| Lithosiini | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Atolmis rubricollis | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Tribe: | Lithosiini Billberg, 1820 |
The Lithosiini are a tribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was described by Gustaf Johan Billberg in 1820.
The tribe was previously treated as a higher-level taxon, the subfamily Lithosiinae, within the lichen and tiger moth family, Arctiidae. The ranks of the family and its subdivisions were lowered in a recent reclassification while keeping the contents of the family and its subdivisions largely unchanged. These changes in rank triggered changes in the suffixes in the names. The family Arctiidae as a whole was reclassified as the subfamily Arctiinae within the family Erebidae. The original subfamily Lithosiinae was lowered to tribe status as Lithosiini, and its original tribes were lowered to subtribe status by changing the -ini suffix to -ina (e.g., Acsalini became Acsalina). Thus the present name "Lithosiini" used to refer to only a subgroup of the entire lichen moth group (Lithosiinae), but now it refers to the entire group.
The systematics of the Lithosiini are in need of revision. For example, the proposed subtribes Afridina, Cisthenina, Endrosina and Eudesmina require validation and delimitation of content. The arrangement followed here is based on the preliminary consensus list of Savela (2007).
The tribe currently contains about 2752 species.
Many genera in the tribe Lithosiini are included in the following subtribes, while the others are incertae sedis.
The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They're considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the other families of the Noctuoidea. It was considered the largest family in Lepidoptera for a long time, but after regrouping Lymantriinae, Catocalinae and Calpinae within the family Erebidae, the latter holds this title now. Currently, Noctuidae is the second largest family in Noctuoidea, with about 1,089 genera and 11,772 species. However, this classification is still contingent, as more changes continue to appear between Noctuidae and Erebidae.
The Arctiinae are a large and diverse subfamily of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This subfamily includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths, which usually have bright colours, footmen, which are usually much drabber, lichen moths, and wasp moths. Many species have "hairy" caterpillars that are popularly known as woolly bears or woolly worms. The scientific name Arctiinae refers to this hairiness. Some species within the Arctiinae have the word "tussock"' in their common names because they have been misidentified as members of the Lymantriinae subfamily based on the characteristics of the larvae.
The Lymantriinae are a subfamily of moths of the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by George Hampson in 1893.
Noctuoidea is the superfamily of noctuid or "owlet" moths, and has more than 70,000 described species, the largest number of for any Lepidopteran superfamily. Its classification has not yet reached a satisfactory or stable state. Since the end of the 20th century, increasing availability of molecular phylogenetic data for this hugely successful radiation has led to several competing proposals for a taxonomic arrangement that correctly represents the relationships between the major lineages.
The Arctiini are a tribe of tiger moths in the family Erebidae.
The Calpinae are a subfamily of moths in the family Erebidae described by Jean Baptiste Boisduval in 1840. This subfamily includes many species of moths that have a pointed and barbed proboscis adapted to piercing the skins of fruit to feed on juice, and in the case of the several Calyptra species of vampire moths, to piercing the skins of mammals to feed on blood. The subfamily contains some large moths with wingspans longer than 5 cm (2 in).
The Arctiina are a subtribe of moths in the family Erebidae.
The Ctenuchina are a subtribe of moths in the family Erebidae.
Acsala is a monotypic lichen moth genus in the monotypic tribe Acsalina of the family Erebidae. Its only species, Acsala anomala, can be found in the US state of Alaska. Both the genus and species were first described by Foster H. Benjamin in 1935.
Barsine is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae.
Cyana is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. Species are well distributed in Africa, Madagascar, China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Sumatra, Java and Borneo. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1854.
Dolgoma is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by Frederic Moore in 1878.
Eugoa is a genus in the family Erebidae, subfamily Arctiinae. The genus was erected by Francis Walker in 1858. They are found in India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar and Borneo.
Lyclene is a genus of lichen moths of the family Erebidae, subfamily Arctiinae. The genus was erected by Frederic Moore in 1860.
Prabhasa venosa is a moth of the family Erebidae. It is found in eastern India, Myanmar, Thailand, China and Taiwan.
Stictane is a genus of moths in the family Erebidae erected by George Hampson in 1900.
The Cisthenina are a subtribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae, currently containing 428 described species.
The Endrosina are a subtribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae.
The Lithosiina are a subtribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by Gustaf Johan Billberg in 1820.
The Nudariina are a subtribe of lichen moths in the family Erebidae. The taxon was described by Carl Julius Bernhard Börner in 1920.
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