Tobosi

Tobosi
District
Tobosi district
Tobosi Tobosi district location in Costa Rica
Coordinates: 9°49′02″N83°59′34″W / 9.8172445°N 83.9927646°W / 9.8172445; -83.9927646 Coordinates: 9°49′02″N83°59′34″W / 9.8172445°N 83.9927646°W / 9.8172445; -83.9927646
Country	Costa Rica
Province	Cartago
Canton	El Guarco
Area
• Total	19.9 km2 (7.7 sq mi)
Elevation	1,380 m (4,530 ft)
Population  (2011)
• Total	6,569
• Density	330/km2 (850/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC−06:00
Postal code	30803

Tobosi is a district of the El Guarco canton, in the Cartago province of Costa Rica. ^{[1] [2]} It is located about 3 miles southwest of the city of Cartago. It is also known as San Juan de Tobosi. St. John the Evangelist is the town's patron guardian.

History

Tobosi is one of the oldest town in the country.^{[ citation needed ]} It was established as a reduction by the Spanish authorities and the Franciscan friars around 1575, with a population of one hundred people. Other interpretations suggest that the town started with a hundred families.

Until 1826, the population consisted exclusively of indigenous peoples (ethnic Huet), but due to its proximity to the city of Cartago, its inhabitants were frequently used as forced labor for the benefit of the Spanish population and rapidly lost their language, dress and customs.

In 1568, responding to protests against the common abuses resulting from the direct enslavement of indigenous people by conquistadors, the Spanish King, Phillip II, created laws to protect the Indians and decreed such parceling out of indigenous peoples as slaves to be illegal. Instead of being owned directly by individual conquistadors, Indian villages or tribes were to pay a prescribed amount into a fund out of which an annual stipend was to be paid to each of the grantees. Nonetheless, the conquistadors protested to their Governor against this new arrangement and in January 1569 the Governor, Pero Afán de Ribera y Gómez, illegally apportioned the indigenous peoples as slaves, including those of the villages surrounding Cartago, among approximately forty Spaniards.

During its period of Spanish domination, the town had its own town council or municipality, which was abolished in 1836 by the government of Braulio Carrillo Colina. Like other indigenous communities in the Central Valley of Costa Rica, the people also lost their communal lands, which were confiscated and sold at public auction. ^[3]

Geography

Tobosi has an area of 19.9 km² ^[4] and an elevation of 1,380 metres. ^[1]

Locations

• Poblados (villages): Achiotillo, Barrancas, Bodocal, Garita, Purires, Tablón

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1883	814		—
1892	755		−7.2%
1950	1,179		—
1963	1,467		24.4%
1973	2,161		47.3%
1984	2,833		31.1%
2000	5,418		91.2%
2011	6,569		21.2%
Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos [5] Centro Centroamericano de Población [6]

For the 2011 census, Tobosi had a population of 6,569 inhabitants. ^[7]

Transportation

Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:

• National Route 228

Economy

The main economic activities are agriculture, livestock and some handicrafts baskets and rope.

References

1. "Declara oficial para efectos administrativos, la aprobación de la División Territorial Administrativa de la República N°41548-MGP". Sistema Costarricense de Información Jurídica (in Spanish). 19 March 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
2. División Territorial Administrativa de la República de Costa Rica (PDF) (in Spanish). Editorial Digital de la Imprenta Nacional. 8 March 2017. ISBN   978-9977-58-477-5.
3. Fernández Guardia, Ricardo. History of the discovery and conquest of Costa Rica. OL   16516619M . Retrieved 26 July 2013.
4. "Área en kilómetros cuadrados, según provincia, cantón y distrito administrativo". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 September 2020.
5. "Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos" (in Spanish).
6. "Sistema de Consulta de a Bases de Datos Estadísticas". Centro Centroamericano de Población (in Spanish).
7. "Censo. 2011. Población total por zona y sexo, según provincia, cantón y distrito". Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 September 2020.