| Ulmus parvifolia 'Dynasty' | |
|---|---|
| Species | Ulmus parvifolia |
| Cultivar | 'Dynasty' |
| Origin | US |
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Dynasty' is a United States National Arboretum introduction resulting from a controlled crossing of two trees of Korean origin. [1] First described in 1984, [2] it is reputed to be very fast-growing. [3]
A medium tree rarely exceeding 13 m in height, with a spread of similar dimension producing a very rounded shape. Opinions of the tree's aesthetic merit vary; Dirr considered that the tree "borders on a boondoggle", [4] whereas Warren and Jacobson thought the shape "good", and the foliage a decent autumn colour (the leaves turn orange-yellow). [5] [6]
The species and its cultivars are highly resistant, but not immune, to Dutch elm disease, and unaffected by the Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola . [7] Moreover, the tree's foliage was adjudged "resistant" to Black Spot by the Plant Diagnostic Clinic of the University of Missouri .
The tree is largely limited to North America, although it has been introduced to Italy.
Ulmus 'Frontier' is an American hybrid cultivar, a United States National Arboretum introduction derived from a crossing of the European Field Elm Ulmus minor with the Chinese Elm Ulmus parvifolia in 1971. Released in 1990, the tree is a rare example of the hybridization of spring- and autumn-flowering elms. Tested in the US National Elm Trial coordinated by Colorado State University, 'Frontier' averaged a survival rate of 74% after 10 years.
Ulmus 'Homestead' is an American hybrid elm cultivar raised by Alden Townsend of the United States National Arboretum at the Nursery Crops Laboratory in Delaware, Ohio. The cultivar arose from a 1970 crossing of the Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila with the hybrid N 215, the latter grown from seed sent in 1960 to the University of Wisconsin-Madison elm breeding team by Hans Heybroek of the De Dorschkamp Research Institute in the Netherlands. Tested in the US National Elm Trial coordinated by Colorado State University, 'Homestead' averaged a survival rate of 85% after 10 years in the US National Elm Trial. However, planting of the tree was not recommended, owing principally to its 'ugly' shape and susceptibility to Southwest injury. 'Homestead' was released to commerce without patent restrictions in 1984.
The hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus × hollandica 'Pioneer' is an American clone arising from the crossing of two European species, Wych Elm U. glabra and Field Elm U. minor. Raised by the USDA station at Delaware, Ohio, in 1971, 'Pioneer' was released to commerce in 1983.
Ulmus 'Regal' is an American hybrid elm cultivar developed by the University of Wisconsin–Madison and released in 1983. 'Regal' was derived from seeds arising from the crossing of the Dutch hybrid clones 'Commelin' and '215' sent in 1960 by Hans M. Heybroek of the Dorschkamp Research Institute for Forestry & Landscape Planning, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Ulmus 'Morton Plainsman' is a hybrid cultivar raised by the Morton Arboretum from a crossing of Siberian Elm and a Japanese Elm grown from openly pollinated seed donated by the Agriculture Canada Research Station at Morden, Manitoba. Tested in the US National Elm Trial coordinated by Colorado State University, Vanguard averaged a survival rate of 78% after 10 years.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Burgundy' is a small American development.
Ulmus parvifolia 'Emer II' or 'Emerald Vase' is a Chinese Elm cultivar selected by Dr. Michael A. Dirr and cloned in the late 1980s from a tree planted circa 1910 on the University of Georgia campus at Athens, that had survived ice-storms undamaged. It was patented in 1991.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Emer I' or 'Emerald Isle' was cloned from a tree planted circa 1920 on the University of Georgia campus at Athens.
Ulmus parvifolia 'A. Ross Central Park' is a Chinese elm cultivar that is probably the hardiest in cultivation and was patented in 1989 by David F. Karnosky. The original tree, planted c.1873, grew near the entrance to Central Park, at the junction of Fifth Avenue and 72nd Street in the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, and died in the 1990s aged over 100 years. The cloning project was initiated in 1976 by the Arthur Ross Foundation, and executed by the School of Forestry and Wood Products, Michigan Technological University, Houghton.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Hallelujah' is one of three American introductions made circa 1992 that were selected for their cold hardiness. 'Hallelujah' is known to have withstood -37 °C (-35 °F) in Missouri. The tree was first listed by the Arborvillage Nursery, Holt, Missouri, in its 1993–1994 catalogue.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Pathfinder' is another development by A. M. Townsend of the USDA National Arboretum registered in 1990.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Sempervirens' is an American introduction from south China, commonly known by the synonym 'Evergreen'. It was first listed by Bailey & Bailey in Hortus Second, 747, 1941.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Frosty', or 'Frosty' lacebark elm, was intended primarily as a dwarf variegated variety. Krüssmann (1976) states that it was raised in Japan. It was first distributed by the Mitsch Nursery, Oregon, USA.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'King's Choice', patented in 1985, is one of the early American selections best known for its winter hardiness, being able to withstand temperatures of -30 degrees Celsius. It was originally selected for its "outstanding growth ".
Ulmus davidianavar.japonica 'JFS-Bieberich' is a Japanese Elm cultivar that was raised by the Sunshine Nursery, Oklahoma, from seed collected in China by proprietor Steve Bieberich. Emerald Sunshine proved only moderately successful in the US National Elm Trial, averaging a survival rate of 70% overall.
Ulmus 'Patriot' is a hybrid cultivar raised by the United States National Arboretum in 1980. Derived from a crossing of the American hybrid 'Urban' with the Wilson's Elm cultivar 'Prospector', 'Patriot' was released to commerce, free of patent restrictions, in 1993. Tested in the US National Elm Trial coordinated by Colorado State University, 'Patriot' averaged a survival rate of 85% after 10 years.
The winged elm cultivar Ulmus alata 'Lace Parasol' was found by a North Carolina nurseryman growing in local woods. Removed to his yard, it remained there until his death, when it was removed again to the North Carolina State Arboretum in Raleigh by J. C. Raulston.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Seiju' is a dwarf variety, a sport of 'Hokkaido'.
The Chinese Elm cultivar Ulmus parvifolia 'Elsmo' was released by the USDA Soil Conservation Service, at Elsberry, Missouri, in 1990 as an open-pollinated, seed-propagated cultivar of extremely variable progeny.
Ulmus parvifolia, commonly known as the Chinese elm or lacebark elm, is a species native to eastern Asia, including China, India, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. It has been described as "one of the most splendid elms, having the poise of a graceful Nothofagus".