Vineland Borough, New Jersey

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Vineland Borough, New Jersey
Map of Cumberland County highlighting Vineland.png
Map of Vineland City in Cumberland County, which includes the former Vineland Borough and Landis Township. Inset: Location of Cumberland County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Vineland, New Jersey.png
Census Bureau map of Vineland City, New Jersey, which includes the former Vineland Borough and Landis Township.
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Cumberland
Incorporated May 28, 1880 [1]
Government
  Type Borough
Time zone UTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
  Summer (DST) UTC-4 (Eastern (EDT))

Vineland Borough is a defunct borough in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States that existed from 1880 until 1952.

Vineland was originally incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on May 28, 1880, from portions of Landis Township, based on the results of a referendum held three days earlier. On July 1, 1952, Vineland Borough and Landis Township were merged to form Vineland city, based on the results of a referendum held on February 5, 1952. [1] [2] [3] Festivities on July 1, 1952, when the merger took effect, included a parade and speeches from such notables as Senator Estes Kefauver. [4]

History

Historical population
CensusPop.
1880 2,519
1890 3,82251.7%
1900 4,37014.3%
1910 5,28220.9%
1920 6,43221.8%
1930 7,55617.5%
1940 7,9144.7%
1950 8,1553.0%
Population sources:
1870-1950 [5] 1910-1930 [6]
1930-1950 [7]

Charles K. Landis purchased 20,000 acres (81 km2) of land in 1861, near Millville, New Jersey, and along an existing railroad line with service to Philadelphia, to create his own alcohol-free utopian society based on agriculture and progressive thinking. The first houses were built in 1862, and train service was established to Philadelphia and New York City, with the population reaching 5,500 by 1865. [8]

Established as a Temperance Town, where the sale of alcohol was prohibited, Landis required that purchasers of land in Vineland had to build a house on the purchased property within a year of purchase, that 2½ acres of the often-heavily wooded land had to be cleared and farmed each year, and that adequate space be placed between houses and roads to allow for planting of flowers and shade trees along the routes through town. Landis Avenue was constructed as a 100-foot (30 m) wide and about 1-mile (2 km) long road running east–west through the center of the community, with other, narrower roads connecting at right angles to each other. [9]

After determining that the Vineland soil was well-suited for growing grapes (hence the name), Landis started advertising to attract Italian grape growers to Vineland, offering 20 acres (81,000 m2) of land that had to be cleared and used to grow grapes. Thomas Bramwell Welch founded Welch's Grape Juice, and purchased the locally grown grapes to make "unfermented wine" (or grape juice). [9] The fertile ground also attracted the glass-making industry and was home to the Progresso soup company. Throughout the first half of the 20th century, most of the city was involved in the poultry industry, which led to the city being dubbed “The Egg Basket of America.” [10]

Vineland Poultry Laboratories (now Lohman Animal Health) was started by Arthur Goldhaft. Dr. Goldhaft is credited with putting "a chicken in every pot" after developing the fowl pox chicken vaccine that saved millions of chickens from death. Dr. Goldhaft's work at Vineland Poultry Laboratories in Vineland, helped protect the world's chicken supply from the fowl pox disease. [11]

Additionally, Vineland had New Jersey's first school for the mentally handicapped, the Vineland Developmental Center, which now has an east and west campus. These institutions house mentally handicapped women in fully staffed cottages. Henry H. Goddard, an American psychologist, coined the term "Moron" while directing the Research Laboratory at the Training School for Backward and Feeble-minded Children in Vineland. This facility was sufficiently well known that one American Prison Association pamphlet in 1955 heralded Vineland as "famous for its contributions to our knowledge of the feebleminded". [12]

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Commercial Township, New Jersey Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States

Commercial Township is a township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. It is part of the Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 5,178, reflecting a decline of 81 (-1.5%) from the 5,259 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 233 (+4.6%) from the 5,026 counted in the 1990 Census.

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Deerfield Township is a township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. It is part of the Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 3,119, reflecting an increase of 192 (+6.6%) from the 2,927 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 6 (-0.2%) from the 2,933 counted in the 1990 Census.

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Fairfield Township is a township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. It is part of the Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 6,295, reflecting an increase of 12 (+0.2%) from the 6,283 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 584 (+10.2%) from the 5,699 counted in the 1990 Census.

Greenwich Township, Cumberland County, New Jersey Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States

Greenwich Township is the westernmost township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 804, reflecting a decline of 43 (-5.1%) from the 847 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 64 (-7.0%) from the 911 counted in the 1990 Census. It is part of the Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes.

Hopewell Township, Cumberland County, New Jersey Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States

Hopewell Township is a township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, in the United States. It is part of the Vineland-Millville- Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area for statistical purposes. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 4,571, reflecting an increase of 137 (+3.1%) from the 4,434 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 219 (+5.2%) from the 4,215 counted in the 1990 Census.

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Stow Creek Township, New Jersey Township in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States

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Vineland is a city in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a total population of 60,724, reflecting an increase of 4,453 (+7.9%) from the 56,271 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 1,491 (+2.7%) from the 54,780 counted in the 1990 Census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated that the city's population was 59,439 in 2019, ranking the city the 636th-most-populous in the country. Vineland, Millville and Bridgeton are the three principal New Jersey cities of the Vineland–Millville–Bridgeton Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses those three cities and all of Cumberland County for statistical purposes and had a population of 156,898 as of the 2010 Census.

Welchs American company

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Cumberland County College community college in Vineland, New Jersey

Cumberland County College was a public community college in Vineland and Millville, Cumberland County, New Jersey. It became the Cumberland Campus of Rowan College of South Jersey on July 1, 2019 as the result of a merger with Rowan College at Gloucester County. The historic merger is the first of its kind in New Jersey.

Landis Township was a township that existed in Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States, from 1864 to 1952. It was named after Charles K. Landis, the founder of Vineland.

Charles Kline Landis was a property developer in South Jersey, who was the founder and developer of Vineland and Sea Isle City.

Landis School Middle school

Landis Intermediate School used to be a public middle school in Vineland, Cumberland County, New Jersey, United States, as part of the Vineland Public Schools. Its last year was 2017-2018. The only grades that were held those years were 7th and 8th. It opened as Vineland High School in 1928 and was designed by James Oscar Betelle. As the population of Vineland grew and Vineland High School got overcrowded, it became necessary to construct a new high school. With the construction of Vineland Senior High School South in 1963 Vineland High School got degraded to Landis Intermediate School.

References

  1. 1 2 Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 120. Accessed January 8, 2013.
  2. "Merger Campaign Arouses Vineland; 'Hole' in Jersey 'Doughnut' Fights for Civic Status in February 5 Referendum Merger Defeated in 1929 Wide Interest Noted", The New York Times , November 25, 1951. p. 58
  3. Staff. "New City Set in Jersey; 2 Communities Vote to Merge as Vineland on July 1", The New York Times , February 6, 1952. Accessed February 8, 2012. "Citizens of Landis Township and Vineland Borough voted by a large majority in a special election today to join forces and become one city -- Vineland -- on July 1."
  4. Staff. "Big City Born in Jersey; Vineland Borough and Landis Township Plan Fete Tonight", The New York Times , July 1, 1952. Accessed February 8, 2012.
  5. Barnett, Bob. Population Data for Cumberland County Municipalities, 1810 - 2010, WestJersey.org. January 6, 2011. Accessed January 8, 2013.
  6. Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 715. Accessed January 8, 2013.
  7. Staff. A Report of the Seventeenth Decennial Census of the United States - Census of Population: 1950; Volume I - Number of Inhabitants, p. 30-11. Accessed January 8, 2013.
  8. Our People of the Century: Charles K. Landis - Founder of a City, Creator of a Dream Archived 2011-06-15 at the Wayback Machine . Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 13, 2008.
  9. 1 2 The Founding of Vineland and Its Growth as an Agricultural Center, West Jersey and South Jersey Heritage. Accessed August 28, 2007.
  10. Spahr, Rob. "Vineland celebrates its 150th anniversary with parade, fireworks and cake", The Press of Atlantic City , August 8, 2011. Accessed July 26, 2012. "On Sunday, the city wrapped up a weekend-long celebration of the 150th anniversary of Landis’ land acquisition, with carnival rides, a parade, fireworks, commemorative shot glasses, and, of course, birthday cake."
  11. Our People of the Century - Arthur Goldhaft: Pioneering Vet Put "a chicken in every pot" Archived 2011-06-15 at the Wayback Machine , Cumberland County, New Jersey. Accessed July 13, 2008.
  12. Strange Maps (2008-06-23). "Come Visit New Jersey… You'll Never Leave".