| Ulmus americana 'Brandon' | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Species | Ulmus americana |
| Cultivar | 'Brandon' |
| Origin | Lacombe Nurseries, Alberta, Canada |
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Brandon' was raised by Lacombe Nurseries [2] Lacombe, Alberta, Canada, before 1969; it may be synonymous with another cultivar from the same source known as 'Patmore', selected and raised by R. H. Patmore from a native tree in Brandon, Manitoba.
'Brandon' (or 'Patmore') differs from most American Elms in possessing a smaller, more compact form bearing coarsely-toothed foliage. The tree performed very well in government trials in Alberta, Canada, emerging as 'Highly Recommended'. [3]
'Brandon' is highly susceptible to Dutch Elm Disease. The species as a whole is susceptible to Elm Yellows; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola , [4] [5] and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica [6] [7] [8] in the United States. U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt. [9]
The tree remains common across the Prairie Provinces (Alberta is free of Dutch elm disease and other malaises typical of the American Elm). 'Brandon' also remains in cultivation in the city of Bozeman, Montana, where it is prized as an amenity tree by the Forestry Division, [10] and in California. The tree is not known to have been introduced to Europe or Australasia.
None known.
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Augustine', originally called 'Augustine Ascending', was cloned by Archie M. Augustine of the Augustine Nursery of Bloomington, Illinois, from a nursery seedling planted in 1927 in Normal, Illinois, and found to be columnar in habit.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Independence' was raised by Eugene B. Smalley and Donald T. Lester at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from a crossing of the American Elm cultivar Moline and American Elm clone W-185-21, to become one of the six clones forming the American Liberty series, and the only one to be patented.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Exhibition' is a selection made by the Patmore Nurseries from seeds of a tree at Brandon, Manitoba. Released in 1952, 'Exhibition' was propagated by grafting.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Washington' is a tree of unknown derivation introduced by the U. S. National Park Service.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Patmore' was selected and raised by R. H. Patmore from a native tree in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada. It may be synonymous with another cultivar from the same source, known as 'Brandon'.
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Lewis & Clark' is a development from the North Dakota State University (NDSU) Research Foundation breeding programme, released in 2004 to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the eponymous expedition. The cultivar was cloned from a tree discovered in 1994 along the Wild Rice River south west of Fargo, North Dakota, where all those around it had succumbed to Dutch elm disease; the tree remains in perfect health (2008). Prairie Expedition proved only moderately successful in the US National Elm Trial, averaging a survival rate of 62.6% overall, potentially due to environmental factors rather than susceptibility to Dutch elm disease.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Lake City' is a semi-fastigiate form cloned in the early 1920s from a ten-year old seedling found growing outside the Lutheran parsonage, Lake City, Minnesota, and released by the Lake City Nurseries there in 1931. The Nurseries published a nine-page booklet on it in 1932, 'The Lake City Elm', with full description, a photograph of the original tree, and commendatory letters. It was later described by Wyman in Trees Magazine 3 (4): 13, 1940.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Littleford' was cloned from a tree in Hinsdale, Illinois, circa 1915 by Littleford Nurseries of Downers Grove, Illinois, and first released in 1927. It was marketed in the 1930s by nearby Hinsdale Nurseries, successor to Littleford Nurseries, as 'Littlefordii'. In their 1925 catalogue Littleford Nurseries had written of their selection: "The growing of the American elm is a specialty with us; we consider it the leading shade and ornamental tree. Our trees are a selected strain of the V-shaped type, a stock of 15 to 20 thousand, all 2 ins. and up in size, transplanted twice and in splendid vigor for planting".
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Moline' was cloned from a wild seedling transplanted to Moline, Illinois, from nearby Rock River Valley in 1903 and propagated from 1916 by the Klehm Nurseries, Arlington Heights, Illinois.
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Beebe's Weeping' was propagated from a tree growing in the wild at Galena, Illinois, by Mr. E. Beebe circa 1889. It was marketed by the Klehm nursery of Arlington Heights, Illinois, in the early 20th century, as Ulmus 'American Galena Weeping', "American Weeping Elm".
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Aurea' was cloned from a tree discovered by F. L. Temple in Vermont at the end of the 19th century.
The American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Beaverlodge' was selected as a seedling in 1925 at the Beaverlodge Experimental Farm, Morden, part of the Lacombe Research Centre, Alberta, for its hardiness and vigour, and released in 1954.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Fiorei' was raised by the Charles Fiore Nurseries, Prairie View, Illinois, before 1956, but is no longer listed by the company.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Morden' was cloned from a selection made by the Dominion Experimental Farm, Morden, Manitoba, in 1939 on account of its ability to withstand severe ice storms without breakage.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Iowa State' was cloned from a tree discovered by Professor Alexander (Sandy) McNabb of Iowa State University as the sole survivor in 40 acres (16 ha) of diseased elm at Burlington.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'L'Assomption' was selected from seedlings grown from X-irradiated seed at the eponymous experimental station in Quebec before 1965.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Jackson' was cloned from a selection made at Wichita, Kansas, which had reputedly shewn no signs of Dutch elm disease damage at >50 years of age.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Flick's Spreader' was cloned from a tree discovered by John T. Flick on a farm near Hammon, Oklahoma. Cuttings were given to the Sunshine Nursery, Clinton, Oklahoma, in 1997, which later marketed the tree as 'Flick's Spreader'.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Creole Queen' was cloned from a tree growing outside New Orleans and was released in 2008.
The American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Miller Park' is a selection made by the University of Minnesota. Originally identified as MNT-0365, it was cloned from an old elm surviving in Hennepin County, Minnesota. 'Miller Park' is currently (2016) being researched but no data have yet been published. The tree is named for the eponymous park in Eden Prairie, in the environs of Minneapolis.
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