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The Aymara or Aimara people are an indigenous nation in the Andes and Altiplano regions of South America; about 2.3 million live in Bolivia, Peru and Chile. Their ancestors lived in the region for many centuries before becoming a subject people of the Inca in the late 15th or early 16th century, and later of the Spanish in the 16th century. With the Spanish American Wars of Independence (1810–25), the Aymaras became subjects of the new nations of Bolivia and Peru. After the War of the Pacific (1879–83), Chile annexed territory with Aymara population.
Aymara is an Aymaran language spoken by the Aymara people of the Bolivian Andes. It is one of only a handful of Native American languages with over one million speakers. Aymara, along with Spanish, is an official language in Bolivia and Peru. It is also spoken, to a much lesser extent, by some communities in northern Chile, where it is a recognized minority language.
The benefactive case is a grammatical case used where English would use "for", "for the benefit of", or "intended for", e.g. "She opened the door for Tom" or "This book is for Bob". The benefactive case expresses that the referent of the noun it marks receives the benefit of the situation expressed by the clause.
The Urubamba River or Vilcamayo River is a river in Peru. Upstream it is called Vilcanota River. Within the La Convención Province the naming changes to Urubamba. A partially navigable headwater of the Amazon River, it rises in the Andes to the southeast of Cuzco. It originates on the slopes of Khunurana in the Puno Region, Melgar Province, near the La Raya pass. It flows north-north-west for 724 kilometers before coalescing with the Tambo River to form the Ucayali River.
Siku is a traditional Andean panpipe. This instrument is the main instrument used in a musical genre known as sikuri. It is traditionally found all across the Andes but is more typically associated with music from the Kollasuyo, or Aymara speaking regions around Lake Titicaca. Historically because of the complicated mountain geography of the region, and due to other factors, in some regions each community would develop its own type of siku, with its own special tuning, shape and size. Additionally each community developed its own style of playing. Today the siku has been standardized to fit in with modern western forms of music and has been transported from its traditional roots.
Ludovico Bertonio was an Italian Jesuit missionary to South America.
Nazacara or Nasa Q'ara is a village in the La Paz Department in Bolivia. It is the seat of the Nazacara Canton in the San Andrés de Machaca Municipality which is the fifth municipal section of the Ingavi Province.
Choquepuquio is an ancient Wari site in Peru in the valley of Cusco. These extensive ruins are situated in the Quispicanchi Province, Lucre District, near the village of Huacarpay and the homonymous lake.
Wayna Khunu Qullu or Wayna Khunuqullu is one of the highest peaks in the Kimsa Cruz mountain range in the Andes of Bolivia. Its summit reaches about 5,640 metres (18,504 ft) above sea level.
Wila Lluxi is a mountain in the Andes, about 5,596 m (18,360 ft) high. It lies in the Cordillera Real of Bolivia in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality, Kirani Canton. It is situated on the western side of the Janq'u Quta valley next to the mountains Warawarani and Phaq'u Kiwuta. Other prominent mountains nearby are Janq'u Laya and Janq'u Uyu in the north, and Wila Lluxita and Mullu Apachita in the northeast, all of them higher than 5,000 m.
Phaq'u Kiwuta is a mountain in the Andes, about 5,589 m (18,337 ft) high. It is located in the Cordillera Real of Bolivia in the La Paz Department, Los Andes Province, Batallas Municipality, Kirani Canton. It is situated south-west of the mountain Wila Lluxi, south-east of Warawarani and north of a lake named Quta Thiya in some maps. Other prominent mountains nearby are Jisk'a Pata and Janq'u Uyu in the north, and Wila Lluxita and Mullu Apachita in the north-east, all of them higher than 5,000 m.
Vianania argentinensis is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Rothschild in 1912. It is found in Argentina.
Tanqa Tanqa or Tanka Tanka is an archaeological site in Peru. It is located in the Puno Region, Chucuito Province, Zepita District. The site was declared a National Cultural Heritage (Patrimonio Cultural) of Peru.
Paraccra is an archaeological site in the Andes of Peru on a mountain of the same name. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, Caylloma Province, Sibayo District, near the Colca River. The site contains towers, round houses and black walls.
Wila Wilani is an archaeological site with rock art in Peru. It is located in the Tacna Region, Tacna Province, Palca District, near Wila Wilani (Vilavilane, Vilavilani). The motives of the paintings are predominantly hunting scenes with camelids.
Vianania australis is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Orfila in 1935. It is found in Argentina.
Pirca Pirca is an archaeological site in Peru. It is located in the Lima Region, Yauyos Province, Tanta District. Pirca Pirca was declared a National Cultural Heritage of Peru by Resolución Viceministerial No. 011-2013-VMPCIC-MC on February 7, 2013. It lies north of Lake Paucarcocha.
Uma Jalanta is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia, about 5,723 metres (18,776 ft) high. It is located in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Sorata Municipality. It lies south-east of the mountains Janq'u Uma and Janq'u Piti, near the mountain Misk'i T'ant'a.
Wiluyu Janq'u Uma or Wiluyu is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia, about 5,540 metres (18,176 ft) high. It is located in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Sorata Municipality. It lies northwest of the mountain Yapuchañani, northeast of Misk'i T'ant'a and Uma Jalanta and east of Illampu.
Mullu Q'awa is an archaeological site in Peru on a mountain of that name. It is located in the Cusco Region, Espinar Province, Alto Pichigua District. It lies near the village of Mullu Q'awa (Molloccahua, Molloqhawa). It is situated on top of the mountain at a height of about 4,000 m (13,000 ft).
References
- ↑ Beccaloni, G.; Scoble, M.; Kitching, I.; Simonsen, T.; Robinson, G.; Pitkin, B.; Hine, A.; Lyal, C., eds. (2003). "Vianania aymara". The Global Lepidoptera Names Index . Natural History Museum . Retrieved May 15, 2018.
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