Oncidium, abbreviated as Onc. in the horticultural trade, is a genus that contains about 330 species of orchids from the subtribe Oncidiinae of the orchid family (Orchidaceae). As presently conceived, it is distributed across much of South America, Central America, Mexico and the West Indies, with one species (O. ensatum) extending into Florida. Common names for plants in this genus include dancing-lady orchid and golden shower orchid.
Brassia is a genus of orchids classified in the Oncidiinae subtribe. It is native to Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America, with one species extending into Florida.
Caryocar is a genus of flowering plants, in the South American family Caryocaraceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1771. It is native primarily to South America with a few species extending into Central America and the West Indies.
Aspidosperma is a genus of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1824. It is native to South America, Central America, southern Mexico, and the West Indies.
Desmoncus is a genus of spiny palms native to the Neotropics. The genus extends from Mexico in the north to Brazil and Bolivia in the south, with two species present in the southeastern Caribbean.
- Desmoncus chinantlensisLiebm. ex Mart. - southern Mexico and Central America
- Desmoncus cirrhiferA.H.Gentry & Zardini - Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
- Desmoncus costaricensis(Kuntze) Burret - Costa Rica
- Desmoncus giganteusA.J.Hend. - Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, western Brazil
- Desmoncus horridusSplitg. ex Mart. - Trinidad, Venezuela, the Guianas, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil
- Desmoncus interjectusA.J.Hend. - Colombia
- Desmoncus kunariusde Nevers ex A.J.Hend. - Panama
- Desmoncus latisectusBurret - Bolivia
- Desmoncus leptoclonosDrude - Paraguay, Brazil
- Desmoncus loretanusA.J.Hend. - Loreto region of Peru
- Desmoncus madrensisA.J.Hend. - Peru
- Desmoncus mitisMart. - Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia
- Desmoncus mooreiA.J.Hend. - Nicaragua, Costa Rica
- Desmoncus myriacanthosDugand. - Panama, Colombia, Venezuela
- Desmoncus obovoideusA.J.Hend. - Panama
- Desmoncus orthacanthosMart. - eastern Brazil
- Desmoncus osensisA.J.Hend. - Costa Rica
- Desmoncus parvulusL.H.Bailey - Venezuela, Colombia, northwestern Brazil, the Guianas
- Desmoncus polyacanthosMart. - Trinidad, Windward Islands, Venezuela, the Guianas, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil
- Desmoncus pruniferPoepp. ex Mart. - Loreto region of Peru
- Desmoncus pumilusTrail. - Colombia, northwestern Brazil
- Desmoncus setosusMart. - Colombia, northwestern Brazil
- Desmoncus stansGrayum & Nevers - Costa Rica
- Desmoncus vacivusL.H.Bailey - Colombia, northwestern Brazil, Peru
Asplundia is a genus of plants belonging to the family Cyclanthaceae. They are distributed in the Neotropic ecozone from southern Mexico to southern Brazil.
Eschweilera is a genus of woody plants in the family Lecythidaceae first described as a genus in 1828. It is native to southern Mexico, Central America, South America, and Trinidad.
Gustavia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae described by Linnaeus in 1775. It is native to tropical Central America and South America. Many of the species are threatened; some are critically endangered Gustavia superba, though, is actually abundant in re-growing secondary forests. It grows in northern South America, from Panama south through the Andes as far as Ecuador, and along the Caribbean coast and in the Amazon basin.
Tinamus is a genus of birds in the tinamou family. This genus comprises some of the larger members of this South American family.
Aegiphila is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae, first described in 1763. It was formerly classified in the Verbenaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, South America, the West Indies, and Florida.
Prestonia is a genus of plants in the Apocynaceae family, first described as a genus in 1810. It is native to Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies. It is closely related to Artia and Parsonsia.
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Agrias amydon, the Amydon agrias or white-spotted agrias, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found from Mexico, south through Central America to South America.
Adelpha cocala, the cocala sister or orange-washed sister, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by Pieter Cramer in 1779. It is found from Honduras to Panama, Guatemala, Venezuela, Colombia, Surinam, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil.
Lasaia agesilas, known as the glittering sapphire, black-patch bluemark or Narses metalmark is a species of Lasaia metalmark butterfly in the family Riodinidae that is native to Central America and the north of South America. It ranges from Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, British Guiana, to the Brazilian Amazon.
