Valencia de Jesús

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Valencia de Jesús
Corregimientos of Valledupar - Valencia de Jesus.png
Location in the municipality of Valledupar.
Country Colombia
Department Cesar
Municipality Valledupar
Founded 1590
Government
 • Type Corregimiento

Valencia de Jesús is a Colombian town and corregimiento of Valledupar in the Department of Cesar. The village is known for preserving one of the oldest churches in the Americas. [1]

Colombia Country in South America

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America. Colombia shares a border to the northwest with Panama, to the east with Venezuela and Brazil and to the south with Ecuador and Peru. It shares its maritime limits with Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti, and the Dominican Republic. Colombia is a unitary, constitutional republic comprising thirty-two departments, with the capital in Bogota.

Valledupar City and municipality in Caribbean, Colombia

Valledupar is a city and municipality in northeastern Colombia. It is the capital of Cesar Department. Its name, Valle de Upar, was established in honor of the Amerindian cacique who ruled the valley; Cacique Upar. The city lies between the mountains of Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Serranía del Perijá to the borders of the Guatapurí and Cesar rivers.

Contents

History

The village was founded by Captain Antonio Florez in c. 1590 with the name Dulce Nombre de Jesus but due to constant attacks from the indigenous Chimila, the town was moved closer to Valledupar. The old village was named; Pueblo Viejo (named changed to Pueblo Bello in the 20th Century) and the new town; Nueva Valencia. [2]

Pueblo Bello village in Caribbean, Colombia

Pueblo Bello, is a village and municipality in the northern region of the Department of Cesar, Colombia. It is located in the mountains of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and is home to Amerindians pertaining to the Arhuaco ethnicity, whom consider Pueblo Bello a sanctuary but by the name of Arumake in their language. Pueblo Bello is the main producer of coffee in the Caribbean Region of Colombia.

During the Spanish conquest and colonization of the Americas Valencia was a Spanish enclave similar in importance to Valledupar, functioning as seat of its municipality and its territory extended from Nabusimake to El Paso. [3]

El Paso, Cesar municipality in Caribbean, Colombia

El Paso is a municipality in the Cesar Department of Colombia. El Paso is mostly known for having the second largest coal mine in Colombia, located in the corregimiento of La Loma.

Valencia was also one of the most important religious centers in the region for the Community of the Dominicans which imposed on the Christian faith on the indigenous. The Parish of Valencia de Jesus back then limited to the north with Valledupar, Azúcar Buena I, to the west with the Garupal River, to the south with Espiritu Santo in between the Cesar River up to a locality named Alto Minas. [4]

Dominican Order Roman Catholic religious order

The Order of Preachers, also known as the Dominican Order, is a mendicant Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic of Caleruega in France, approved by Pope Honorius III via the Papal bull Religiosam vitam on 22 December 1216. Members of the order, who are referred to as Dominicans, generally carry the letters OP after their names, standing for Ordinis Praedicatorum, meaning of the Order of Preachers. Membership in the order includes friars, nuns, active sisters, and affiliated lay or secular Dominicans.

Cesar River river in Colombia

The Cesar River is a river in northern Colombia which is a part of the Magdalena Basin. It flows through the Cesar-Ranchería Basin and separates the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta from the mountain ranges of the Serranía del Perijá, an extension of the Cordillera Oriental. It flows north to south, down from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the Guajira Department onto the Cesar Department and flowing into the Zapatosa Marsh where it turns to the southwest and discharges into the Magdalena River. Valledupar is the only major city on its route.

During the independence movement in the 19th Century, Valencia was considered a powerful village with an aristocrat base of inhabitants owners of large haciendas . After the revolt in Valledupar against the Spanish monarchical authorities, Valencia de Jesus sided with the King of Spain, Fernando VII organized and confronted the people of Valledupar, who defeated them. After the independence the village decayed and was added to Valledupar. [3]

A hacienda, in the colonies of the Spanish Empire, is an estate, similar in form to a Roman villa. Some haciendas were plantations, mines or factories. Many haciendas combined these activities. The word is derived from the Spanish word "hacer" or "haciendo", which means: to make or be making, respectively; and were largely business enterprises consisting of various money making ventures including raising farm animals and maintaining orchards.

Notes

  1. ↑ (in Spanish) El Pilon: Iglesia de Valencia de Jesús: Un cofre repleto de valores
  2. ↑ Gutierrez Hinojosa 2000 , p. 119
  3. 1 2 Gutierrez Hinojosa 2000 , p. 120
  4. ↑ (in Spanish) El PIlon: Semana Santa en Valencia de Jesús (Archivo Diocesano de Santa Marta)

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Chimila

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References

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Coordinates: 10°18′N73°24′W / 10.300°N 73.400°W / 10.300; -73.400

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