United Left (Austria)

Last updated
United Left
Vereinigte Linke
Founded1881
Dissolved1885
Preceded by VP
Succeeded by German-Austrian Club
Ideology Liberalism
Centralism
Progressivism
Social liberalism
Anti-clericalism
German nationalism
Pan-Germanism
Political position Center-left

The United Left (German : Vereinigte Linke) was a political party in Cisleithania, which existed from 1881 to 1885, which was liberal and centralist in orientation. Its members were mainly the German bourgeois class and some progressive-leaning German aristocrats.

Contents

History

There was a growing polarization between Taaffe's Conservative Federalist government, which had been in office since 1879, and the German liberal opposition. This led the various groups of the German liberal opposition to found a common party. In the fall of 1881 they formed the United Left.

In the late 1870s, the Taaffe's government came to power in Cisleithania, combining Conservative and Federalist forces with the help of Czechs and Poles and relegating the Constitutionalist Liberals to opposition for a long time. The constitutionalist camp responded to this reversal of power by attempting to unify into a more actionable opposition bloc. In November 1881, therefore, the Parliamentary Club Vereinigte Linken was founded. [1] On 21 November 1881, it was reported that 110 deputies had already joined the new parliamentary fraction, [2] according to data from 26 November, the club should soon have 147 members. [3] Another source from the same days puts the current number of members at 138. [4] In any case, it included a large part of the constitutionalist camp.

The group around Franz Coronini von Cronberg, who later formed his own parliamentary faction called Club Coronini (officially the Liberal Center Club), remained on the sidelines. The United Left joined the Imperial Council election in 1885 and won, according to preliminary estimates immediately after the election, 129 mandates.

After the 1885 elections, which meant the final loss of the former majority of German liberals in the Reichsrat, the United Left split into two parties. A strong minority of the deputies of the former United Left formed the German Club. Its members renounced the liberals' earlier claim as a state party above nationalities and in the future explicitly represented German interests in the Habsburg monarchy. Thereafter, the remaining United Left deputies formed the German-Austrian Club.

In 1888 the German Club and the German-Austrian Club merged again to form the German United Left.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cisleithania</span> Austrian part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire

Cisleithania, officially The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, was the northern and western part of Austria-Hungary, the Dual Monarchy created in the Compromise of 1867—as distinguished from Transleithania. This name for the region was a common, but unofficial one.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Constitutionalist Liberal Party</span> Political party in Nicaragua

The Constitutionalist Liberal Party is a political party in Nicaragua. At the Nicaraguan general election of 5 November 2006, the party won 25 of 92 seats in the National Assembly. However, the party suffered a devastating loss in the 2011 general election, losing 23 seats in the National Assembly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Croatian Peasant Party</span> Political party in Croatia

The Croatian Peasant Party is an agrarian political party in Croatia founded on 22 December 1904 by Antun and Stjepan Radić as Croatian Peoples' Peasant Party (HPSS). The Brothers Radić believed that the realization of Croatian statehood was possible within Austria-Hungary, but that it had to be reformed as a Monarchy divided into three equal parts – Austria, Hungary, Croatia. After the creation of Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1918, Party requested for the Croatian part of the Kingdom to be based on self-determination. This brought them great public support which culminated in 1920 parliamentary election when HPSS won all 58 seats assigned to Croatia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lands of the Bohemian Crown (1867–1918)</span> History of the Czech lands (Bohemia and Moravia) 1867–1918

The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 established the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Count Kasimir Felix Badeni</span> Austrian politician (1846–1909)

Count Kasimir Felix Badeni, a member of the Polish noble House of Badeni, was an Austrian statesman, who served as Minister-President of Cisleithania from 1895 until 1897.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Liberal Party (Germany)</span> Political party in Germany

The National Liberal Party was a liberal party of the North German Confederation and the German Empire which flourished between 1867 and 1918.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Georg Ritter von Schönerer</span> Austrian politician

Georg Ritter von Schönerer was an Austrian landowner and politician of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A major exponent of pan-Germanism and German nationalism in Austria as well as a radical opponent of political Catholicism and a fierce antisemite, Schönerer exerted much influence on the young Adolf Hitler. He was known for a generation as the most radical pan-German nationalist in Austria.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Imperial Council (Austria)</span> Legislature of the Austrian Empire from 1861

The Imperial Council was the legislature of the Austrian Empire from 1861 until 1918. It was a bicameral body: the upper house was the House of Lords, and the lower house was the House of Deputies. To become law, bills had to be passed by both houses, signed by the government minister responsible, and then granted royal assent by the Emperor. After having been passed, laws were published in the Reichsgesetzblatt. In addition to the Imperial Council, the fifteen individual crown lands of Cisleithania had their own diets.

This article gives an overview of liberalism in Austria. It is limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proved by having had representation in parliament. For inclusion in this scheme it isn't necessary that parties labeled themselves as a liberal party.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe</span> Austrian statesman (1833–1895)

Eduard Franz Joseph Graf von Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe was an Austrian statesman, who served for two terms as Minister-President of Cisleithania, leading cabinets from 1868 to 1870 and 1879 to 1893. He was a scion of the Irish Taaffe noble dynasty, who held hereditary titles from two countries: Imperial Counts (Reichsgrafen) of the Holy Roman Empire and viscounts in the Peerage of Ireland.

The German Progress Party was the first modern political party in Germany, founded by liberal members of the Prussian House of Representatives in 1861 in opposition to Minister President Otto von Bismarck.

Westminster Abbey was a constituency in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons by the first past the post system of election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Republic of German-Austria</span> Rump state in Central Europe (1918–1919)

The Republic of German-Austria was an unrecognised state that was created following World War I as an initial rump state for areas with a predominantly German-speaking and ethnic German population within what had been the Austro-Hungarian Empire, with plans for eventual unification with Germany. The territories covered an area of 118,311 km2 (45,680 sq mi), with 10.4 million inhabitants.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Count Karl Sigmund von Hohenwart</span> Austrian politician

Count Karl Sigmund von Hohenwart was an Austrian politician who served as Minister-President of Austria in 1871. Hohenwart’s government attempted to implement a Federalist agreement between Bohemia and the governing Austro-Hungarian Empire. This attempt to conciliate the Bohemian Czechs caused massive criticism, and led to the fall of the Hohenwart government only months after it assumed office.

National liberalism is a variant of liberalism, combining liberal policies and issues with elements of nationalism. Historically, national liberalism has also been used in the same meaning as conservative liberalism (right-liberalism).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eduard Herbst</span> Austrian jurist and politician (1820–1892)

Eduard Herbst was an Austrian jurist and politician. He served as Minister of Justice in the "Citizens' Ministry" of Cisleithania from 1867 to 1870.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1897 Cisleithanian legislative election</span>

Legislative elections to elect the members of the ninth Imperial Council were held in March 1897 in Cisleithania, the northern and western ("Austrian") crown lands of Austria-Hungary. These elections were first in Cisleithania held under the curial system with universal, but still not equal, suffrage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Felix Pino von Friedenthal</span> Austrian civil servant and politician

Felix Pino Freiherr von Friedenthal was an Austrian civil servant and politician.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Engelbert Pernerstorfer</span>

Engelbert Pernerstorfer was an Austrian politician. He was initially a liberal reformer, later a nationalist and finally a social democrat. He was also a member of the Reichstag for years.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franz Coronini von Cronberg</span> Austrian politician (1833–1901)

Count Franz Coronini von Cronberg was an Austrian politician from the House of Coronini von Cronberg.

References

  1. "no. 6189". Neue Freie Presse . 19 November 1881. p. 1.
  2. "no. 321". Das Vaterland . 21 November 1881. p. 1.
  3. "no. 68". Teplitz-Schönauer Anzeiger . 26 November 1881. p. 4.
  4. "no. 95". Steyrer Zeitung . 27 November 1881. p. 1.

Literature