Himachal Pradesh, India. Located at an altitude of 3,810 m (12,500 ft) on the left bank of the Pin River, a right bank tributary of the Spiti River, the village is nestled at the base of the Parbati range that towers almost vertically 1,600 m (5,200 ft) above. Mud is near the boundary of the Pin Valley National Park and is a convenient base for treks in the park, and to the neighbouring districts of Kullu and Kinnaur. It is the last village on the Spiti side of the Pin Parbati trek to Kullu and the Pin Bhaba trek to Kinnaur.

O.C. Handa is a historian of the western Himalayas, noted for his work on the history, architecture, archaeology, and folk arts of this region. He is the author of numerous books on these subjects.

Tshering Dorje was a cultural historian from Himachal Pradesh, India. He was regarded as an authority on the cultural traditions and histories of the Lahaul and Spiti district and some neighboring regions. He also played an important role in bringing about the construction of the 9.02 km-long, high-altitude Atal Tunnel.

References

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  15. Moran, Arik (2013). "Toward a history of devotional Vaishnavism in the West Himalayas: Kullu and the Ramanandis, c. 1500–1800". The Indian Economic & Social History Review. 50 (1): 1–25. doi:10.1177/0019464612474165. ISSN   0019-4646. S2CID   144329273.
  16. Tsering, Tashi (2014). "On the Unknown History of a Himalayan Buddhist Enclave: Spiti Valley before the 10th Century". Journal of Research Institute: Historical Development of the Tibetan Languages. 51: 523–551.
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  20. Chamberlain, Brad; Chamberlain, Wendy (2019). A Sociolinguistic Survey of Lahul Valley, Himachal Pradesh (PDF). SIL International.
  21. Halperin, Ehud (2019-10-15). The Many Faces of a Himalayan Goddess: Hadimba, Her Devotees, and Religion in Rapid Change. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-091359-5.
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  23. Bray, John (2008). "Review of 'Moravian Missionaries in Western Trans-Himalaya (Lahul, Ladakh and Kinnaur)' by Tobdan and C. Dorje" (PDF). Ladakh Studies. 22: 55–57.
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