The Supreme Court of India is the supreme judicial authority and the highest court of the Republic of India. It is the final court of appeal for all civil and criminal cases in India. It also has the power of judicial review. The Supreme Court,which consists of the Chief Justice of India and a maximum of fellow 33 judges,has extensive powers in the form of original,appellate and advisory jurisdictions.
The Chief Justice of India (CJI) (ISO:Bhārat kēMukhya Nyāyādhīśa) is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of India and the highest-ranking officer of the Indian judiciary. The Constitution of India grants power to the President of India to appoint,as recommended by the outgoing chief justice in consultation with other judges,(as envisaged in Article 124 (2) of the Constitution) the next Chief Justice,who will serve until they reach the age of 65 or are removed by the constitutional process of impeachment.
Sarv Mittra Sikri was an Indian lawyer and judge who served as the 13th Chief Justice of India.
Sarosh Homi Kapadia was the 38th Chief Justice of India. He was the first chief justice born after the partition of India.
Altamas Kabir was an Indian lawyer and judge who served as the 39th Chief Justice of India.
Ranjan Gogoi is an Indian former advocate and judge who served as the 46th Chief Justice of India from 2018 to 2019,having previously served as a Judge of the Supreme Court of India from 2012 to 2018. He is currently a Member of the Rajya Sabha,having been nominated by President Ram Nath Kovind on 16 March 2020. Gogoi served as a judge in the Gauhati High Court from 2001 to 2010,and then was transferred as a judge to the Punjab and Haryana High Court from 2010 to 2011 where he later was the Chief Justice from 2011 to 2012. He is also a member of the Committee on External Affairs in the Rajya Sabha.
Dipak Misra is an Indian jurist who served as the 45th Chief Justice of India from 28 August 2017 till 2 October 2018. He is also former Chief Justice of the Patna High Court and Delhi High Court. He is the nephew of Justice Ranganath Misra,who was the 21st Chief Justice from 1990 to 1991.
Kuttiyil Mathew Joseph is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India;he retired on 16 June 2023. He is former chief justice of the Uttarakhand High Court. Before his appointment as chief justice of the High Court of Uttarakhand on 31 July 2014,he had served as a judge of the Kerala High Court for more than nine years.
The Indian Judicial Collegium system,where existing judges appoint judges to the nation's constitutional courts,has its genesis in,and continued basis resting on,three of its own judgments made by Supreme Court judges,which are collectively known as the Three Judges Cases. The collegium system has often been alleged to have caste bias due to the lack of representation of marginalised communities,i.e.,OBCs,SCs and STs,in the Supreme Court and high courts.
Sharad Arvind Bobde is an Indian judge who served as the 47th Chief Justice of India from 18 November 2019 to 23 April 2021.
Nuthalapati Venkata Ramana is a former Indian judge and journalist who served as the 48th Chief Justice of India.
The National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) was a proposed body which would have been responsible for the recruitment,appointment and transfer of judicial officers,legal officers and legal employees under the government of India and in all state governments of India. The commission was established by amending the Constitution of India through the 99th constitution amendment with the Constitution (Ninety-Ninth Amendment) Act,2014 or 99th Constitutional Amendment Act-2014 passed by the Lok Sabha on 13 August 2014 and by the Rajya Sabha on 14 August 2014. The NJAC would have replaced the collegium system for the appointment of judges as invoked by the Supreme Court via judicial fiat by a new system. Along with the Constitution Amendment Act,the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act,2014,was also passed by the Parliament of India to regulate the functions of the National Judicial Appointments Commission. The NJAC Bill and the Constitutional Amendment Bill,was ratified by 16 of the state legislatures in India,and subsequently assented by the President of India Pranab Mukherjee on 31 December 2014. The NJAC Act and the Constitutional Amendment Act came into force from 13 April 2015.
Vijaya Kamlesh Tahilramani is a former Indian judge and prosecutor,who last served as the chief justice of the Madras High Court. Previously,as a judge of the Bombay High Court,she notably upheld the conviction of several persons for the rape of a pregnant Muslim woman during the 2002 Gujarat riots,chastising investigative authorities for their inaction in the matter,and also refused parole for those convicted in the 1993 Bombay bombings. She retired in 2019,after refusing to accept a controversial transfer from the Madras High Court to the Meghalaya High Court.
Suryakant Sharma is an Indian judge of the Supreme Court of India,set to become the 53rd Chief Justice of India,if the convention of seniority is followed. Prior to his elevation as judge,Kant was a Senior Advocate and also served as the Advocate General for Haryana.
Justice Bhushan Ramkrishna Gavai is a judge of Supreme Court of India. He is a former judge of the Bombay High Court and currently serves as the chancellor of the Maharashtra National Law University,Nagpur.. Also,he is the ex officio executive chairman of National Legal Services Authority. He is set to become the 52nd Chief Justice of India if the seniority convention is followed.
Bengaluru Venkataramiah Nagarathna is a judge of the Supreme Court of India. She served as a judge of the Karnataka High Court from 2008 to 2021. Her father,E. S. Venkataramiah,was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India in 1989.
Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha is a judge of the Supreme Court of India. He is former Additional Solicitor General of India. He is well known for his work on the Ayodhya Title Dispute and the BCCI cases.
Kalpathy Venkataraman Viswanathan is a judge of the Supreme Court of India.
