Twin studies are studies conducted on identical or fraternal twins. They aim to reveal the importance of environmental and genetic influences for traits, phenotypes, and disorders. Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics and in related fields, from biology to psychology. Twin studies are part of the broader methodology used in behavior genetics, which uses all data that are genetically informative – siblings studies, adoption studies, pedigree, etc. These studies have been used to track traits ranging from personal behavior to the presentation of severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia.
The International Union for Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (IUPPS) is a learned society, linked through the International Council for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies to UNESCO, and concerned with the study of prehistory and protohistory. In the words of its constitution:
An idioglossia is an idiosyncratic language invented and spoken by only one person or only two people. Most often, idioglossia refers to the "private languages" of young children, especially twins, the latter being more specifically known as cryptophasia, and commonly referred to as twin talk or twin speech.
The European Physical Journal is a joint publication of EDP Sciences, Springer Science+Business Media, and the Società Italiana di Fisica. It arose in 1998 as a merger and continuation of Acta Physica Hungarica, Anales de Física, Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, Il Nuovo Cimento, Journal de Physique, Portugaliae Physica and Zeitschrift für Physik. The journal is published in various sections, covering all areas of physics.
The European Journal of Human Genetics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Nature Publishing Group on behalf of the European Society of Human Genetics. It covers all aspects of human genetics.
The Italian society of economics demography and statistics is a learned society aiming to further economic, demographic, and statistical studies and to establish active co-operation among professionals of the mentioned subjects in the field of social sciences and human behaviour. The society pursues this aim by:
Cândido Godói is a municipality of 6,151 inhabitants in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil near the Argentine border, famous for the high number of twins born there. The twin phenomenon is centered in Linha São Pedro, a small settlement in the city of Cândido Godói, in an ethnically homogeneous population of German descent.
In genetics, a non-paternity event is the situation in which someone who is presumed to be an individual's father is not in fact the biological father. This presumption of NPE is a subset of a misattributed parentage experience (MPE) which may be on the part of the individual, the parents, or the attending midwife, physician or nurse. An MPE may result from sperm donation, undisclosed adoption, heteropaternal superfecundation, promiscuity, paternity fraud, or sexual assault, as well as medical mistakes, for example, mixups during procedures such as in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination. Where there is uncertainty, the most reliable technique for establishing paternity is genetic testing; however, there is still a risk of error due to the potential for gene mutations or scoring errors.
Reginald Ruggles Gates, was a Canadian-born geneticist who published widely in the fields of botany and eugenics.
The Società Italiana di Fisica (SIF) or Italian Physical Society was founded in 1897 and is a non-profit organization whose aim is to promote, encourage, protect the study and the progress of physics in Italy and in the world.
The International Society for Twin Studies (ISTS) is an international, non-profit scientific organization. The aim of the society is to advance research and knowledge in all fields of science related to twins and/or twin studies, for the benefit of both twins and their families as well as worldwide scientific communities.
Primarosa Rinaldi de Chieri is an Italian-Argentine geneticist and physician. In 1965, she obtained her medical degree, from the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Buenos Aires. In 1978, she received a doctorate from the same university. She is a consultant and lecturer in genetics and serves as First Chair at the pediatrics department of UBA. She is also a director of the laboratory of genetic analysis at Primagen.
Montserrat Aguadé Porres is a professor emeritus of genetics at University of Barcelona and member of the Institut d'Estudis Catalans.
This article lists places worldwide where relatively high birth rates of twins were documented:
Human Heredity is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of human genetics. It was established in 1948 as Acta Genetica et Statistica Medica, obtaining its current name in 1969. It is published eight times per year by Karger Publishers and the editor-in-chief is Pak Sham. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 0.542.
Ethology Ecology & Evolution is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of the ecology, evolution or genetics of behaviour. It was established in 1890 as Monitore Zoologico Italiano, obtaining its current name in 1989, with volume numbering restarted at 1. It is published by Taylor & Francis and the editor-in-chief is Alberto Ugolini.
The Vietnam Era Twin Registry is a twin registry containing 7,369 male-male twin pairs who served in the United States Armed Forces during the Vietnam War. As of 2013, it is one of the largest national adult twin samples in the United States. All of the twins in the registry were born between 1939 and 1955. Though it was originally formed to study the effects of military service on health, it has since been widely used to study the role of genetics in many specific mental and physical illnesses.
Minerva Cardiology and Angiology, formerly Minerva Cardioangiologica, is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal founded in 1953, that publishes research articles, as well as editorials, reviews, and correspondence pieces on the study and management of cardiovascular diseases. The journal is affiliated with the Italian Society of Angiology and Vascular Medicine, the Italian College of Phlebology, and the Italian Society of Microcirculation, and it is published for them by Edizioni Minerva Medica. The editor-in-chief is Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai.
