The tugboat Martha in merchant service prior to her naval commissioning as USS Violet | |
History | |
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United States | |
Name | USS Violet |
Builder | Lawrence & Foulks (Williamsburg, NY) |
Acquired | (by USN): 30 December 1862 |
Commissioned | 29 January 1863 |
Out of service | 8 August 1864 |
Fate | Blown up to prevent capture, 8 August 1864 |
General characteristics | |
Displacement | 166 tons |
Length | 85 ft (26 m) |
Beam | 19 ft 9 in (6.02 m) |
Depth of hold | 11 ft 9 in (3.58 m) |
Installed power | Steam engine |
Propulsion | Screw |
Armament |
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USS Violet was a 166-ton steamer acquired by the U.S. Navy for use during the American Civil War.
Violet served the Navy in several ways: as a gunboat, as a tugboat, and as a torpedo boat. She served on the U.S. East Coast in the Union blockade of the Confederate States of America.
Violet—a wooden steam tug built as Martha in 1862 at Brooklyn, New York—was purchased by the Navy at New York City on 30 December 1862 for use during the American Civil War; and was commissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 29 January 1863.
Soon after her commissioning, Violet was dispatched to Newport News, Virginia, for duty as a tugboat with the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. On 27 March, she received orders to proceed to the blockade off Cape Fear Inlet, near Wilmington, North Carolina, and finally arrived for duty in early April after a storm off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, had forced her return to Hampton Roads, Virginia, in a sinking condition on 28 March.
While off Wilmington, the vessel performed double duty as both a tug and a blockader. On the night of 11 April, she chased and fired upon an unidentified steamer and, in the company of Aries, discovered the blockade-running British steamer Ceres aground and burning at the mouth of the Cape Fear River on 6 December.
When Ceres floated free during the night, Violet seized her and extinguished the fire. Violet, herself, grounded on 20 December while attempting to refloat the Confederate blockade-running steamer Antoniea. She lay aground for two nights and a day; and, at one time, salvagers feared she would become a total loss. However, after her guns had been heaved overboard, the vessel was refloated.
Early in 1864, Violet underwent repairs at the Norfolk Navy Yard, Virginia, and in April was assigned duty as a tug to the ironclad Roanoke off Newport News, Virginia. Her orders were to maintain a vigilant nighttime and foul weather guard over the ironclad and be prepared to tow the warship to safety or run down any enemy vessels in the event of a Confederate attack.
She performed this task until 20 July, when she was fitted with a torpedo device and reassigned to her old blockade station off the Cape Fear River. There, on the night of 7 August, she ran aground while proceeding to her inshore station, close to the shoal off Western Bar, North Carolina.
Despite the efforts of both her crew and volunteers from other nearby vessels to float her off, the tides forced Violet harder aground. Finally, seeing that the situation was hopeless, Violet's captain and crew fired her magazine to prevent capture, and the vessel blew up on the morning of 8 August 1864.
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CSS Squib, also known as CSS Infanta, was a Squib-class torpedo boat that served in the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War. Squib was laid down in 1863, and was launched in early 1864. Her design was a form of launch armed with a spar torpedo. Initially serving on the James River as a flag of truce boat, she snuck into the Union Navy anchorage at Hampton Roads and attacked the steam frigate USS Minnesota early on the morning of April 9, 1864. Minnesota was damaged but not sunk, and Squib was able to escape back upriver. At an unknown time in mid-1864, Squib was moved by rail to the Wilmington, North Carolina, area, where she served on the Cape Fear River. Records of her service at Wilmington after November 1864 are not extant, but she may have resupplied a Confederate fortification during the Second Battle of Fort Fisher in January 1865. The next month, the Confederates withdrew from Wilmington, and Squib was scuttled off Cape Fear.
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